Administrative Official Training
INTRODUCTION, OPENING REMARKS
• Questions and Information
• Important References
– www.usswim.org
– www.gaswim.org
– www.gaofficials.webexone.com
Qualities of a Good Official
• Your thoughts . . .
Qualities of a Good Official
• Your thoughts . . .
knowledgeable, consistent, professional,
decisive, calm, humble, cooperative, objective,
fair, positive, respectful, committed, kind,
motivating, unbiased, participates in on-going
training,
QUALITIES OF A GOOD OFFICIAL (CON’T)
• Basic concepts
– Take officiating seriously
– Work regularly at the job
– Be professional in manner & dress
– Uniform
• Navy blue slacks, shorts or skirts (no denim)
• White collared shirt with sleeves
• Rubber-soled white shoes and white socks
Federation Internationale de Natation Amateur
NGB’s
Canadian Swimming,
Australia, Germany, Italy,
Japan, etc. etc. etc.
54 Swim Clubs / 9,154 Athletes
6
GA Certified Officials
(USA-S Non-Athlete Member, Level II Background Check, Athlete Protection Training)
• Referee
– Overall authority and responsibility for the competition
and ensures compliance with all rules
• Starter
– Ensures that all swimmers receive a fair and equitable start
• Stroke and Turn Judge
– Ensures compliance with rules relating to each stroke
during the swim, turns and at finishes
• Administrative Official
– Ensures compliance with administrative rules regarding
entries, timing and order of finish
Other “TEAM” Members
(May or may not be USA-S Non-Athlete members/Certified Officials)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Meet Director
Clerk of Course
ATO
Timer
Hy-Tek Operator
Runner
THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICIAL
• Combination of two roles
– Clerk of Course – putting the swimmers in the
water
– Timing Judge – certifying official times
CLERK OF COURSE
• All the paperwork at the meet before the
swimmers swim
–
–
–
–
–
Meet Entries
Check-in
Seeding
Preparation/distribution of lane timing sheets
Preparation, posting, and distribution of heat sheets
• Role can vary greatly by type of meet, host team,
and LSC practices
– Much of the job is computerized
– Tasks often done by a variety of people who are not
officials
CLERK OF COURSE (CON’T)
• Meets
– Must be sanctioned, approved or observed for times to be
considered official
– Sanctioned
• Meet conducted in conformance with USA Swimming technical
rules in which all must be members of USA-S
– Approved
• Meet conducted in conformance with USA Swimming technical
rules in which both members and non-members of USA-S may
compete
– Observed
• Meet conducted to rules other than USA Swimming technical rules
(High School, NCAA, etc ) where USA certified officials observe
swims for conformance with USA Swimming technical rules .
CLERK OF COURSE - MEETS (CON’T)
• Timed Finals
– One swim, all swimmers ranked by time
• Prelims/Finals
– Swimmers qualify to swim in finals (later in the
day or next day) based on their times in
preliminary heats
CLERK OF COURSE - MEETS (CON’T)
• Other – Found in Meet Announcement
– Type
•
•
•
•
Dual meets
Invitational
Open / Closed meets
Championships
– Entry requirements
• None = open
• By set qualifying time
– ABC, AB, A+, State, Regional, etc.
CLERK OF COURSE – Seeding
Assignment of a heat and lane to each swimmer based on entry times
within an event
• General Principles – Timed Finals
– Heats usually assigned slowest to fastest
– Fastest swimmers compete, head to head, in the last heat
– Fastest swimmers get the “best” water
• Inside lanes (lanes 3 and 4 in a six-lane pool; lanes 4 and 5 in an eightlane pool, etc.)
