Unit 4
 The U.S. is the #1 consumer of drugs,
75% of the world’s drugs end up here.
 America’s Favorite Drug is ALCOHOL!
 Drug: any substance that alters bodily
functions
 Drugs act on the body by stimulating or
depressing cellular activity.
 Psychoactive drugs- Designed to alter
consciousness
 Shot term- produce intoxication
 Long Term- produce physical and emotional
addiction
Depressants
Stimulants
Narcotics/opiates
Ex- Alcohol,
barbiturates, antianxiety agents
Ex, Nicotine,
cocaine, caffeine
Ex, Opium,
morphine, codeine,
heroin
Drugs that slow
down inhibit, or
depress the
nervous system
Drugs that
stimulate, or speed
up the nervous
system.
Acts on Central
Nervous System
Most misused &
abused
Constricts blood
vessels & dilates
pupils of eye
Painkillers, but
highly addictive
Heroin is the most
dangerous drugs
abused & highly
addictive
Inhalants
Hallucinogens
Marijuana
Ex, Nitrous oxide,
aerosol gas,
kerosene
Ex. LSD, PCP,
Peyote
Drugs that slow
down inhibit, or
depress the
nervous system
Distort user’s
perception of
reality
Ex. Marijuana &
Synthetic forms
(Spice & Ivory
Rose)
Mixture of crushed
leaves, flowers,
small branches,
stems, & seed of
the hemp plant
Most misused &
abused
Difficulty
distinguish fact &
fiction
Can cause
flashback
Not addictive but
3rd most popular
drug in US
May act
emotionally
unstable or
 Drug Misuse: Taking drugs for
appropriate purpose but not proper
dosage or for conditions for which they
are unsuited.
Ex- Can’t sleep so you take Nyquil
 Drug Abuse: Excessive or persistent use
of a drug.
Ex- Smoking Marijuana everyday
 Drug Abuse is the #1 killer in Utah
 Curiosity: desire to experience the unknown
 Low self-esteem: drugs serve as a coping
mechanism
 Peer Pressure: the need to belong, friends
 Adult Modeling: to fee grown up
 Mood Alteration: mellow feeling or
excitement
 Boredom
 Alienation: lost of control, feel unwanted
School Problems
 lowered commitment to education
 Declining grades
 Absenteeism from school & related
activities
 Increased potential for dropping out
 Higher truancy rates
Healthy & Safety
 Accidental Injuries
 Physical disabilities
 Diseases (increase HIV & STD infections)
 Possible overdose
 Drug-related suicides, homicides,
accidents, & illnesses may result in
death.
Peer Relationships
 Disengage from school & community
activities because of abuse
 Depriving their peers & communities of the
positive contributions they might otherwise
make
Social, development, & emotional
consequences
 Conduct problems
 Depression
 Suicidal thoughts
 Attempted suicide
 Personality Disorders
Family Issues
 Jeopardizes many aspects of family life
 Parents & siblings affected
 Drain family financial & emotional resources
 Booze
 Brews
 Hard Stuff
 Hooch
 Juice
 Sauce
 What is It?
 Is a powerful addictive drug
 Can affect brain development
 Produced by fermenting fruits,
vegetables, & grains.
 Depressant –slows the central nervous
system.
 It's absorbed into a person's
bloodstream. From there, it affects the
central nervous system, controls virtually
all body functions.
 Intoxication- the state in which the body
is poisoned by alcohol or another
substance, and the person’s physical
and mental control is significantly
reduced.
 Persistent learning
and memory
problems
 Liver disease
 Unintentional
injuries
 HIV risk due to
impaired judgment
 Paralysis of nerves
that move the eyes
 Difficulty with
muscle coordination
 Difficulty Walking
 Blurred vision
 Slurred speech
 Slowed Reaction
times
 Impaired
memory/Blackouts
 Mental Confusion
 Damage to brain cells and reduction in
brain size
 +blood pressure- lead to heart attach &
stroke
 Fatty Liver disease = Death
 Damage digestive lining of stomach=
ulcers & cancer of the stomach
 Destruction of pancreas
 Drinking 5 or more
alcoholic drinks at
one sitting.
