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Due Test Day
Flashcards
Muscle group worksheets
(or count your test twice, not
recommended)
• Organize your flashcards into groups
• FRIDAY
• WEAR CLOTHES/SHOES THAT ARE
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Pectoralis Minor
• Origin 3rd to 5th ribs
• Insertion coracoid
process of scapula
• Action Stabilizes
scapula and protracts
• Innervation Medial
pectoral nerves;
Pectoralis Major
• Origin
• Clavicular head: anterior
surface of medial half of
clavicle
Sternocostal head:
anterior surface of
sternum, superior six
costal cartilages
• Insertion intertubercular
groove of humerus
• Action Horizontally
Adducts and internally
rotates humerus;
Deltoid
• Origin Lateral third of
clavicle, acromion, and
spine of scapula
• Insertion Deltoid
tuberosity of humerus
• Action
• Anterior part: flexes
Middle part: abducts arm
Posterior part: extends
• Innervation Axillary
nerve (C5 and C6)
Biceps Brachii
• Origin
• Short head: tip of coracoid
process of scapula
Long head: supraglenoid
tubercle of scapula
• Insertion Tuberosity of radius
and fascia of forearm via
bicipital aponeurosis
• Action Supinates forearm and,
when it is supine, flexes
forearm
• Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5
and C6 )
Brachialis
• Origin Distal half of
anterior surface of
humerus
• Insertion Coronoid
process and tuberosity of
ulna
• Action Major flexor of
forearm -- flexes forearm
in all positions primarily
pronated
• Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
(C5 and C6)
Brachioradialis
• Origin Proximal 2/3 of
lateral supracondyle ridge
of humerus
• Insertion Lateral surface
of distal end of radius
• Action Flexes forearm in
a neutral position
• Innervation Radial nerve
(C5, C6 and C7)
Coracobrachialis
• Origin Tip of coracoid
process of scapula
• Insertion Middle third of
medial surface of
humerus
• Action Helps to flex and
adduct arm
• Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
(C5, C6 and C7)
Trapezius
• Origin base of the
occitpital bone & Spine
• Insertion Lateral third of
clavicle, acromion, and
spine of scapula
• Action superior fibers
elevate, middle fibers
retract, and inferior fibers
depress scapula;
• Innervation Spinal root
of accessory nerve (CN
XI) (motor) and cervical
nerves (C3 and C4) (pain
and proprioception)
Rhomboid Major and Minor
• Origin
• Minor: spinous
processes of C7 and T1
vertebrae
Major: spinous processes
of T2 - T5 vertebrae
• Insertion Medial border
of scapula from level of
spine to inferior angle
• Action Retract scapula
Innervation Dorsal
scapular nerve ( C4 and
C5)
Latissimus Dorsi
• Origin Spinous
processes T7-T12
thoracolumbar fascia,
iliac crest
• Insertion intertubercular
groove of humerus
• Action adducts, and
Internaly rotates
humerus;
• Innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve
Triceps Brachii
• Origin
• Long head: infraglenoid
tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: posterior
surface of humerus,
Medial head: posterior
surface of humerus,
• Insertion Olecranon
process of ulna
• Action
• Chief extensor of elbow
• Long Head extends the
Shoulder
Adductor Brevis
• Origin
• inferior pubic ramus,
• Insertion medial lip of
linea aspera of the
Femur
• Action Adducts the
thigh,
• Innervation obturator
nerve
Gracilis
• Origin pubic symphysis,
inferior ramus of pubis,
• Insertion Pes Anserine
tendon with sartorious
and semitendinosus
(Tibia)
• Action adducts the thigh,
Flexes the knee,
• Innervation Anterior
division of obturator nerve
Pectineus
• Origin Pubic bone
• Insertion Pectineal
line of femur
• Action Adducts the
thigh and flexes the
hip joint
• Innervation Femoral
nerve
Adductor Longus
• Origin Pubic Bone
• Insertion linea
aspera of the femur,
• Action Adducts the
thigh,
• Innervation Anterior
division of obturator
nerve
Adductor Magnus
• Origin Ishial Tuberosity
• Insertion linea aspera,
medial supracondylar
ridge, and adductor
tubercle
• Action Powerful thigh
adductor
• Innervation Posterior
division of obturator nerve
innervates
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Vastus Medialis
• Origin medial lip of
linea aspera of femur
• Insertion Medial
base of quadriceps
tendon
• Action Extends the
knee
• Innervation femoral
nerve
Vastus Intermedius
• Origin Superior 2/3 of
anterior and lateral
surfaces of femur
• Insertion Lateral
border of patella
• Action Extends the
knee
• Innervation femoral
nerve
Vastus Lateralis
• Origin greater
trochanter, of femur
• Insertion Lateral
base and border of
patella;
• Action Extends the
knee
• Innervation femoral
nerve
Rectus Femoris
• Origin anterior
inferior iliac spine
• Insertion Base of
patella to form the
quadriceps femoris
tendon
• Action Extends the
knee & flexes the hip
• Innervation femoral
nerve
Iliopsoas
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Origin (2)
Psoas Major L1 - L5
Iliacus iliac fossa of ilium
Insertion Lesser
trochanter