– Swimmers assigned to lanes in the following order:
• 6-Lane pool: 3-4-2-5-1-6
• 8-Lane pool: 4-5-3-6-2-7-1-8
• 10-Lane pool: 5-6-4-7-3-8-2-9-1-10
– Every heat must be seeded with at least three swimmers
– Times ranked fastest to slowest, with “non-conforming” times
last (short course vs. long course), followed by NT (no time)
Clerk of Course - Seeding (con’t)
• Horizontal seeding (Timed finals)
– Seed slowest to fastest by heat
– Fastest swimmers swim head to head in same heat
EXAMPLE 1: 18 swimmers in a 6 lane pool
Note: A is the fastest swimmer, R is the slowest
Lane
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
R
P
N
M
O
Q
2
L
J
H
G
I
K
3
F
D
B
A
C
E
Clerk of Course - Seeding (con’t)
EXAMPLE 2: 13 swimmers in a 6 lane pool
Note: A is the fastest swimmer, M is the slowest
LANE
6
5
HEAT 1
2
3
F
4
3
2
L
K
M
J
H
G
I
D
B
A
C
1
E
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 1
Seed 13 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; M is the slowest
LANE
8
Heat 1
2
3
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - SeedingExercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 1
Seed 13 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; M is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
Heat 1
2
3
A
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 1
Seed 13 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; M is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
Heat 1
2
3
B
A
C
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 1
Seed 13 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; M is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
2
3
H
F
D
B
A
C
E
G
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 1
Seed 13 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; M is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
Heat 1
2
3
H
F
D
4
3
J
I
B
A
2
C
1
E
G
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 1
Seed 13 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; M is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
Heat 1
2
3
H
F
5
4
3
2
1
L
J
I
K
M
D
B
A
C
E
G
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 2
Seed 18 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; R is the slowest
LANE
8
Heat 1
2
3
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 2
Seed 18 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; R is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
Heat 1
2
3
B
A
C
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 2
Seed 18 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; R is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
2
3
H
F
D
B
A
C
E
G
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 2
Seed 18 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; R is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
2
3
H
F
L
J
I
K
D
B
A
C
E
G
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 2
Seed 18 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; R is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
2
3
H
N
L
J
I
K
M
O
F
D
B
A
C
E
G
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercises
SEEDING EXERCISE 2
Seed 18 swimmers in an 8 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; R is the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
Heat 1
2
3
H
4
3
2
Q
P
R
1
N
L
J
I
K
M
O
F
D
B
A
C
E
G
Clerk of Course - Seeding (con’t)
• General Principles –
Preliminary Heats When Finals are Scheduled
– If there is only one heat, it shall be swum as scheduled during prelims and
finals
– If there are two heats, the fastest swimmer shall be seeded in the second
heat, the next fastest in the first heat, the next fastest in the second heat, next
in the first heat, next in the second heat, next in the first heat, etc.
– Three Heats; The fastest swimmer shall be placed in the third heat, the next
fastest in the second heat, next in the first heat. The fourth fastest swimmer
shall be placed in the third heat, the fifth in the second heat, and the sixth
fastest in the first heat. The seventh fastest in the third heat, etc.
– Four Heats or more; The last three heats of an event shall be seeded in
accordance with the pattern established above. The heat preceding the last
three heats shall consist of the next fastest group of swimmers; the heat
preceding the last four heats will consist of the next fastest group of
swimmers, etc.
– This is commonly referred to as “Vertical or Circle Seeding”
Clerk of Course - Seeding (con’t)
• Vertical, or circular seeding (Prelims)
– Three fastest heats of event
– Fastest swimmers get “best” water
– Remaining heats are seeded horizontally
Clerk of Course - Seeding Examples
SEEDING EXAMPLE 3 (Prelims)
12 swimmers seeded in 6 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; L is the slowest
LANE
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
L
H
D
B
F
J
2
K
G
C
A
E
I
SEEDING EXAMPLE 4
18 swimmers seeded in a 6 lane pool
A is the fastest, R the slowest
LANE
6
Heat 1
2
3
5
4
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Examples
SEEDING EXAMPLE 3 (Prelims)
12 swimmers seeded in 6 lane pool
A is the fastest swimmer; L is the slowest
LANE
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
L
H
D
B
F
J
2
K
G
C
A
E
I
SEEDING EXAMPLE 4 (Prelims)
18 swimmers seeded in a 6 lane pool
A is the fastest, R the slowest
LANE
6
5
4
3
2
1
Heat 1
R
L
F
C
I
O
2
Q
K
E
B
H
N
3
P
J
D
A
G
M
Clerk of Course - Seeding Examples
SEEDING EXAMPLE 5 (Prelims)
26 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, Z the slowest
LANE
8
Heat 1
2
3
4
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Examples
SEEDING EXAMPLE 5 (Prelims)
26 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, Z the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
Heat 1
2
C
3
B
4
A
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Examples
SEEDING EXAMPLE 5 (Prelims)
26 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, Z the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
2
F
C
3
E
B
4
D
A
3
Heat 1
G
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Examples
SEEDING EXAMPLE 5 (Prelims)
26 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, Z the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
R
L
F
C
I
O
U
Heat 1
2
3
W
Q
K
E
B
H
N
T
4
V
P
J
D
A
G
M
S
Clerk of Course - Seeding Examples
SEEDING EXAMPLE 5 (Prelims)
26 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, Z the slowest
LANE
8
7
6
Heat 1
2
5
4
3
Y
X
Z
2
1
R
L
F
C
I
O
U
3
W
Q
K
E
B
H
N
T
4
V
P
J
D
A
G
M
S
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercise
SEEDING EXERCISE #3 (Prelims)
43 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, QQ the slowest for a Prelim
event
(A through Z, AA, BB, CC,etc.)
