Extending the Bill of Rights
Amendments XI - XXVII
Amendment XI
• Limits the
jurisdiction of
federal courts
• Cannot try cases in
which a state is
sued by citizens of
another state or a
foreign country
Amendment XII
• Deals with
presidential
elections
• Requires
presidential
electors to cast
separate ballots for
the president and
vice president
Amendment XIII
• A Civil War
amendment (1865)
• Abolished slavery
• Authorized Congress
to pass legislation
enforcing this act
Amendment XIV
• Another Civil War
amendment (1868)
• Originally meant to
protect the rights of freed
slaves
• Plays a significant role
in many civil rights
cases
• All persons born or
naturalized in the U.S.
are citizens
• States cannot deprive
any person of life,
liberty, or property
without due process
Amendment XIV
• Also includes the
equal protection
clause
• Justice should be
blind
• Segregation is
unacceptable
Amendment XV
• The last of the
Civil War
amendments
(1870)
• No one shall be
denied the right
to vote because
of race
• Literacy tests and
poll taxes worked
against
• Women not
included
Amendment XVI
• Gave Congress the
power to collect
income taxes
Amendment XVII
• Provides for the direct
election of senators
• Allows the people to
elect a pair of senators
to represent their state
• Used to be chosen by the
state legislatures
• Gave the people a
greater voice
• Bond (top)
• McCaskill (below)
Amendment XVIII
• Also known as
“Prohibition”
• Authorized
Congress to
prohibit the
production, sale,
or transportation
of alcohol
Amendment XIX
• Women’s
suffrage
• Guaranteed
women the right
to vote
Amendment XX
• Called the “Lame
Duck” amendment
• Outgoing officials
lack influence and
don’t accomplish
much
• Congress begins its
new term on
January 3rd
• The president’s
term begins on
January 20th
• Inauguration Day
Amendment XXI
• Repealed
Amendment XVIII
(Prohibition)
• The only
amendment to
overturn another
Amendment XXII
• Limits the
president to a
maximum of
two elected
terms
• Passed in
response to
FDR’s four
terms in office
(1933 – 1945)
Amendment XXIII
• Allowed the
citizens of
Washington,
D.C. to vote for
president and
vice president
• 3 electoral votes
Amendment XXIV
• Prohibited the use
of poll taxes in
federal elections
• Poll taxes had been
used to keep poor
minorities from
voting
Amendment XXV
• Deals with
presidential
succession
• If the president dies
or can’t lead, the vice
president takes over
• He/she then
nominates a new vice
president, which
must be approved by
Congress
• Side note
• The Speaker of the
House is next in line
Amendment XXVI
• Lowered the
voting age in
federal & state
elections from 21
to 18
Amendment XXVII
• Congressional
pay raises do not
take effect until
the start of the
next term
• Originally
proposed in 1789
• Passed in 1992