Spring 9 Week
Assessment
REVIEW
Which two
species are
more closely
related?
A. bears &
raccoons
or
B. raccoons &
badgers
Raccoons and
badgers
Which
species is the
most closely
related to the
guinea pig?
squirrel
Which two species have the
most characteristics in common?
Chimpanzee and bonobo
Using the
hierarchy of
classification to
the right, two
species are the
most similar if
they belong to the
same _________.
Genus
Human activities can cause certain species to
become extinct, by affecting the species habitat
or food supply.
Could species adapt to different surroundings
and food over time?
Yes
What if the change in food or habitat happened
very quickly?
No, adaptation takes time
Why is overfishing bad?
The fish can’t adapt fast enough
What is it about polar bears that
makes it difficult for them to
successfully adapt to habitat & food
changes?
Low rate of reproduction.
They only have 1-2 cubs every
three years.
When two species try to capture the
same resources, what is it called?
competition
Which species according to natural selection
will survive?
The species with the best adaptations, which
give it an advantage. Survival of the fittest.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a
common bacteria, fights off
competitors by injecting them with
toxic proteins using a needle like
puncturing device…
Good competitor
If a bee eats nectar from flowers and pollinates
the flowers at the same time, what type of
relationship would it be?
Mutualism, they both get
something good.
If desert bats pollinate cactus flowers, where
do you think they get their food?
From the cactus!
What type of relationship is it?
Mutualism
Both get something good.
Which level provides the most energy?
Wolf
Raccoon
Grasshopper
Grass
3rd Consumer
2nd Consumer
1st Consumer
Producers
If there are 10 kilocalories of energy at
the tertiary consumer level in a
habitat, how many kilocalories would
be at the producer level?
10 tertiary
100 secondary
1,000 primary
10,000 producer
In a habitat, horned toads eat ants
and ants eat grass. What would
happen if the number of horned
toads increased?
The number of ants will decrease &
the amount of grass will increase
What would happen if decomposers
like earthworms were removed from
an ecosystem?
The cycle will be disrupted and
slowed
What trophic level of a food web
would be the most damaging if it died
out?
producers
Can you explain why?
All the energy in the system starts with
the producers. All other levels would
run out of food eventually.
What would happen if the bird
population increased?
Grass
Grasshopper
Bird
The grasshoppers would
decrease and the grass and
snakes would increase
Snake
Fox
Cat
Mouse
Rabbit
Grass
Explain which animals would be affected if a
disease killed out all the grass.
All would be affected because of lack of food.
What is an example of a herbivore?
Any organism that eats producers.
Deer, Rabbit, Mouse etc…..
What are 2 synonyms for producer?
P lants
or
A utotrophs
Which level contains the
herbivores?
Grass
Grasshopper
Bird
Snake
Where do herbivores
get their energy?
Producers
How much energy is passed to
the next level?
10%
What happens to the other 90%?
Used by the organisms at that level &
given off as heat
Is there a limit to the number of
trophic levels in a food chain?
Yes
Why?
Most energy is given off as heat
In the nitrogen cycle, what
organisms that live in soil and on
roots fix or make usable by plants
the greatest amount of nitrogen?
Bacteria fix the most
nitrogen.
Are bacteria biotic or abiotic?
Biotic (living)
What happens to dead animal
tissue in an ecosystem?
Becomes nutrients for other
organisms
How are viruses and prokaryotes
different?
A virus does not replicate on its own,
but prokaryotic cells do replicate on
their own.
How do vaccines work?
They induce the body to recognize
the pathogen as foreign.
What does AIDs do to a person’s
immune system?
Weakens it
What type of cells does HIV attack?
T-lymphocytes
How can a scientist distinguish
between virus and bacteria?
A virus attacks the cell’s genetic
material, while bacteria use toxins to
kill a cell.