LANE
Heat 1
2
3
4
5
6
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercise
SEEDING EXERCISE #3 (Prelims)
43 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, QQ the slowest for a Prelim
event
(A through Z, AA, BB, CC,etc.)
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
Heat 1
2
3
4
C
5
B
6
A
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercise
SEEDING EXERCISE #3 (Prelims)
43 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, QQ the slowest for a Prelim
event
(A through Z, AA, BB, CC,etc.)
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
4
F
C
5
E
B
6
D
A
Heat 1
2
3
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercise
SEEDING EXERCISE #3 (Prelims)
43 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, QQ the slowest for a Prelim
event
(A through Z, AA, BB, CC,etc.)
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
4
F
C
I
5
E
B
H
6
D
A
G
Heat 1
2
3
2
1
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercise
SEEDING EXERCISE #3 (Prelims)
43 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, QQ the slowest for a Prelim event
(A through Z, AA, BB, CC,etc.)
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
4
X
R
L
F
C
I
O
U
5
W
Q
K
E
B
H
N
T
6
V
P
J
D
A
G
M
S
Heat 1
2
3
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercise
SEEDING EXERCISE #3 (Prelims)
43 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, QQ the slowest for a Prelim event
(A through Z, AA, BB, CC,etc.)
LANE
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
3
FF
DD
BB
Z
Y
AA
CC
EE
4
X
R
L
F
C
I
O
U
5
W
Q
K
E
B
H
N
T
6
V
P
J
D
A
G
M
S
Heat 1
2
Clerk of Course - Seeding Exercise
SEEDING EXERCISE #3 (Prelims)
43 swimmers seeded in a 8 lane pool
A is the fastest, QQ the slowest for a Prelim event
(A through Z, AA, BB, CC,etc.)
LANE
8
7
6
Heat 1
5
4
3
PP
OO
QQ
2
1
2
NN
LL
JJ
HH
GG
II
KK
MM
3
FF
DD
BB
Z
Y
AA
CC
EE
4
X
R
L
F
C
I
O
U
5
W
Q
K
E
B
H
N
T
6
V
P
J
D
A
G
M
S
Clerk of Course - Seeding (con’t)
• Pre-seeded
– Work generally done in advance by entry chair; heat
sheets, lane timer sheets, check-in sheets, etc.
– The admin official should check to see that paperwork
for recording times is available for each lane
– Lane timing sheets
• Deck-seeded
– Purpose is to determine which swimmers will
compete in an event so that entries can be seeded in
an efficient manner with the minimum number of
heats.
• POSITIVE CHECK-IN Only those swimmers who
check in will be assigned a heat and lane.