• Action Flex the hip
• Innervation Psoas from
direct fibers of L1 - L3 of
lumbar plexus; Iliacus
femoral nerve
Gluteus Maximus
• Origin Posterior ilium,
sacrum and coccyx
• Insertion iliotibial band;
also into the gluteal
tuberosity of the femur
• Action Major extensor of
hip joint
• Innervation Inferior
gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Gluteus Medius
• Origin exterior iliac
crest
• Insertion greater
trochanter
• Action Major
abductor of thigh
• Innervation Superior
gluteal nerve (L4, L5,
S1)
Gluteus Minimus
• Origin Dorsal ilium
• Insertion greater
trochanter
• Action Abducts
• Innervation Superior
gluteal nerve (L4, L5,
S1)
Tensor Fascia Lata
• Origin Anterior
superior iliac spine
• Insertion Iliotibial
band
• Action Abducts
Innervation Superior
gluteal nerve (L4, L5,
S1)
Extensor Hallucis Longus
• Origin Anterior
surface of the fibula
Insertion distal
phalanx of great toe
• Action Extends great
toe and dorsiflexes
ankle
• Innervation Deep
peroneal nerve (L4,
L5, S1)
Extensor Digitorum Longus
• Origin Lateral
condyle of fibula,
• Insertion middle and
distal phalanges 2-5
• Action Extend toes
2 - 5 and dorsiflexes
ankle
• Innervation Deep
peroneal nerve (L4,
L5, S1)
Tibialis Anterior
• Origin Lateral condyle of
tibia,
• Insertion 1st cuneiform
and on base of first
metatarsal
• Action Dorsiflexor of
ankle
• Innervation Deep
peroneal nerve (L4, L5,
S1)
Peroneus Brevis
• Origin lateral fibular
surface;
• Insertion Base of 5th
metatarsal base
• Action Everts foot
and weak plantar
flexor
• Innervation
Superficial peroneal
nerve
Peroneus Longus
• Origin Head of fibula,
• Insertion medial
cuneiform and lateral side
of 1st metatarsal base
• Action Everts foot and
weak plantar flexor
• Innervation Superficial
peroneal nerve
Peroneus Tertius
• Origin fibular shaft
surface
• Insertion Dorsal
surface of the base of
the fifth metatarsal
• Action Works with
the extensor
digitorum longus to
dorsiflex and evert
Innervation Deep
peroneal nerve
Gastrocnemius
• Origin
• Medial head medial
femoral condyle;
• Lateral head lateral
femoral condyle
• Insertion the Achilles
tendon, inserting on
calcaneus
• Action Powerful plantar
flexor of ankle
• InnervationTibial nerve
(S1, S2)
Soleus
• Origin Posterior
fibular head & Tibia,
Insertion Achilles
tendon, inserting on
the calcaneal surface
• Action Powerful
plantar flexor of ankle
• Innervation Tibial
nerve (S1, S2)
Plantaris
• Origin lateral
supracondylar line of
distal femur
• Insertion calcaneal
surface, just medial to
Achilles tendon
• Action Plantar flexor of
ankle; also flexes knee
• Innervation Tibial nerve
(L5, S1, S2)
Tibialis Posterior
• Origin Posterior aspect
of interosseous
membrane, medial fibula,
• Insertion 2
• superficial slip navicular
tuberosity
• deeper slip plantar
sufraces of metatarsals 2
- 4 and second cuneiform
• Action Principal invertor
of foot
• Innervation Tibial nerve
(L4, L5)
Flexor Hallucis Longus
• Origin Inferior 2/3 of
posterior surface of fibula,
lower part of interosseous
membrane
• Insertion Plantar surface
of base of distal phalanx
of great toe
• Action Flexes great toe,
inverts the ankle
• Innervation Tibial nerve
(S2, S3) (S2, S3)
Flexor Digitorum Longus
• Origin Posterior surface
of tibia distal to popliteal
line
• Insertion bases of 2nd 5th distal phalanges
• Action Flexes toes 2 - 5;
also helps in plantar
flexion of ankle
• Innervation Tibial nerve
(S2, S3) (S2, S3)
Semitendinosus
• Origin ischial
tuberosity
• Insertion tibia (pes
anserine tendon)
• Action Extends the
hip and flexes the
knee
• Innervation Tibial
nerve
Semimembranosus
• Origin ischial
tuberosity
• Insertion medial tibial
• Action Extends the
hip, flexes the knee
• Innervation Tibial
nerve
Biceps Femoris
• Origins (2)
• Long head ischial
tuberosity;
• short head linea aspera
of femur
• Insertion Fibular head
• Action Flexes the knee
and the long head also
extends the hip joint
• Innervation Long head
by tibial nerve; short
head by common
peroneal nerve
Sartorius
• Origin Anterior superior
iliac spine
• Insertion tibia, with
Gracillis and
Semitendinosus
• Action Flexes and
laterally rotates the hip
joint and flexes the knee
(Hackey Sack)
• Innervation Femoral
nerve
Rectus Abdominis
• Origin Pubis Crest
• Insertion Ribs (5th,
6th, & 7th) Xipoid
Process
• Action Spine
(Lumbar) Flexion
Innervation thoracoabdominal nerves
Transverse abdominis
• Origin inner lip of the
iliac crest
• Insertion
• The muscle ends in front
in a broad aponeurosis,
• Action providing thoracic
and pelvic stability
• Innervation lower
intercostal nerves
Internal oblique
• Origin: Inguinal
ligament, Iliac crest
Insertion: Linea alba,
Xiphoid process and
the inferior ribs.
• Nerve: lower
intercostal nerves
• Action: rotates the
torso on the same
side
External oblique
• Origin: Lower 8 Ribs
• Insertion Iliac crest,
Inguinal Ligament
• Nerve: lower 6
intercostal nerve +
subcostal nerve
• Action: Rotates torso
on the opposite side