Conserving Biodiversity (5.3)
State Standard
SB4D. Assess and explain human activities that
influence and modify the environment such as
global warming, population growth, pesticide
use, and water and power consumption.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Natural Resources
 In today’s world there is
a high ____________
for natural resources
 The consumption rate of
natural resources is not
____________
distributed
 Natural Resources are categorized as either
____________ or ____________.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Natural Resources
 Nonrenewable resources are found on Earth
in ____________ amounts or those that are
replaced by natural processes over extremely
____________ periods.
Examples:
• Tin, silver, gold uranium, copper (limited amounts)
• Phosporous (recycled slowly)
• Topsoil (forms slowly)
• Fossil fuels (form slowly)
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Renewable Resources
 Renewable resources are replaced by
natural processes ____________ than they
are consumed.
Examples:
• Plants
• Crops
• Animals
• Water
• Various types of energy
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Water & Power Consumption
 Human population ____________ &
____________ development are
driving a steadily increasing demand
for water & power supplies.
 While there is no shortage of water
globally, much of it is ____________
for human use and unevenly
distributed.
 More ____________ is required to
access water and treat it so that it
can be used.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Water & Power Consumption
 The ____________
environmental effects
of burning fossil fuels
calls for development
of & use of
environmentally
friendly
____________
energy sources.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Natural Resources
 ____________ use means using resources at
a rate in which they can be ____________ or
____________ while preserving the long-term
environmental health of the biosphere.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Pollution
 Pollution and atmospheric
changes ____________
biodiversity and global stability.
 Pollution is the
____________ of soil, water,
or air as a result of human
activity.
 Pollution has ____________
as countries have become
more industrialized.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Air Pollution & Global Warming
 The measured
increase of CO2 in the
atmosphere is largely
due to ____________
of fossil fuels.
 As CO2 levels have
increased, the
____________ global
temperature has
increased
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Air Pollution – CO2 & Ozone
 Excess CO2 can contribute to the ____________
____________ (where gases in the atmosphere
trap radiant energy from the sun, causing the earth
to stay warm)
 Release of ____________ from making coolants &
styrofoam has thinned the Ozone layer, which
protects the earth from ultraviolet ____________
overdose
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Air Pollution
 Also includes dust, smoke, ash, carbon
____________, ____________ oxides.
 Contains gases & ____________ (harmful solids)
 Smoke, gas, & fog combine to form
____________.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Air Pollution - Acid Precipitation
 ____________ containing Sulfur and nitrogen
compounds react with water and other
substances in the air to form sulfuric acid and
nitric acid.
 Acid precipitation ____________ calcium,
potassium, and other nutrients from the soil,
depriving plants of these nutrients.
 Also damages crops, aquatic ecosystems, and
____________ buildings.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Pollution & Pesticides
 ____________
____________ is the
increasing ____________ of
____________ substances in
organisms as trophic levels
increase in a food chain or
food web. Ex: DDT
 ____________ of pesticides
has also caused a rise in
pesticide-resistant insect
populations (natural selection)
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Water Pollution
• Caused by ____________ from sewers, industries,
farms, & homes, which enter water sources such
as lakes, rivers, groundwater, & oceans
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
Water Pollution - Eutrophication
 ____________ occurs when substances rich in
nitrogen and phosphorus (fertilizers) flow into
waterways, causing extensive ____________
growth.
 The algae use up the ____________ supply
during their rapid growth and after their
deaths during the decaying process.
 Other organisms in the water ____________.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
EXTINCTION
 The ____________ process of species
becoming extinct is known as ____________
extinction.
 ____________ extinction is an event in
which a ____________ percentage of all
living species become extinct in a relatively
____________ period of time.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
EXTINCTION FACTORS
 The current high rate of extinction is due to the
activities of a single species—____________
____________.
 Humans are changing conditions on Earth
____________ than new traits can evolve to
cope with the new conditions.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
EXTINCTION FACTORS
 _______________________, or excessive use, of
species that have economic value is a factor
increasing the current rate of extinction.
 Bison
 Passenger pigeons
 Ocelot
 Rhinoceros
Rhinoceros
Ocelot
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
EXTINCTION FACTORS
- ____________ ____________
 If a habitat is destroyed or disrupted, the native
species might have to ____________ or they
will die.
 The destruction of habitat, such as the clearing
of tropical rain forests (deforestation), has a
direct impact on global ____________.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
EXTINCTION FACTORS
- Habitat Loss
 The declining
population of
____________
species can
affect an
____________
ecosystem.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
FRAGMENTATION OF HABITAT
 The separation of an ecosystem into
____________ pieces of land is called
____________ ____________.
 The smaller the parcel of land, the ____________
species it can support.
 Fragmentation reduces the opportunities for
individuals in one area to reproduce with individuals
from another area.
 Carving the large ecosystem into small parcels
increases the number of ____________—creating
edge effects.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Threats to Biodiversity
INTRODUCED SPECIES
 ____________ species that are either intentionally or
unintentionally
transported to a
new habitat are
known as
introduced
species.
 Introduced species often reproduce in large numbers
because of a lack of ____________, and become
____________ species in their new habitat.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Conserving Biodiversity
Biodiversity Hot Spots
 Currently, about seven percent of the world’s
land is ____________________ as some type
of reserve – especially where there are
____________ species and a large portion of
the habitat has been lost.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Conserving Biodiversity
Corridors Between
Habitat Fragments
 Improve the survival of biodiversity by providing
corridors, or ____________, between habitat
fragments
 Creates a ____________ piece of land that can
sustain a wider variety of species and a wider
variety of genetic variation
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Conserving Biodiversity
Bioremediation
 The use of
____________
organisms, such as
prokaryotes, fungi, or
plants, to ____________ a polluted area is
called
bioremediation.
Chapter 5
Biodiversity and Conservation
Conserving Biodiversity
Biological Augmentation
 Adding ____________ ____________ to a
degraded ecosystem is called biological
augmentation.
Ladybugs help control aphid populations.
Photo courtesy of Nature’s Control