Clerk of Course – Positive Check-in
• Advance preparation
– Tables, supplies
– Boards for posting of information/deadlines
– Location that avoids crowding and interference with
the meet
• Prepare listing of swimmers
– Alphabetical (by gender/age group) with notations of
which events swimmers are entered
– “Psych” sheets listing swimmers event by event from
fastest time to slowest
– Usually done by meet entry chair; should be given to
clerk of course with any entry problems duly noted
Clerk of Course – Positive Check-in
• Establish procedure to ensure accurate check-in
– Stay with sheets to oversee and assist younger swimmers
– Don’t allow other swimmers to check in friends; coaches
may check in their swimmers (have them initial)
– Swimmer/Coach report to check-in table and highlight line
with name and events on sheet (make sure entire line is
highlighted); “X” any event swimmer wants to scratch; or
– Swimmer/Coach places initials by name to indicate swim
or fill out “Scratch Sheet”/draw single line through name
and time on sheet
– Proof of unproven times
– Must be able to read check-ins, scratches, and no shows
Clerk of Course – Positive Check-in
• Produce heat sheets and Timers sheets with
heat and lane assignments
– Distribute to deck officials, timing operators,
coaches, timers
– Post in prominent places around pool deck
– Make sure there is a date and time stamp on all
heat sheets generated
Clerk of Course – Time Trials
• Time Trials – Deck Seeded Events
– No positive check-in sheets
– Swimmers report to clerk of course to sign up for
events
– Clerk of Course coordinate with Referee on
heat/lanes assignments
Clerk of Course – Seeding Issues
• Special Seeding
– Fast to Slow
– Circle Seed first four heats slow to fast, remaining fast
to slow alternating men and women
•
•
•
•
•
Scratches
Late check-ins
No shows
Entry problems
When re-seeding an event, NT swimmers and
swimmers with same time will be re-shuffled. If
heat sheets were posted and distributed make
sure coaches are aware. USE DIFFERENT COLORED
PAPER
Timing Judge – Meet Paper Flow
Timing Judge - Times
• Official Time
– No swimmer shall be required to re-swim a race due to equipment
failure, which results in unrecorded or inaccurate time or place
– All times are reported to hundredths (0.00) of a second; digits
representing thousandths shall be dropped with NO ROUNDING
• Performance Requirements
– Official time achieved only in an USA Swimming sanctioned,
approved, or observed competition
• Any heat - including time trials and record attempts
• Swim-off to determine qualifiers or alternates for finals
• Leadoff leg in a relay
• Split time recorded from official start to completion of an initial
distance with a legal finish within a longer event
– Swimmer must finish prescribed distance in the event or
leadoff portion of the relay with no disqualifications
Timing Judge - Times
• Official time for an event or stroke can be achieved only in that
event or stroke, or in an initial distance of that event or stroke
(e.g. a backstroke time must be achieved in a backstroke event
or the backstroke leg of a medley relay)
– Times achieved in freestyle events, regardless of stroke
swum, are recorded as freestyle times
– With the Referee’s knowledge, swimmers with disabilities
may swim shorter distances within a scheduled event
based on equivalent time if requested by the athlete or the
coach. (e.g. swim 50 or 100 during 100 or 200 event)
Timing Judge – Timing Systems
• Timing, Finish Systems
– Automatic
• Clock starts with starter’s signal; stops when swimmer touches
timing pad
– Most common systems:
» Colorado Timing Systems
» Daktronics
» Omega
– Semi-automatic
• Clock starts with starter’s signal; stops when timer depresses
button or plunger when swimmer touches timing pad/pool wall
– Manual
• Watch starts manually by timer at starter’s signal; stops by timer
when swimmer touches timing pad/wall at finish
Timing Judge – Timing Designation
• Primary Timing System: shall determine the
official time of each swimmer unless
comparison of primary with secondary and/or
tertiary system indicates a primary system
malfunction.