 Very popular
among young
drinkers.
 Drinking to get
Drunk.
 A condition in
which a toxic
amount of alcohol
(ethanol, ethyl
alcohol) has been
drunk, usually in a
short period of
time
 Mental confusion
 stupor
 coma, or person
cannot be roused
 Vomiting
 Seizures
 Slow breathing
(fewer than eight
breaths per minute)
 Irregular breathing
(10 seconds or
more between
breaths)
 Irregular breathing
(10 seconds or
more between
breaths) /
 Hypoglycemia (too
little blood sugar)
which leads to
seizures
 Hypothermia (low
body
temperature),
 Untreated severe
dehydration from
vomiting, which
can cause
seizures,
 Paleness
 Heart beats
irregularly or
stops /
 permanent brain
damage
 or death
 Peer Pressure
 Family
 Media Message
 Maintaining a healthy body
 Establishing healthy relationships
 Making Healthy decisions
 Avoiding risky behaviors
 Avoiding illegal activities
 Avoiding violence
 Achieving your goals
 Number of standard drinks
 Amount of time in which drinks are consumed
 Body weight
 Gender
 Race
 Ethnicity
 Medications
 Food (to lesser extent)
 Drunk driving is the nation’s most
frequently committed violent crime.
 Men are 4 times more likely to drive drunk
 Over 30,000 Americans are killed each
year in drunk driving accidents
 Half are teenagers
 3 out of 5 will be involved sometime in
their lifetime
 Injuries or death
 Arrest, jail time, court, record, lawsuit
 Loss of driver license
 Higher car insurance rates or canceled
policy
 Driving with someone who was drinking
is just as dangerous or even more
Nothing but TIME
can Sober a
Person up!
 Age limit is based on research which
shows that young people react differently
to alcohol.
 Teens get drunk twice as fast as adults,9
but have more trouble knowing when to
stop.
 Teens naturally overdo it and binge more
often than adults.
 Enforcing the legal drinking age of 21
reduces traffic crashes,4-6 protects young
people’s maturing brains,12,14 and keep
young people safer overall.
 The younger you are when you start
drinking, the greater your chance of
becoming addicted to alcohol at some
point in your life. More than 4 in 10 people
who begin drinking before age 15
eventually become alcoholics.
 Drinking while pregnant
 Most dangerous during 1st trimester
 Birth defects – mental & physical
problems






Small head & facial deformities
Heart, liver, kidney defects
Vision & hearing problems
Poor coordination
Learning difficulties
Hyperactivity, anxiety, & social withdrawal
 Physically or psychologically dependent
on alcohol.
 Cravings
 Loss of control
 Physical Dependence
 Tolerance
 3 Stages of Alcoholism
 Stage 1- Abuse
 Begin with
social drinking.
Dependence
begins.
 Memory Loss &
Blackouts
 Maybe lie &
justify behavior
 2- Dependence
 Cannot stop
drinking
 Tries to hide
problem
 Work, school, &
home suffers
 3-Addiction
 Final Stage=
Addiction
 Liver damage
 Less alcohol
needed for
drunkenness
 Withdrawal
 Butts
 Chew
 Dip
 Coffin nails
 Cancer sticks
 Between 1964 and 2004, cigarette smoking
caused an estimated 12 million deaths,
including 4.1 million deaths from cancer, and
5.5 million deaths from cardiovascular
diseases
 48 million Americans Smoke
 4 million teens smoke
 13 is the average age at which people start
smoking in Utah
 80% of adult smokers believe they will die of
tobacco related causes if they don’t quit.
 Every hour of every day of every year 50
people will die of a tobacco related problem.
 Airway of the lungs
immediately
constricted, decreased
lung function hindering
physical activity
 Nagging coughs and
shortness of breath
 Increased heart rate
 Elevated blood
pressure
 Oxygen is deprived in
the body
 Brain - Nicotine causes the release of
chemical in the brain that makes tobacco
users crave tobacco.
 Heart - as a result of atherosclerosis, the
heart must work harder to pump blood. Lead
to high blood pressure, heart attack and
stroke.
