By Joy Feagan, Stephanie
Walters, and Christi Frost
Civil Rights Timeline
1954
Brown vs. Board of Education: segregation in
public schools is no longer allowed.
1955
Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat on a bus
for a white passenger and is arrested.
Martin Luther King leads the Montgomery bus
boycott.
1956
U.S. Supreme Court decides that segregation on
buses is unconstitutional.
1957
• Martin Luther King Jr., Ralph Abernathy, Fred
Shuttlesworth, and Bayard Rustin create the
Southern Christian Leadership Conference,
promoting nonviolent protests for the civil
rights movement.
1960
• The Student Nonviolent Coordinating
Committee organize sit-in protests.
1961
• The Congress of Racial Equality arranges for
freedom riders to end segregation on interstate
transportation.
1963
• March on Washington occurs at the Lincoln
Memorial and Martin Luther King Jr. gives his “I
Have a Dream” speech.
1964
• The Civil Rights Act, stating that employment should
be equal for all, is signed by President Lyndon B.
Johnson
1965
• Martin Luther King Jr. Jr and other protesters
are arrested.
• Malcolm X is killed.
• Bloody Sunday.
1967
• Thurgood Marshall becomes the first black
Supreme Court Justice.
1968
• Martin Luther King. is shot to death by
James Earl Ray.
Medgar Evers
• The first state field secretary for the
NAACP in Mississippi.
• Investigated crimes against blacks,
and started demonstrations, boycotts
of white-owned discriminating
companies, and voter-registration
efforts.
•He and his family
received constant
death threats, and he
was shot in the back
on June 12, 1963.
•His death brought out
more support for the
Civil Rights Movement
•Posthumously
awarded the Spingarn
Medal by the NAACP.
Jesse Jackson
• Joined the Council on Racial
Equality (CORE).
• Led marches, sit-ins, and mass
arrests to help integrate local
restaurants and theaters.
• Field director of CORE’s
southeastern operations.
• Delegate to the Young
Democrats National
Convention in 1964.
• Worked with MLK Jr., the
SCLC, and other groups.
• Went to South Africa to
speak out against the
Apartheid.
Martin Luther King Jr.
• Elected president of the SCLC in
1957.
• Traveled over six million miles,
spoke over 25,000 times, and
wrote five books between 19571968.
• Organized and led many famous marches and
protests.
• Time magazine's Man of the Year in 1963.
• Received the Nobel Peace Prize at age 35.
Malcolm X
• As a minister, was asked to
attend debates, appear on
television, speak at
universities, and more.
• 2nd most desired speaker in
the U.S. in 1963.
• Led the Unity
Rally in Harlem,
one of the
largest civil
rights events in
history.
• Created the
Organizations of
Afro-American
Unity.
Timeline
1972
• Charles C. Diggs Jr., a congressman,
establishes the National African Liberation
Support Committee.
1977
• Trans Africa is created. It is a private
organization that wants to include African
Americans in international affairs and have their
ideas heard.
• 1984
• The Free South Africa Movement starts.
• 1985
• H.R. 1460 is established. It is a bill hoping
to improve education and housing benefits
for black South Africans.
1986
• Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986
is enacted. Was made up of a great
variety of different bills and documents in
attempt to end the apartheid.
1988
• Ronald E. Dellums creates a bill to
exclude activities and investments in
South Africa.
1990
• The law that prohibits the African National
Conference is removed by the President of
South Africa, Frederick W. de Klerk.
• Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and other
anti-apartheid leaders freed from jail.
1991
• Nelson Mandela declared president of the
African National Conference.
Walter Sisulu
• 1944: Sisulu, his
wife, Oliver Tambo,
and Nelson
Mandela formed
the ANC Youth
League.
• 1952: Organizer of
the Defiance
Campaign; arrested
under Suppression
of Communism Act,
sentenced to 9
months hard labor
& 2 years
suspension.
• 1953: Spent 5 months touring Eastern
Bloc countries.
• 1963: arrested at Lilieslief Farm (secret
headquarters of ANC).
Nelson Mandela
• 1952: Created
the first black
legal practice in
South Africa.
• One of 156
arrested as a
response to the
adoption of the
freedom charter
at the Congress
of People in Dec.
1956.
• 1962: Arrested for
unlawful exit from the
country and incitement
to strike after traveling
abroad for several
months.
• 1991: Made president
of the African National
Congress at its first
meeting in South Africa
after decades of being
banned.
Stephan Biko
• 1972: founder of
Black Peoples
Convention
(BPC).
• 1973: “banned”
by Apartheid
government.
• August 1975-September 1977: detained
and interrogated 4 times under the
Apartheid era anti-terrorism legislation.
• Died due to brain damage from an
interrogation, making Biko a symbol for
black resistance to the apartheid.
• 1943: Sent to South
Africa by the
Community of the
Resurrection.
• Made Priest-inCharge of the
Community's
Sophiatown and
Orlando Anglican
Mission, in the
Anglican diocese of
Johannesburg.
• Forced to come into conflict with authorities
when they passed unjust acts, such as the
Group Areas Act and the Bantu Education
Act.
• Founding patron of the ACTSA (Action for
South Africa)
Helen Suzman
• South African
legislator who
advocated for the
nonwhite majority
in the country.
• She and 11 other
liberal members
of Parliament
formed the
antiapartheid
Progressive Party.
• 1 of the 12 who returned to office in the
elections of 1961.
• 1961-1974: she was the sole antiapartheid member of Parliament.
• Her strength was that she knew the
facts, and knew her rights
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