– Automatic timing,
– Semi-automatic, with two or three buttons per
lane, each operated by a separate timer
– Manual, with three watches per lane, each
operated by a separate timer
Timing Judge – Timing Designation
(con’t)
• Secondary Timing System:
– If watches are not primary system, need
secondary system equal to or lower than the
primary system
– Stationary overhead video cameras recording 100
images per second (cameras integrated with
primary system)
– Semi-automatic, with one, two or three buttons
per lane, each operated by a separate timer
– Manual, with one, two or three watches per lane,
each operated by a separate timer
Timing Judge – Timing Designation
(con’t)
• Tertiary Timing System:
– Unless primary system is manual watches or
secondary is video integrated with primary system
or includes at least 1 manual watch, at least one
manual watch per lane shall be provided
Timing Judge – Timing Designation
(con’t)
• Except where the primary system consists of watches, each
competition must have at least two timing systems –
primary and secondary
• Secondary and tertiary times are recorded but not used
except to corroborate or correct missing or inaccurate
primary/secondary results
• Official times achieved as stated are valid for all entry time
and recognition program purposes except:
– World
– American
– US Open
Can only be established with automatic timing
systems, a backup camera system, or semi-automatic
system if the automatic system fails
Timing Judge – Determining Official
Times
• Automatic Timing
– When recorded properly, the pad time shall be the official time
• Semi-automatic and manual timing
– If two of the three buttons or watch times agree, that shall be
the time for that timing system
– If all three buttons or watches disagree, the time of the
intermediate button or watch shall be the time for that timing
system
– If only two buttons or watch times are available, the time shall
be the average of those two buttons or watch times. Digits
representing thousandths of a second shall be dropped with no
rounding.
– If only one watch or button is available, the time of that button
or watch shall be the time for that timing system.
Timing Judge – Determining Official
Times (con’t)
• Primary Timing System Malfunction may
have occurred if:
– Difference between the time obtained by the
primary system and the back-up system(s) is
approximately .30 second or greater
– Place judge reports a different order of finish
– It is reported the swimmer missed the pad or had
a soft touch
Timing Judge – Adjusting for Timing
System Differences
• When determined, the back-up time(s) shall be adjusted for the
differences in timing systems and then integrated with accurate
primary times to establish official times
– Never take a good pad time away from a swimmer!!!
• Timing system difference is determined by calculating the
consistent average difference between valid primary and backup
systems used at the meet
• Adjustments in a Nutshell
– Watches close to pad – pad official
– Watches close to button – adjust button
• Pad – Button; Average; Adjust Button Time
– Watches not close to pad or button – adjust average watch
• Pad-Average Watch; Average; Adjust avg watch time
– Late start of timing system
• Average Watch – Pad; average; adjust pad
Timing Judge – Adjusting for Timing
System Differences (con’t)
• Watch the clock start and finishes. Note a late start and late touch.
• Look at the timing system sheets ASAP after the heat. Look for the
following:
– Compare the pad and buttons. Look for the .30 discrepancy. Do not
depend on the “*” on the printout. Look for ties between pad and
button, examine if they occur often.
– Where there is a discrepancy, compare to watch times.
• Adjust using either Meet Manager or manually if computers are not
available
• When an error occurs, try to fix the cause! If you are observing a
malfunction in equipment, bring it to the attention of the person
who can fix it. When it is operator error, speak to the timer, or
notify the referee (determine the flow of information at the
officials’ meeting)
Timing Judge –Timing System Tapes
Colorado
Daktronics
Omega
Colorado
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Example
TIMING ADJUSTMENTS
EVENT #: 36
LANE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
PAD
TIME
HEAT #: 1
BUTTON
TIME AVG
WATCH
TIMES
DELTA
(Pad / Button)
OFFICIAL
TIME
1:10.82
1:10.85
1:10.56
.03
1:10.82
19.15
55.58
55.50
36.69
55.45
40.77
41.00
40.96
.23
40.77
.26
TOTAL
.13
AVERAGE
Across The Deck Place Judging
Across The Deck Place Judging
Place
Lane
Place
Lane
1
5
1
2
4
2
3
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 1 (Lane Adjustment)
• The Timing Equipment Operator informs you that the timing
system indicates a potential malfunction occurred in Event 21,
Heat 4, Lane 5
• Your Timing System consist of fully automatic Primary System,
semi-automatic Secondary System with three button, and
manual Tertiary System of one manual watch.
• When timing malfunction occurs on a lane, the backup time
shall be adjusted by calculating the average difference
between valid primary and valid back-up times of other lanes
in a heat, or if necessary, using times from heats immediately
preceding and/or following the heat.
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 1 (Lane Adjustment)
• Pad times, the calculated button time, and
watch times for all 8 lanes have been recorded
on the Timing Adjustment sheet.