 Lungs - smoking blocks the airways,
impairs the lungs, and increases the risk of
lung cancer and other respiratory diseases
 Skin - ages and wrinkles the skin.
 Fingers - can stain the fingers yellow
 Mouth teeth and throat - bad breath stains
on teeth & decrease the senses of taste and
smell. It can cause gum disease, mouth,
throat, and esophageal cancer.
 Stomach, colon, and bladder - stomach
ulcers and bladder, kidney and stomach
cancers.
 Cancer - Smokers have increased risk of
cancers in the mouth, throat, breast, lungs,
and pancreas. Smoking is the most common
cause of death from cancer.
 Chronic Bronchitis - a condition in which
mucus blocks the airways. People with
bronchitis must cough to dislodge the mucus
 Respiratory Infections - such as colds and
pneumonia. Smoking robs the body of
vitamin C which helps keep the immune
system strong.
 Emphysema - a condition in which the air
sacs in the lungs become damaged. Body
does not get all the oxygen it needs. 100,000
deaths per year.
 Asthma - a chronic inflammatory disease of
the airways. Secondhand smoke exposure
causes children who already have asthma to
experience more frequent and severe
attacks.
 Coronary Heart Disease- Heart attacks &
Strokes.
 Cigars, pipe tobacco, snuff, and chewing
tobacco, all contain the addictive drug
nicotine and can also cause cancer.
 Carbon Monoxidein car exhaust
 Tars-Dark, sticky
mixture of
chemicals
 Arsenic-week &
insect killer
 Cyanide-poison,
used in gas
chamber
 Formaldehydepreservative for the
dead
 Nicotine- Addictive
 601)AcetanisoleAcetic AcidAcetoinAcetophenone6Acetoxydihydrotheaspirane2-Acetyl-3Ethylpyrazine2-Acetyl-5-MethylfuranAcetylpyrazine2Acetylpyridine3-Acetylpyridine2AcetylthiazoleAconitic Aciddl-AlanineAlfalfa
ExtractAllspice Extract, Oleoresin And OilAllyl
HexanoateAllyl IononeAlmond Bitter OilAmbergris
TinctureAmmoniaAmmonium BicarbonateAmmonium
HydroxideAmmonium Phosphate DibasicAmmonium
SulfideAmyl AlcoholAmyl ButyrateAmyl FormateAmyl
Octanoatealpha-AmylcinnamaldehydeAmyris
Oiltrans-AnetholeAngelica Root Extract, Oil and Seed
OilAniseAnise Star, Extract and OilsAnisyl
AcetateAnisyl AlcoholAnisyl FormateAnisyl
Phenylacetate
 Apple Juice Concentrate, Extract, and SkinsApricot Extract and Juice
Concentrate1-ArginineAsafetida Fluid Extract And OilAscorbic Acid1Asparagine Monohydrate1-Aspartic AcidBalsam Peru and OilBasil OilBay
Leaf, Oil and Sweet OilBeeswax WhiteBeet Juice
ConcentrateBenzaldehydeBenzaldehyde Glyceryl AcetalBenzoic
AcidBenzoinBenzoin ResinBenzophenoneBenzyl AlcoholBenzyl
BenzoateBenzyl ButyrateBenzyl CinnamateBenzyl PropionateBenzyl
SalicylateBergamot OilBisaboleneBlack Currant Buds
AbsoluteBorneolBornyl AcetateBuchu Leaf Oil1,3-Butanediol2,3Butanedione1-Butanol2-Butanone4(2-Butenylidene)-3,5,5-Trimethyl-2Cyclohexen-1-OneButter, Butter Esters, and Butter OilButyl AcetateButyl
ButyrateButyl Butyryl LactateButyl IsovalerateButyl PhenylacetateButyl
Undecylenate3-ButylidenephthalideButyric AcidCadineneCaffeineCalcium
CarbonateCampheneCananga OilCapsicum OleoresinCaramel
ColorCaraway OilCarbon DioxideCardamom Oleoresin, Extract, Seed Oil,
