Comparing planets
Anw
Mercury
Distance to the sun
58 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
88 days
Time to rotate itself (Day)
59 days
Composition
Iron, Nickel, Silicate material
No atmosphere but layer of particles
Climate
-170 – 430 °C
Only wind from solar winds
No rain
Venus
Distance to the sun
108 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
225 days
Time to rotate itself (Day)
243 days
Composition
Iron core, rocky crust
Atmosphere of carbon dioxide with thick
clouds of sulphur dioxide
Climate
460 °C
Winds of 100 m/s
Sulphuric acid rain
Earth
Distance to the sun
150 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
365 days
Time to rotate itself (Day)
24 hours
Composition
Iron, Oxygen, Silicon, Magnesium
Water
Atmosphere of nitrogen, oxygen, and a
few other gases
Climate
-89 – 58 °C
Winds of different speeds
Rain
Mars
Distance to the sun
228 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
687 days
Time to rotate itself (Day)
24.6 hours
Composition
Iron, Sulphur, Silicate, Basalt crust
Thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide
Climate
-140 – 20 °C
Dust winds
No rain
Jupiter
Distance to the sun
778 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
12 years
Time to rotate itself (Day)
9 hours
Composition
Hydrogen, Helium, Water, Methane,
Ammonium, Core of rock and liquid
hydrogen
Gas Planet
Climate
20 °C edge atmosphere, 35 000 °C core
Winds of 100 m/s
Lightening
Saturn
Distance to the sun
1 430 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
30 years
Time to rotate itself (Day)
10.5 hours
Composition
Gas Planet
Hydrogen, Helium, Liquid hydrogen core,
Rings of dust, rock and ice
Climate
-150 °C edge atmosphere, 11 700 °C core
Winds of 500 m/s
Uranus
Distance to the sun
2 880 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
84 years
Time to rotate itself (Day)
17 hours
Composition
Water, Ammonia, Methane ices, Rocky
core
Atmosphere of hydrogen and helium
Gas Planet
Climate
-224 °C
Winds of 250 m/s
Neptune
Distance to the sun
4 500 million km
Time to orbit the sun (Year)
165 years
Time to rotate itself (Day)
16 hours
Composition
Gas Planet
Hydrogen, Helium, Methane, Ammonia
Climate
-218 °C
Winds of 666 m/s
Conclusion
• Planets close to the Sun are solid and warmer
than planets further away from the Sun, which
exist of gas.
• Years are longer for planets that are further
away.