• Calculate the timing adjustment based on
gathered information and determine the
Official time for all 8 lanes
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 1 (Lane Adjustment)
TIMING ADJUSTMENTS
HEAT: 4
EVENT: 21
LANE
PAD
TIME
BUTTON
TIME
WATCH
TIMES
1
52.21
52.23
52.04
2
52.08
52.14
51.95
3
51.05
51.02
50.97
4
51.04
50.98
50.84
5
52.96
52.02
51.97
6
51.45
51.37
51.30
7
52.27
52.23
52.10
8
51.87
51.85
51.86
DELTA
(Pad (-) Button)
9
10
Total
Average
Across The Deck Place Judging
Across The Deck Place Judging
Place
Lane
Place
Lane
1
4
1
2
3
2
3
6
3
4
8
4
5
2
5
6
5
6
7
1
7
8
7
8
9
10
9
10
OFFICIAL
TIME
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 1 (Lane Adjustment)
TIMING ADJUSTMENTS
EVENT: 21
HEAT: 4
Calculated
LANE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
PAD TIME
BUTTON TIME
DELTA
OFFICIAL
(Pad (-) Button)
WATCH TIMES
52.21
52.23
52.04
-.02
52.21
52.08
52.14
51.95
-.06
52.08
51.05
51.02
50.97
.03
51.05
51.04
50.98
50.84
.06
51.04
52.96
52.02
51.97
.94
52.04
51.45
51.37
51.30
.08
51.45
52.27
52.23
52.10
.04
52.27
51.87
51.85
51.86
.02
51.87
TIME
9
10
Total
.15 Diff
Average
Across The Deck Place Judging
Calculated Order of Finish
Place
Lane
Place
Lane
1
4
1
4
2
3
2
3
3
6
3
6
4
8
4
8
5
2
5
5
6
5
6
2
.02
7
1
7
1
8
7
8
7
Correction Factor
9
10
9
10
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 2 (Heat Adjustment)
• The Timing Equipment Operator confirms a late manual
start for Event 27, Heat 1. Due to a lighting strike in the
vicinity of the pool, the timing system failed to start
automatically. The TEO also confirms “good touches” were
recorded at end of race on all lanes.
• Your Timing System consist of fully automatic Primary
System (not valid times due to late manual start); semi-automatic
Secondary System with two buttons (also not valid times) ; and
Tertiary System of one manual watch.
• When a timing malfunction occurs that equally affects all
lanes the times for all lanes shall be adjusted. The system
did however provide a definitive Order of Finish.
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 2 (Heat Adjustment)
• To adjust, calculate the average difference between
primary times and the valid backup times.
• Then add that difference to the primary times for each lane
in that heat to determine each swimmer’s official time.
• Pad and watch times for all lanes have been recorded on
the Timing Adjustment sheet (Next slide) .
• Calculate the timing adjustment based on gathered
information and determine the Official time for all lanes
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 2 (Heat Adjustment)
TIMING ADJUSTMENTS
HEAT: 1
EVENT: 27
BUTTON
TIME
LANE
PAD TIME
WATCH
1
54.62
59.47
2
54.78
59.65
3
53.91
58.84
4
52.96
57.89
5
53.99
58.99
6
54.15
59.07
7
52.92
57.79
8
53.18
57.80
9
53.02
57.75
10
53.78
57.95
DELTA
(Pad / Button)
TIMES
Total
Average
Across The Deck Place Judging
Across The Deck Place Judging
Place
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lane
7
4
9
8
10
3
5
6
1
2
Place
Lane
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
OFFICIAL
TIME
Timing Judge – Timing Adjustments
Exercise # 2 (Heat Adjustment)
TIMING ADJUSTMENTS
EVENT: 27
LANE
PAD TIME
HEAT: 1
BUTTON
TIME
WATCH
DELTA
(Button (-) Pad)
TIMES
OFFICIAL
TIME
1
54.62
59.47
4.85
59.06
2
54.78
59.65
4.87
59.22
3
53.91
58.84
4.93
58.35
4
52.96
57.88
4.92
57.40
5
6
53.99
58.99
5.00
58.43
54.15
59.07
4.92
58.59
7
52.92
57.79
4.67
57.36
8
53.18
57.80
4.62
57.62
9
53.02
57.75
4.73
57.46
10
53.78
57.95
4.93
58.22
Total
Average
Across The Deck Place Judging
Across The Deck Place Judging
Place
Lane
Place
Lane
1
7
1
2
4
2
3