and PowderCarob Bean and Extractbeta-CaroteneCarrot OilCarvacrol4Carvomenthenol1-Carvonebeta-Caryophyllenebeta-Caryophyllene
OxideCascarilla Oil and Bark ExtractCassia Bark OilCassie Absolute and
OilCastoreum Extract, Tincture and AbsoluteCedar Leaf OilCedarwood
Oil Terpenes and VirginianaCedrolCelery Seed Extract, Solid, Oil, And
OleoresinCellulose FiberChamomile Flower Oil And ExtractChicory
ExtractChocolate

CinnamaldehydeCinnamic AcidCinnamon Leaf Oil, Bark Oil, and ExtractCinnamyl
AcetateCinnamyl AlcoholCinnamyl CinnamateCinnamyl IsovalerateCinnamyl PropionateCitralCitric
AcidCitronella Oildl-CitronellolCitronellyl ButyrateCitronellyl IsobutyrateCivet AbsoluteClary
OilClover Tops, Red Solid ExtractCocoaCocoa Shells, Extract, Distillate And PowderCoconut
OilCoffeeCognac White and Green OilCopaiba OilCoriander Extract and OilCorn OilCorn
SilkCostus Root OilCubeb OilCuminaldehydepara-Cymene1-CysteineDandelion Root Solid
ExtractDavana Oil2-trans, 4-trans-Decadienaldelta-DecalactonegammaDecalactoneDecanalDecanoic Acid1-Decanol2-DecenalDehydromenthofurolactoneDiethyl
MalonateDiethyl Sebacate2,3-DiethylpyrazineDihydro Anethole5,7-Dihydro-2-Methylthieno(3,4-D)
PyrimidineDill Seed Oil and Extractmeta-Dimethoxybenzenepara-Dimethoxybenzene2,6DimethoxyphenolDimethyl Succinate3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-Cyclopentanedione3,5- Dimethyl-1,2Cyclopentanedione3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-Octatriene4,5-Dimethyl-3-Hydroxy-2,5-Dihydrofuran-2One6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-Undecadien-2-One3,7-Dimethyl-6-Octenoic Acid2,4Dimethylacetophenonealpha,para-Dimethylbenzyl Alcoholalpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl
Acetatealpha,alpha Dimethylphenethyl Butyrate2,3-Dimethylpyrazine2,5-Dimethylpyrazine2,6DimethylpyrazineDimethyltetrahydrobenzofuranonedelta-DodecalactonegammaDodecalactonepara-EthoxybenzaldehydeEthyl 10-UndecenoateEthyl 2-MethylbutyrateEthyl
AcetateEthyl AcetoacetateEthyl AlcoholEthyl BenzoateEthyl ButyrateEthyl CinnamateEthyl
DecanoateEthyl FencholEthyl FuroateEthyl HeptanoateEthyl HexanoateEthyl IsovalerateEthyl
LactateEthyl LaurateEthyl LevulinateEthyl MaltolEthyl Methyl PhenylglycidateEthyl MyristateEthyl
NonanoateEthyl OctadecanoateEthyl OctanoateEthyl OleateEthyl PalmitateEthyl
PhenylacetateEthyl PropionateEthyl SalicylateEthyl trans-2-ButenoateEthyl ValerateEthyl
Vanillin2-Ethyl (or Methyl)-(3,5 and 6)-Methoxypyrazine2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol3-Ethyl -2 -Hydroxy-2Cyclopenten-1-One2-Ethyl-3, (5 or 6)-Dimethylpyrazine5-Ethyl-3-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2(5H)Furanone2-Ethyl-3-Methylpyrazine4-Ethylbenzaldehyde4-Ethylguaiacolpara-Ethylphenol3EthylpyridineEucalyptolFarnesolD-FenchoneFennel Sweet Oil

Fenugreek, Extract, Resin, and AbsoluteFig Juice ConcentrateFood Starch ModifiedFurfuryl Mercaptan4-(2-Furyl)-3-Buten-2-OneGalbanum
OilGenet AbsoluteGentian Root ExtractGeraniolGeranium Rose OilGeranyl AcetateGeranyl ButyrateGeranyl FormateGeranyl IsovalerateGeranyl
