New World Beginnings
33,000 B.C.-A.D. 1783
Theme: The first discoverers of America, the
ancestors of the American Indians, were small
bands of hunters who crossed a temporary land
bridge from Siberia and spread across both
North and South America. They evolved a great
variety of cultures ,which ranged from
sophisticated urban civilizations in Mexico and
Central and South America to the largely semi
nomadic societies of North America.
I.
A.
Physical Geography
1.
2.
Mountains create barriers
People followed food
a.
b.
3.
B.
The First Americans
Water features
Beringia (40,000-8000)
Ice Age (2m-10,000)
1st Americans/Amerindians
1.
2.
Sedentary Civilizations
Semi-sedentary “Americans”
a.
b.
c.
3.
Pueblo Indians
Mount Builders
Eastern Indians
Clash of Cultures
a.
Ownership, authority,
religious beliefs, war, slavery
II. The Amazing Race
A. Non-Europeans came but
didn’t stay
B. Vikings came but left no
trace!
C. Fish and spices in demand
D. Europeans colonize
1.
2.
3.
4.
nation-state competition,
new technology, economics,
Christianity
Portuguese Explorers
Spanish Conquistadores
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
III. Spanish Conquest
A. Impact of Spanish
Colonization
1.
2.
3.
“Columbian Exchange
Conquistadors Legacy
NO of “Black Legend” but
rather empire builders
B. Threats to Spanish Control
1.
2.
Encomienda system est.
slavery.
Presidios in CA and FL
a.
b.
c.
d.
English (John Cabot)
Italians (Verrazano)
French (Cartier and LaSalle)
Native Americans, (Pope’s
Rebellion, 1680)