9
3
4
8
4
5
10
5
6
3
6
7
5
7
8
6
8
9
1
9
10
2
10
44.48
4.44
Timing Judge – Order of Finish
• Place and ranking by integration of official times, including those adjust
within the rules
• Ties – official times identical to hundredths shall be ties, with swim-offs as
required to determine qualifiers or alternates for consolation or final heats
– Always be certain to notify the referee when preliminary results show ties to
determine qualifiers or alternates for bonus, consolation, or final heats (e.g. A,
B, C finals)
– In timed finals, results are reported as a tie with both swimmers receiving the
award for that place
• Judging – Place judging shall be used to change the order of finish
produced by the ranking of official times ONLY IF:
– Swimmers competed in same heat
– Times obtained from automatic timing equipment are not available
– Both place judges observed different relative order of finish and made a
written record of their observation at the conclusion of the heat
– All judge’s decisions (JD) must be indicated in the meet results
Timing Judge – Disqualifications
• A swimmer disqualified while swimming an event
does not earn an official time. Rather, a DQ is
designated on the event results.
• The referee may ask the Administrative Official to
keep a DQ log to record all disqualifications.
– Path for forms: usaswimming.org/member
resources/applications and forms OR within meet
manager, go to the reports menu select administrative
and print forms needed under the PDF forms option
Timing Judge – Disqualifications
• Relay Take-Off
Slip
•
D
Q
RELAY TAKE OFF
Event#________
Heat#________
(Circle One)
SIDE - LANE
Swimmer No.
Lane 1
2
3
Lane 2
2
3
Lane 3
2
3
Lane 4
2
3
Lane 5
2
3
Lane 6
2
3
Lane 7
2
3
Lane 8
2
3
Lane 9
2
3
Lane 10
2
3
O = Legal
X = Illegal
Signature _____________________
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
S
l
i
p
Timing Judge – Disqualifications
DISQUALIFICATION REPORT
GA SANCTION No: GA ____ - _____
MEET NAME: ____________________________________________
MEET DATES: ________________________
EVENT
HEAT
LANE
STROKE*
AGE**
#
INFRACTION
Description
* For Individual Medley or Medley Relay, list stroke during which infraction occurred
** Use swimmer's age
OFFICIAL
Timing Adjustment Sheet
TIMING
ADJUSTMENTS
EVENT:
LANE
HEAT:
PAD TIME
BUTTON
TIME
WATCH
TIMES
DELTA
(Pad / Button)
OFFICIAL
TIME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
Average
Across The Deck Place Judging
Across The Deck Place Judging
Place
Lane
Place
Lane
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Timing Adjustment Sheet
TIMING
ADJUSTMENTS
EVENT:
LANE
HEAT:
PAD TIME
BUTTON
TIME
WATCH
TIMES
DELTA
(Pad / Button)
OFFICIAL
TIME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
Average
Across The Deck Place Judging
Across The Deck Place Judging
Place
Lane
Place
Lane
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Timing Adjustment Sheet
TIMING
ADJUSTMENTS
EVENT:
LANE
HEAT:
PAD TIME
BUTTON
TIME
WATCH
TIMES
DELTA
(Pad / Button)
OFFICIAL
TIME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
Average
Across The Deck Place Judging
Across The Deck Place Judging
Place
Lane
Place
Lane
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Reminder
Steps to Becoming an Administrative Official
1. Attend Administrative Officials clinic
2. Complete USA-S Administrative Official Exam
( minimum score of 80%)
3. Become a Non-Athlete Member of USA-S
4. Satisfactorily complete USA-S Level 2
Background Check
5. Complete USA-S on-line Athlete Protection
Training Program
6. Successfully complete Apprenticeship
(5 sessions at minimum of 2 different meets)