PhenylacetateGinger Oil and Oleoresin1-Glutamic Acid1-GlutamineGlycerolGlycyrrhizin AmmoniatedGrape Juice ConcentrateGuaiac Wood
OilGuaiacolGuar Gum2,4-Heptadienalgamma-HeptalactoneHeptanoic Acid2-Heptanone3-Hepten-2-One2-Hepten-4-One4-Heptenaltrans -2HeptenalHeptyl Acetateomega-6-Hexadecenlactonegamma-HexalactoneHexanalHexanoic Acid2-Hexen-1-Ol3-Hexen-1-Olcis-3-Hexen-1-Yl
Acetate2-Hexenal3-Hexenoic Acidtrans-2-Hexenoic Acidcis-3-Hexenyl FormateHexyl 2-MethylbutyrateHexyl AcetateHexyl AlcoholHexyl
Phenylacetate1-HistidineHoneyHops OilHydrolyzed Milk SolidsHydrolyzed Plant Proteins5-Hydroxy-2,4-Decadienoic Acid delta- Lactone4Hydroxy-2,5-Dimethyl-3(2H)-Furanone2-Hydroxy-3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-1-One4-Hydroxy -3-Pentenoic Acid Lactone2-Hydroxy-4Methylbenzaldehyde4-Hydroxybutanoic Acid LactoneHydroxycitronellal6-Hydroxydihydrotheaspirane4-(para-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-ButanoneHyssop
OilImmortelle Absolute and Extractalpha-Iononebeta-Iononealpha-IroneIsoamyl AcetateIsoamyl BenzoateIsoamyl ButyrateIsoamyl
CinnamateIsoamyl FormateIsoamyl HexanoateIsoamyl IsovalerateIsoamyl OctanoateIsoamyl PhenylacetateIsobornyl AcetateIsobutyl
AcetateIsobutyl AlcoholIsobutyl CinnamateIsobutyl PhenylacetateIsobutyl Salicylate2-Isobutyl-3-Methoxypyrazinealpha-Isobutylphenethyl
AlcoholIsobutyraldehydeIsobutyric Acidd,l-Isoleucinealpha-Isomethylionone2-IsopropylphenolIsovaleric AcidJasmine Absolute, Concrete and
OilKola Nut ExtractLabdanum Absolute and OleoresinLactic AcidLauric AcidLauric AldehydeLavandin OilLavender OilLemon Oil and
ExtractLemongrass Oil1-LeucineLevulinic AcidLicorice Root, Fluid, Extract and PowderLime OilLinaloolLinalool OxideLinalyl AcetateLinden
FlowersLovage Oil And Extract1-LysineMace Powder, Extract and OilMagnesium CarbonateMalic AcidMalt and Malt
ExtractMaltodextrinMaltolMaltyl IsobutyrateMandarin OilMaple Syrup and ConcentrateMate Leaf, Absolute and Oilpara-Mentha-8-Thiol-3OneMentholMenthoneMenthyl Acetatedl-MethionineMethoprene2-Methoxy-4-Methylphenol2-Methoxy-4-Vinylphenolpara-Methoxybenzaldehyde1(para-Methoxyphenyl)-1-Penten-3-One4-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-Butanone1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-PropanoneMethoxypyrazineMethyl 2FuroateMethyl 2-OctynoateMethyl 2-Pyrrolyl KetoneMethyl AnisateMethyl AnthranilateMethyl BenzoateMethyl CinnamateMethyl
DihydrojasmonateMethyl Ester of Rosin, Partially HydrogenatedMethyl IsovalerateMethyl Linoleate (48%)Methyl Linolenate (52%) MixtureMethyl
Naphthyl KetoneMethyl NicotinateMethyl PhenylacetateMethyl SalicylateMethyl Sulfide3-Methyl-1-Cyclopentadecanone4-Methyl-1-Phenyl-2Pentanone5-Methyl-2-Phenyl-2-Hexenal5-Methyl-2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde6-Methyl-3,-5-Heptadien-2-One2-Methyl-3-(para-Isopropylphenyl)
