WESTERN CAPE
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE
Dialogue Session 7
POVERTY DIMENSIONS, CHARACTERISTICS
AND INDICATORS
PRESENTATION BY MS VL PETERSEN
21 JUNE 2005
DEVELOPMENTAL CHALLENGES
 Lack of Social Cohesion
 High Levels of unemployment,
 High Crime rate and gangsterism,
 Early school leaving rate,
 Disintegration of family units,
 Arrest of children and child abuse cases ,
 High levels of substance abuse, dependancy and
trafficking
POVERTY: CURRENT SITUATION
• INEQUALITY AND POVERTY INCREASING IN THE
PROVINCE
• 1.8 MILLION PEOPLE DEFINED AS POOR IN TERMS OF
LACK OF FOOD, INCOME, SHELTER, ACCESS TO BASIC
RESOURCES
• APPROX. 700 000 INDIVIDUALS IN 382 000 HOUSEHOLDS
IN PROVINCE RECEIVING SOCIAL SECURITY SUPPORT
• WHAT PROCESSES EXIST TO ENABLE THE REMAINING
1.1 MILLION POOR TO IMPROVE THEIR LARGELY
SURVIVIALIST SOURCE(S) OF INCOME (SECOND
ECONOMY) – THIS IS THE TARGET GROUP
The poverty definition in the Western Cape
is conceptualised within the following
parameters or dimensions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Security and Peace of mind
Gender Relations
Institutions
Social Relations
Capabilities
Vulnerability
Spatial
Physical
Income and Assets
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
• 8 Pillars of iKapa Elihlumayo (Die Kaap wat Groei)
– Building human capital
– Social capital formation
– Strategic infrastructure plan
– Micro economic development strategy
– Spatial development framework
– Communication and marketing
– Improving financial governance
– Improved Inter-governmental co-ordination
INTEGRATING THE IKAPA ELIHLUMAYO
PILLARS MEANS THAT
• Meds focus is on bee, entrepreneurship, smmes, job
creation (assumption of higher level of skill) & focus on
locations and their potential for growth (spatial targeting)
led – second to first economy
• Spatial Development plan focus is on social and spatial
targeting - scoping & analysis exercise
• Human Capital development focus is on education and
skills development – social targeting
• Social Capital focus is on building local social networks
• Strategic Infrastructure investment – build assest capital
• Local Government indigent policy/free basic services and
scoping
SOCIAL CAPITAL CONCEPTS
AND DEFINITIONS
• institutions, relationships and norms that
shape quality and quantity of society’s
social interactions and enables collective
action
• based on trust and shared values that
enables exchange of goods and services
in a reciprocal relationship
SOCIAL CAPITAL CONCEPTS
AND DEFINITIONS
• glue that holds society together
• a larger base of networks enables better
management of challenging situations
• types:
– Bonding: homogenous groups
– Bridging: brings together people across social
divides; based on common values, reciprocity and
trust
– Linking: vertical dimension; trust on larger scale
INTERVENTIONS
• Embedded in human rights approach
• Deepens Democracy
• Increased access to networks and
resources that facilitate “scaling up”
• Increased capacity of the poor to
leverage resources, ideas and information
with formal institutions
INTERVENTIONS
• MOU’s with local government to effect
cooperative and seamless government
• Inclusion of intended beneficiaries in
programme design, implementation and
monitoring
• Support to local economic development
• Synergy with Ikapa Elihlumayo, HRDS,
MEDS and SIDP
• Inwent poverty reduction
programme- groups of 35
OUTCOMES
• Income, assets and livelihoods
– Proportion of household whose income,
asset and livelihoods have transform
them from poor to well being self
reliance; reduced dependence on
social security
• Education, human capacity and skills
– Enrolment at ECD centres; reduced
number of dropouts; Food security at
schools; enrolment in tertiary
institutions- gender breakdown;
Number of young people with
appropriate /work related skills
OUTCOMES
(continued)
• Basic municipal services
– Number of families on indigent /Safety
net programme; proportion of users
paying for services-Civic responsibility;
• Housing, land and infrastructure
development
– Quality of Human settlements; Number
of households having access to land;
ability to use land as leverage; Access to
water for farming purposes and Mari
culture
OUTCOMES
(continued)
• Transport, roads infrastructure
– Number of rural communities enjoying
efficient public transport services;
Safety on public transport in urban
areas;
– Condition of roads; number of rural
communities where access to services
has been improved by new or improved
roads;
OUTCOMES
(continued)
• Health and nutrition
– Impact of nutrition programmes
– Number of households whose nutrition
and health has improved over time
• Inclusion rights and social protection
– Public awareness about rights and
legislation; awareness of roles in
service delivery; Living conditions
OUTCOMES
(continued)
• Empowering vulnerable groups
– Number of disabled on social security,
employed and have access to services
and necessary equipment; Number and
improved living conditions of child
headed households;Number of groups
and communities mobilsed for self
reliance-litsema/vukuzenzele
OUTCOMES
(continued)
• Employment, opportunity and work
– Number of young people absorbed in
the work place; Number of women
employed
• Security and peace of mind
– Drop in crime rate, drop of intake in
places of safety and prison; Increase of
youth doing civic responsibility,
volunteerism; social capital
strengthened, Community
regeneration; Populous enjoying
effective service delivery
THANK YOU
DANKIE
ENKOSI