Africa Institute of South Africa
Presentation to the
Science and Technology Portfolio Committee,
Parliament, Cape Town
17 October 2011
by
Prof Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju
Acting Chief Executive Officer
1
Research Geographical Spread for 2011/12
2
AISA’s Vision and Mission
 Vision
An indispensable African voice on African Affairs.
 Mission
To produce relevant research products aimed at informing sustainable
political and socio-economic development in Africa.
 Position Statement
Development Through Knowledge
 Brand Promise
Africa's knowledge resource
3
AISA’s Values
AISA’s Corporate Values are entrenched in the acronym PRIDE:
 Participation;
Responsibility;
Integrity;
Development; and
Excellence
4
Introduction
 AISA is an organ of state governed mainly by:
•
•
AISA Act (Act 68 of 2001)
Public Finance Management Act (Act 1 of 1999)
 AISA’s Current Research Agenda
•
Seeking Solutions for Africa’s Developmental Challenges2011-2015
5
AISA’s Mandate
AISA’s mandate is derived from the AISA act (Act 68 of 2001), which
establishes it as a statutory body aimed to:
 Provide research and policy development support in its pursuit of
programmes that contribute to the development of the African
continent;
 Conduct research and embark on training programmes that foster
continental patriotism and that promote increased awareness
and understanding of the African continent among the peoples of
South Africa and across the globe; and
 Establish and participate in and maintain networks in Africa and
globally which will contribute to the peace development and
prosperity of the continent.
6
AISA’s Objectives
The institute pursues three objectives:
 Promote knowledge and understanding of African affairs through
leading social scientists acting in concert and across various disciplines
and through training and education on African affairs;
 Collect, process and disseminate information on African Affairs, give
effective advice and facilitate appropriate action in relation to the
collective needs, opportunities and challenges of the continent and
 Promote awareness and consciousness of Africa at grassroots level.
7
Divisions within AISA

Research: Structured into 5 units, namely;
•
Peace and Security
•
Sustainable Development
•
Governance and Democracy
•
Science and Technology, and
•
Knowledge Transfer and Skills Development






Publications
Library and Documentation
Outreach and International Liaison
Corporate Affairs
Finance, Administration and Information Technology
Human Resources
8
AISA Management