Propionaldehyde5-Methyl-3-Hexen-2-One1-Methyl-3Methoxy-4-Isopropylbenzene4-Methyl-3-Pentene-2-One2-Methyl-4-Phenylbutyraldehyde6Methyl-5-Hepten-2-One4-Methyl-5-Thiazoleethanol4-Methyl-5-VinylthiazoleMethyl-alpha-IononeMethyl-trans-2-Butenoic Acid4Methylacetophenonepara-Methylanisolealpha-Methylbenzyl Acetatealpha-Methylbenzyl Alcohol2-Methylbutyraldehyde3-Methylbutyraldehyde2Methylbutyric Acidalpha-MethylcinnamaldehydeMethylcyclopentenolone2-Methylheptanoic Acid2-Methylhexanoic Acid3-Methylpentanoic Acid4Methylpentanoic Acid2-Methylpyrazine5-Methylquinoxaline2-Methyltetrahydrofuran-3-One(Methylthio)Methylpyrazine (Mixture Of Isomers)3MethylthiopropionaldehydeMethyl 3-Methylthiopropionate2-Methylvaleric AcidMimosa Absolute and ExtractMolasses Extract and
TinctureMountain Maple Solid ExtractMullein FlowersMyristaldehydeMyristic AcidMyrrh Oilbeta-Napthyl Ethyl EtherNerolNeroli Bigarde
OilNerolidolNona-2-trans,6-cis-Dienal2,6-Nonadien-1-Olgamma-NonalactoneNonanalNonanoic AcidNonanonetrans-2-Nonen-1-Ol2-NonenalNonyl
AcetateNutmeg Powder and OilOak Chips Extract and OilOak Moss Absolute9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid (48%) And 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic
Acid (52%)delta-Octalactonegamma-OctalactoneOctanal

Octanoic Acid1-Octanol2-Octanone3-Octen-2-One1-Octen-3-Ol1-Octen-3-Yl Acetate2-OctenalOctyl IsobutyrateOleic
AcidOlibanum OilOpoponax Oil And GumOrange Blossoms Water, Absolute, and Leaf AbsoluteOrange Oil and
ExtractOriganum OilOrris Concrete Oil and Root ExtractPalmarosa OilPalmitic AcidParsley Seed OilPatchouli
Oilomega-Pentadecalactone2,3-Pentanedione2-Pentanone4-Pentenoic Acid2-PentylpyridinePepper Oil, Black And
WhitePeppermint OilPeruvian (Bois De Rose) OilPetitgrain Absolute, Mandarin Oil and Terpeneless OilalphaPhellandrene2-Phenenthyl AcetatePhenenthyl AlcoholPhenethyl ButyratePhenethyl CinnamatePhenethyl
IsobutyratePhenethyl IsovaleratePhenethyl PhenylacetatePhenethyl Salicylate1-Phenyl-1-Propanol3-Phenyl-1Propanol2-Phenyl-2-Butenal4-Phenyl-3-Buten-2-Ol4-Phenyl-3-Buten-2-OnePhenylacetaldehydePhenylacetic Acid1Phenylalanine3-Phenylpropionaldehyde3-Phenylpropionic Acid3-Phenylpropyl Acetate3-Phenylpropyl Cinnamate2-(3Phenylpropyl)TetrahydrofuranPhosphoric AcidPimenta Leaf OilPine Needle Oil, Pine Oil, ScotchPineapple Juice
Concentratealpha-Pinenebeta-PineneD-PiperitonePiperonalPipsissewa Leaf ExtractPlum JuicePotassium Sorbate1ProlinePropenylguaetholPropionic AcidPropyl AcetatePropyl para-HydroxybenzoatePropylene Glycol3PropylidenephthalidePrune Juice and ConcentratePyridinePyroligneous Acid And ExtractPyrrolePyruvic AcidRaisin
Juice ConcentrateRhodinolRose Absolute and OilRosemary OilRumRum EtherRye ExtractSage, Sage Oil, and Sage
OleoresinSalicylaldehydeSandalwood Oil, YellowSclareolideSkatoleSmoke FlavorSnakeroot OilSodium
AcetateSodium BenzoateSodium BicarbonateSodium CarbonateSodium ChlorideSodium CitrateSodium
HydroxideSolanoneSpearmint OilStyrax Extract, Gum and OilSucrose OctaacetateSugar AlcoholsSugarsTagetes
OilTannic AcidTartaric AcidTea Leaf and Absolutealpha-TerpineolTerpinoleneTerpinyl Acetate5,6,7,8Tetrahydroquinoxaline1,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-13-Oxatricyclo(8.3.0.0(4,9))Tridecane2,3,4,5, and 3,4,5,6-TetramethylethylCyclohexanone2,3,5,6-TetramethylpyrazineThiamine HydrochlorideThiazole1-ThreonineThyme Oil, White and
