REVIEW TERMS FOR AP PSYCHOLOGY TEST – PART II
(or UR)
Definitions must be submitted on or before Tuesday 4/22 (A Day
students) at 2:30 and Wed. 4/23 (B Day students) before 2:30
(Ch. 5 Barron’s) States of Consciousness
Conscious Level
Unconscious Level
Circadian Rhythm
What happens to REM (dream sleep) as night progresses?
What happens to Stage 4 (deep sleep) as night progresses?
What happens during Sleep onset (entering stage 1)
What happens during Stage 2
What happens during Stages 3 and 4
Paradoxical sleep (aka REM or dream sleep)
REM rebound
Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Sleep apnea
Night terrors
Freud’s dream theory
Manifest Content
Latent Content
Activation-Synthesis theory of dreams
Information-processing theory of dreams
Posthypnotic amnesia
Posthypnotic suggestion
Explaining hypnosis through role theory
Explaining Hypnosis through Dissociation theory
Hilgard and the hidden observer (bottom of p. 125)
Psychoactive drugs
Agonists
Antagonists
Tolerance
Withdrawals
Stimulants (definition and examples)
Depressants (definition and examples)
Hallucinogens (aka psychedelics)
Opiates
(Ch. 6 Barron’s) Learning
Classical conditioning
UCS (or US)
UCR (or UR)
CS
CR
Acquisition
Delayed conditioning
Extinction
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Discrimination
Watson/Raynor and “Little Albert Experiment”
Learned taste aversions (Garcia Effect)
Operant conditioning
Thorndike’s law of effect
Skinner box
Reinforcer
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Shaping
Chaining
Primary reinforcers
Secondary reinforcers
Token economy
Partial Reinforcement
FR
VR
FI
VI
Instinctive drift
Observational learning
Tolman’s Latent Learning
Cognitive maps (top of 143)
Insight Learning (Kohler’s Chimpanzees)
(Ch. 7 Barron’s) Cognition
3 Box Information Processing Model
Sensory Memory
Iconic memory
Echoic memory
Selective Attention
What is the capcity for Short-term memory(aka working memory).
Chunking
Mnemonic devices
Long-term memory capacity
Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Procedural memory
Explicit memory
Implicit memory
Levels of Processing Model of memory
Recognition vs. recall
Primacy effect
Recency effect
Serial position effect
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
Flashbulb memories
Mood congruent memory
State dependent memory
Constructed memory
Retroactive interference
Proactive interference
Anterograde Amnesia
Long-term potentiation
Phonemes
Morphemes
Syntax
Babbling stage
One word stage (aka holophrastic stage)
Telegraphic speech
Overgeneralization or overregularization
Skinner’s evidence (Behaviorist) that language acquisition is learned
Language acquisition device
Chomsky’s evidence l(Cognitive) that language acquisition is inborn.
Whorf’s linguistic relativity hypothesis
Prototypes
Algorithms
Heuristics
Availability Heuristics
Representativeness Heuristic
Belief bias
Believe Perserverance
Mental set (aka rigidity)
Functional fixedness
Confirmation bias
Framing
Convergent vs. divergent thinking
Stressor
SRRS
LCU
Seyle’s General Adaptation Syndrome
Effects of perceived control on stress
(Ch. 11 Barron’s) Testing and Intelligence
Oral Stage
Anal stage
Phallic stage
Oedipus Complex (crisis)
Identification
Latency stage
Fixation
anal retentive
Unconscious
Id
Ego
Superego
Why does the ego use defense mechanisms?
Repression
Denial
Displacement
Projection
Reaction Formation
Regression
Rationalization
Sublimation
Horney’s criticism of Freud
Jung and Archetypes (pt. of collective unconscious)
Adler and inferiority motivation
Eyesenck’s nomothetic approach
The Big 5 Personality Traits
Idiographic approach
Allport’s Cardinal dispositions
Temperaments
Somatotype Theory
Reciprocal Determinism (Triadic Reciprocity)
Self-efficacy
Rotter’s Internal vs. External locus of control
Free Will (opposite of determinism)
Self-actualization
Unconditional Positive Regard (Rogers)
Projective Tests (Psychoanalytic)
2 examples of projective tests
Self report inventories
MMPI-2
Barnum Effect
Standardized
Norms
Reliability (same definition applied to research methods)
Split half reliability
Equivalent-form reliability
Test-retest reliability
Valid (same definition applied to research methods)
Content validity
Predictive validity
Achievement vs. aptitude tests
Fluid vs. crystallized intelligence
Spearman’s belief about Intelligence
Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences
Goleman’s EQ
List the 3 aspects of Sternberg’s triarchic theory
Alfred Binet
What was formula for Terman’s Standford-Binet Test
Standardized tests form a normal curve (List 3 statistical facts about this – one
stantistical fact must deal with standard deviation)
Controversy about bias in testing
Heritability
List 2 pieces of evidence that nurture(environment) plays a role in intelligence
List 2 pieces of evidence that nature plays a role in intelligence
(Ch. 8 Barron’s) Motivation, Emotion and Stress
Homeostasis
Primary v. Secondary drives
Drive reduction theory
Arousal theory
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Incentive Theory
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Hypothalamus and hunger
Results if lateral hypothalamus is destroyed and stimulated
Results if ventromedial hypothalamus is destroyed and stimulated
Set-point theory
Metabolic rate
Externals vs. internals
Garcia effect
Bulimia
Anorexia nervosa
4 stages of Sexual response cycle (Masters and Johnson)
Myths about homosexuality
Biological factors of sexual orientation
Extrinsic vs. intrinsic motivation
Theory X vs. Theory Y management style
Approach – Approach conflict
Avoidance – Avoidance conflict
Approach – Avoidance Conflict
Multiple Approach-Avoidance Conflict
James - Lange Theory
Cannon – Bard Theory
Schacter Two Factor Theory
(Ch.10 Barron’s) Personality