Dr Matlotleng Matlou – Chief Executive Officer
Prof Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju – Director Research: Natural Sciences
Prof Narnia Bohler-Muller – Director Research: Social Sciences
Mr Solani Ngobeni – Director Publications
Mrs Elsie Maritz – Chief Financial Officer
Mrs Ingrid Canham – HR Manager
Ms Cecilia Sililo-Tshishonga /Ms- Yvette Francis - Corporate Affairs Manager
9
AISA’S ACHIEVEMENTS
IN DELIVERING ON ITS MANDATE
FOR
2011/12
10
11
Research Overview
PEACE &
SECURITY
KNOWLEDGE
TRANSFER &
SKILL
DEVELOPMENT
GORVENANCE
& DEMOCRACY
GIS &
CATOGRAPHY
SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
SPECIAL
PROJECTS
12
Research Publications 2011/12
Monographs,
Occasion and
Technical Papers
4%
Books
2%
Book Chapters
17%
Journal Articles
16%
Policy Briefs
43%
Edited
Proceedings
18%
13
Research Summary of
Targets, Outputs and Outcomes
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Monographs, Occasional & Technical Papers
(Page 30 and 198-199 in the Annual Report)
4
4
Exceeded
Journal Articles
(Page 30 and 198-199 in the Annual Report)
20
15
X
Policy Briefs
(Page 30 and 202-204 in the Annual Report)
24
42
Exceeded
Books published and launched
(Page 30 and 199-201)
2
2
√
Book Chapters Published (Commissioned)
(Page 30 and 199-201)
24
70
Exceeded
14
Research Summary of
Targets, Outputs and Outcomes Continues
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
3
18
Exceeded
Media Interviews
(Page 30 and 213-219 in the Annual Report)
120
145
Exceeded
Conferences, Seminars, Workshops and
Lectures
(Page 30 and 206-213 in the Annual Report)
45
75
√
Edited Proceedings
(Page 30 in the Annual Report)
15
Governance and Democracy
The unit seeks to study and monitor democracy and governance in Africa as
a requirement for Africa’s sustainable development. It has done this in
collaboration with partners that include:
Namibia
China
Canada
Venezuela
Russia
DIRCO –PRAU (Department of International Relations and Cooperation)
IGD (Institute for Global Dialogue
USA
16
Governance and Democracy
Research undertaken in 2011/2013 focused on:
• Investigating if Southern African Customs Union or Southern African Development
Community is the best choice for South Africa foreign policy option towards trade
and development in the region; and
• Assessing the impacts of Strategies for Special Economic Zones in China with the
aim of supporting industrial growth strategy for South Africa.
Research Outputs:
• 8 Journal articles, 1 Book Chapter and 13 policy briefs.
Research Impact:
•Together with the Department of Trade and Industry the unit held a seminar that was
intended to make a direct contribution to the DIT’s SEZ Bill; and
•The unit submitted a report to DIRCO on Russia’s BRICS foreign policy.
17
Peace and Security
The unit seeks to monitor Africa’s Peace and Security developments, in view of
South Africa’s role in peace and security in Africa.
18
Peace and Security
Research undertaken in 2011/2012 focused on:
• Investigating the nation building initiatives in post-conflict Great Lakes region – using
Rwanda as a case study
• How to achieve peace in the midst of conflict. The research studied local peace
building in South Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Research Outputs:
• 3 journal articles and 5 policy briefs
Research Impacts:
•The unit made presentations at UNITAR workshop, which was organised by DIRCO
titled
“Working methods of the united Nations security Council”.
• It also presented lectures at South African National War College and National Defence
Force College.
19
Sustainable Development
The Unit seeks to generate research products that are informative to
South Africa’s sustainable development policy and its African partners:
With a global call for climate smart agriculture and the resuscitation of the
agrarian debate in climate change negotiations it was necessary for the
unit to look at forms of alternative agriculture that may be considered as
sustainable and an alternative to the agro-industrial type of agriculture in
Africa.
20
Sustainable Development
Research undertaken in 2011/2012 focused on:
• Investigating the main drivers for organic agricultural expansion in Uganda with
special focus on the role of the National Organic Agricultural Movement (NOGAMU)
and its development partners Uganda.
Research Outputs:
• 1 Journal articles, 2 book chapters and presentations at national and international
conferences/seminars.
Research Impact
• The unit made a presentation to the Department of Environmental Affairs’ Green
Economy Model.
21
Science and Technology
Guided by the South Africa’s National System of Innovation the Science and technology
Unit seeks to promote South Africa’s influence in Africa through the development and
advancement of Africa’s Science and Technological platforms as a mode for sustainable
development . The unit seeks to achieve this through:
 Supporting initiatives that intend to promote the development of centres of
excellence in science and technology in Africa;
 Promoting the development of frameworks for protection of intellectual property that
has been developed in Africa, particularly the Pan African Organization of Intellectual
Property;
 Facilitating frameworks for technology sharing, transfer and adaptation among and
across African countries, and
 Monitoring the implementation of Science and Technology strategies and agreements
that exist between South Africa and other African countries.
22
Science and Technology
Research Undertaken during 2011/2012 focused on :
• Assessment of the application of food safety standards (ISO 22000 and HACCP) by small and