RedThymolTobacco ExtractsTochopherols (mixed)Tolu Balsam Gum and ExtractTolualdehydespara-Tolyl 3Methylbutyratepara-Tolyl Acetaldehydepara-Tolyl Acetatepara-Tolyl Isobutyratepara-Tolyl PhenylacetateTriacetin2Tridecanone2-TridecenalTriethyl Citrate3,5,5-Trimethyl -1-Hexanolpara,alpha,alpha-Trimethylbenzyl Alcohol4-(2,6,6Trimethylcyclohex-1-Enyl)But-2-En-4-One2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-Ene-1,4-Dione2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3Dienyl Methan4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-Dienyl)But-2-En-4-One2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone2,3,5Trimethylpyrazine1-Tyrosinedelta-Undecalactonegamma-UndecalactoneUndecanal2-Undecanone10UndecenalUreaValenceneValeraldehydeValerian Root Extract, Oil and PowderValeric AcidgammaValerolactoneValineVanilla Extract And OleoresinVanillinVeratraldehydeVetiver OilVinegarViolet Leaf AbsoluteWalnut
Hull ExtractWaterWheat Extract And FlourWild Cherry Bark ExtractWine and Wine SherryXanthan Gum3,4XylenolYeast
 True or False – Smokeless tobacco is safe
because you don’t smoke it.
 Cancers associated with smokeless tobaccoTongue, Mouth, Throat cancers
 The Cool Factor
 Celebrity Smokers
 Dreams & Insecurities
 Friends, Fun & Excitement
 Humor
 Positive Lifestyle Advertising
 Schedule 1: High
Abuse, No
medical Use
 Schedule 4:
Limited Abuse,
High Medial Use
 Schedule 2: High
Abuse, Some
Medial Use
 Schedule 5: Minor
Problems
 Schedule 3: Lower
Abuse, Medical
use
 Pressure from one's peers to behave in a
manner similar or acceptable to them.
 Peer pressure is the influence of a social group
on an individual.
 Good peer pressure is being pushed into
something that you didn't have the courage to do
or just didn't cross your mind to do.
 Good peer pressure can also be a situation
when your friends convince you not to do
something you were going to do because it
wasn't in your best interest.
 Good peer pressure is when you get pushed into
something that you didn't want to do and it
turned out well.
 You may learn something new and have a new
experience.
 You can overcome a fear.
 You will avoid breaking the law, getting into
trouble with your parents and hurting your
health.
 Friendships, socializing, encouragement and
good advice.
 Bad peer pressure is being talked into doing
something that you didn't want to do because
your friends said that you should.
 Bad peer pressure is usually the result of
wanting to be accepted by your peers.
 Bad peer pressure usually leads to doing
something bad such as drinking alcohol, using
drugs, or smoking.
 It can lead to trouble with the law, with your
parents and it can affect your health.
 The key to dealing with negative peer pressure
is self-confidence.
 Be yourself, make your own decisions,
regardless of what others think.
 Listen to your gut
 Learn to feel comfortable saying "no."
 Hang with people who feel the same way you
do.
 If a situation seems dangerous, don't hesitate to
get an adult's help.
 Protective Factors- Factors in an individual’s
life that decrease the likelihood of
involvement with drugs and reduce the
impact that any risk factor might have.