medium enterprises of South Africa and Mozambique;
• Determining the strength of hydropower potential in relation to climate change within the SADC
Region;
• Comparative assessment of food retail and food purchasing patterns in urban centres of
Johannesburg, Pretoria and Durban.
Research Outputs:
• 1 Book + 15 book chapters, 4 Policy briefs and presentations at three international conferences.
Research Impacts
•The Unit participated at COP17;
•The Unit made substantive input during National consultative seminar on climate change that was
held in parliament;.
•The book “Energy transition in Africa has been made available to the parliament library and is now
used as reference by some parliamentarians.
23
Knowledge Transfer and Skills Development
The unit study trends and models of knowledge transfer and skills development in
Africa. This is done in line with the Department of Science and Technology’s
Human Resource Development Strategy
24
Knowledge Transfer and Skills Development
 Research Undertaken during 2011/2012 focused on :
•
•
Investigating the Educational Philosophy of Nyerere- Curriculum and Content Lessons for
South Africa from Tanzania
Challenges facing women with regard to the production of research outputs in South African
Universities
 Research output
• 2 Journal articles and 5 Policy briefs
 Research Impact
• Together with the Embassy of Jamaica the unit held a seminar on cultural implications of
reggae music in promoting self identity.
• The unit also assisted the universities of Cape town and Fort Hare on the African Studies
debates.
25
GIS & Cartography Unit
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Cartography is a cross cutting unit.
It plays a pivotal role in the support of knowledge creation and understanding of
African affairs.
The adoption of computational analysis as a research tool has inevitably
witnessed the identification of the increasing influence of GIS and Remote
Sensing technologies in monitoring and interpreting the dynamics of different
systems.
The unit is AISA’s research laboratory earmarked to provide a kit of tools for data
collection, collation and analysis in implementing AISA’s Research Agenda.
The unit’s strategic vision is to become an innovative geospatial hub for promoting
excellence, in the production and dissemination of spatial information on Africa.
26
GIS & Cartography
Data collection and collation to support the production of
AISA’s flagship publications
27
Special Projects and Initiatives
AISA’s Flagship Research Projects (also refered to as co-hosted events)
• First Scramble for Africa Conference and Africa Day Expo
• May 2011 – in partnership with DST, TUT, NRF, Statistics South Africa.
• Keynote by late Dani Nabudere, with presenters from SA, African countries as
well as Europe, North America and Asia. (Book published)
 AISA’s Young Graduate and Scholars Programme
• March 2012 – in partnership with UNIVEN and the Guggenheim Foundation.
• This is a platform for emerging African scholars to engage and exchange insights
in the debates pertaining to the challenges faced by African societies.
• Theme Governance and Youth in Africa: Assessing Service Delivery,
Unemployment and Sustainable Development for the 21st Century. Participants
came from across
• Sub-Saharan Africa, including Botswana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa,
Uganda, Zimbabwe and from the University of East Anglia.
(Proceedings being published)
28
Special Projects and Initiatives
• Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture
March 2012 – in partnership with AMRI (Unisa), with speakers Mininister Naledi
Pandor; Prof Mamokgheti Setati; Prof Francis Wilson; Prof Puleng Lenka Bula;
Dr Hlope Bam (Papers being published)
• Campus Lecture Series
University of Limpopo; UNW (Mafikeng); UNIVEN; UFH; WITS and DOD
• AISA – Private Sector Cooperation
14 Seminar Presentations
(see Page 205 Annual Report)
29
Publications
Introduction
The Publications Division is a conduit through which AISA’s research outputs
are disseminated. However it needs to be noted that the division not only
publishes internally generated research outputs but those from external
stakeholders such as South African and African universities and from the
Diaspora. We also co-publish with other like-minded research institutions
such as the Institute for Global Dialogue (IGD).
The Publications Division publishes books, monographs, policy briefs,
occasional papers, as well as an International Bibliography of Social
Sciences (IBSS) listed and South African Department of Higher Education
and Training (DHET) accredited journal, Africa Insight.
30
Publications outputs for the 2011/12
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Publish number of books
(Page 39-41 in the Annual Report)
10
10
√
Publish number of Africa Insight Journals
(See slide 34)
4
4
√
Publish number of Occasional Papers and
Monographs
(Page 44 in the Annual Report)
4
4
√
Policy briefs
(Page 44 in the Annual Report)
15
22
Exceeded
Archie Mafeje Lecture Series Papers
(Page 44) in the Annual Report)
1
2
Exceeded
31
Publications outputs for the 2011/12
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Attending a number of Conferences
(Page 45 in the Annual Report)
4
11
Exceeded
Host a number of book launches and atteding
bookfairs
(Page 46-47 in the Annual Report)
4
4
√
Promotion and Marketing of books
(Conferences,Universities, bookshops and libraries)
(Page 45-47 in the Annual Report)
8
19
Exceeded
32
Publications Results
Books
33
Publications Results
Africa Insight Journal