Protective Factors
Family Factors
Parental Supervision
Child's Attachment to Parent
Parent's Attachment to Child
Parent's Involvement in Child's Activities
Educational Factors
Reading Percentile
Mathematics Percentile
Commitment to School
Attachment to Teachers
Aspirations to Go to College
Expectations to Go to College
Parent's Expectation for Child to Go to College
Parent's Values About College
Peer Factors
Peers Have Conventional Values
Parent's Positive Evaluation of Peers
Other Resources
Child's Self Esteem
Child's Involvement in Religious Activities
Child's Involvement in Prosocial Activities
Child Is Close to an Adult Outside the Family
 Risk Factor- Factors in an
individual’s life that
increase the likelihood of 
involvement with drugs.

 Socioeconomic factors

 Psychosocial that reflect a
tendency toward

nonconformity within
society
 Availability
 Depression
Peer Approval
Low educational goals
School absence
Number of adults that use
drugs
 Deadly Persuasion
 Define- An experience of powerlessness
over a compulsive behavior which results in
that person’s life becoming unmanageable.
 All addictions have similar effects of the brain
(shopping, alcohol, smoking, tobacco,
caffeine ,drugs, alcohol, sex…)
It involves the following:
1. Frequent self destructive behavior or highrisk activity.
Ex- Stealing
2. Shame/denial/making excuses for being
involved in the activity.
3. Unable to stop even though it’s causing
severe life problems with family, friends,
health ,employment, finances, the law.
 All individuals move from 1 stage to another
at their own pace. Some never move past
the 1st stage.
Stage1
Person experiences joy/euphoria induced by
substance/activity. This is the “hook.” (this is
why we do drugs)
Stage 2
The brain does not return to its normal state after using
the substance. A “low” or pain is felt. The changes in
the brain chemistry cause the individual to feel pain
when the drug wears off. So they take more. This is
especially dangerous for teen as their brain is still
under construction. Continued use can led to brain
damage.
Quitting the behavior is relatively easy at this state
especially if they are faced with unpleasant
consequences.
Ex- DUI, Parent Disapproval, kicked off team, job loss,
pregnancy
Stage 3
This is the “disease” stage. The addict is
controlled by their substance of choice.
Nothing matters more than satisfying their
desperate need.
The drug/activity become their primary focus
and life is just a distraction that’s always
trying to prevent them from doing what they
constantly want to do. This stage also
involves higher doses of drugs.
***Changes in the brain caused by addiction
make it difficult for the addict to be hones
about their condition. Lying becomes the rule
of thumb because addiction changes the
way the addict thinks.
1. Short-Term Gratification: First there is
short-term gratification. You feel good now.
There is a strong short-term gain that
causes you to assume the drug or behavior
is good for you.
2. Long-Term Pain & Dysfunction: The
short term gratification is eventually
followed by long-term pain. This pain, part
of which is from physical withdrawal, and
part of which is from the inability to cope
psychosocially without drugs/alcohol, is the
direct consequences of using the addictive
chemicals.
3. Addictive Thinking: The long-term pain and
dysfunction trigger addictive thinking. Addictive
thinking begins with obsession and compulsion.
Obsession is a continuous thinking positive
effects of using alcohol and drugs. Compulsion
is an irrational urge or craving to use the drug to
get the positive effect even though you know it
will hurt you in the long run. This leads to denial
and rationalization in order to allow continued
use. Denial is the inability to recognize there is a
problem. Rationalization is blaming other
situations and people for problem rather than
drug use.
4. Increased Tolerance: Without your being
aware that it is happening, more and more of the
drug is required to produce the same effect.
5. Loss of Control- The obsession and
compulsion become so strong that you cannot
think about anything else. Your feelings and
emotions become distorted by the compulsion.
You become stressed and uncomfortable until
finally the urge to use is so strong that you
cannot resist it. Once you use the addictive
chemicals or the addictive behaviors again, the
cycle starts all over.
6. Bio-Psycho-Social Damage: Eventually
there is damage to the health of your body
(physical health), mind (psychological
health), and relationships with other people
(social health). As pain and stress get worse,
the compulsion to use the addictive drugs or
behaviors to get relief from the pain
increases. A deadly trap develops. You need
addictive use in order to feel good. When
you use addictively you damage yourself
physically, psychologically, and socially. This
damage increases your paid which increases
your need fro addictive use.