41(1) June 2011 – published
41(2) September 2011 – published
41(3) December 2011 – published
41(4) March 2010 – published
34
Publications Results
Occasional Papers
 The path to long-term stability in Sierra Leone by
Hany Besada and Ariane Goetz
 Kwame Nkrumah and the complex African
continental agenda: a critical analysis by
Sehlare Makgetlaneng
 South Africa’s strategic partnership with the EU:
illusion or reality by
Chris Landsberg
35
36
Publications Results
Monographs

Archie Mafeje: Scholar, Activist and Thinker by
Dani Nabudere
37
Publications Results
Lecture series


Archie Mafeje: A Pedagogy for Developmental and Liberation
Education in South African Universities
Archie Mafeje: The Challenge of Agrarian Transformation
38
Library and Documentation Services (LDS) Unit
Introduction
The Library and Documentation Services (LDS) Unit is committed to fulfilling the mandate of
the Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA). This is done through the collection, processing, value
adding and preservation of information materials on Africa, in various formats such as hard copy,
electronic, digital and multimedia such as visual and audio.
LDS set the following objectives for the 2011/12 financial year:




Provide efficient and effective services to clients;
Create increased awareness of the AISA mandate;
Expand the LDS holdings; and
Create knowledge, dissemination and preservation of information.
39
Library and Documentation Services (LDS)
Outputs for the 2011/12
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Number of books
55
104
Exceeded
Number of journals
992
610
X
Exchanges
400
339
X
Expanding the Library Collection
(Page 52 of the Annual Report)
The archives stand at 4706 individual volumes.
The total library collection stands on 97,905 volumes.
40
Library and Documentation Services (LDS)
Outputs for the 2011/12 continues
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Digitization of Africa Insight and library materials
4
129
Exceeded
Audiovisual additions
2
9
Exceeded
Subscribe to new database and maintain existing
ones
6
7
Exceeded
Expanding and maintaining the Library Collection
(Page 54-55 in the Annual Report)
41
Library and Documentation Services (LDS)
Outputs for the 2011/12 continues
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Creating an increased awareness of AISA mandate, products and services
(Page 52-55 in the Annual Report)
Number of seminars hosted and consultations
10
13
Exceeded
Number of schools reached : Outreach programme
150
205
Exceeded
Number of learners targeted : Men in the making
campaign (New initiative)
-
27
New
Conduct a numbers of customer surveys
1
1
√
Digitization seminar on the 4th August 2011, sharing information about digitization processes and
open access in Africa. Copyright issues were also discussed.
Hosted Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture with Atteridgeville schools on the 28 March 2012, which
occurred on the same day with the main lecture at UNISA. The main intention was to expose
learners to the life and times of Prof Mafeje in pursuit of promoting Pan African.
42
Library and Documentation Services (LDS)
Outputs for the 2011/12 continues
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Providing efficient and effective services to clients – (Not measured previously)
(Page 52 of the Annual Report)
Articles
400
811
Exceeded
Books
240
264
Exceeded
Photographs
-
95
NM
Maps
-
29
NM
640
1,199
NM
Total number of collection items added
43
Library Users
Academics 10%
Students 1%
Government 7%
Embassy 0%
Corporates 1%
AISA 72%
Individuals 9%
44
Corporate Affairs,
Outreach and International Liaison (OIL)
Introduction
Corporate Affairs is responsible for governance, compliance, branding and
communications issues, whilst being a vital link between the Office of the Chief
Executive Officer (CEO) and various stakeholders of the institution.
The Outreach and International Liaison (OIL), Unit promotes the mandate of AISA to
various stakeholders by forming strategic linkages with government, science councils,
academic institutions, the diplomatic community, business, media and civil society.
45
Corporate Affairs,
Outreach and International Liaison (OIL)
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Increase knowledge resources on African Affairs for stakeholders to access
Host a number of Ambassadorial Forum per annum
10
Exceeded
11
(Page 62-64 in the Annual Report)
Host a number of Conferences per annum
3
√
3
(Page 65-66 in the Annual Report)
Host a number of Seminars per annum
4
Exceeded
13
(Page 67-74 in the Annual Report)
AISA Campus lecture series
4
√
4
(Page 78-80 in the Annual Report)
Active Participation in stakeholder events
7
Exceeded
14
(Page 82 in the Annual Report)
 During the year under review AISA initiated a programme of co-hosting seminars with partners at
different venues across the country to stimulate discourse on African affairs.
46
Corporate Affairs,
Outreach and International Liaison (OIL)
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Increase knowledge resources on African Affairs for stakeholders to access
Media exposure (audio visual and printed media)
120
174
(Page 82 in the Annual Report)
Produce a number of online newsletters
10
11
Conduct a minimum number of surveys with
participants from events
Number of meetings with media houses and event
partners
Participation in a number of book launches
Outcome
Exceeded
Exceeded
1
2
Exceeded
4
6
Exceeded
-
5
New
The Corporate Affairs, Outreach and International Liaison Division initiated an ongoing process of
streamlining and consolidating AISA’s corporate identity to be in uniformity with the brand image of
the institution.
47
Corporate Affairs,
Outreach and International Liaison (OIL)
Number of Appearances by AISA Staff in the Media
21
82
38
Radio
Television
Online
Print
33
48
Corporate Affairs,
Outreach and International Liaison (OIL)
Key Performance indicator
Target
Output
Outcome
Governance (Ensure Governance and Compliance)
(See Council’s Report on pages 118-122 in the Annual Report for further detail)
Number of Council Meetings
4
5
E
Number of Research Committee Meetings
4
4
√
Number of Human Resource and Finance
Committee Meetings
Number of Audit and Risk Management Committee
Meetings
Internal Audit Function
2
3
E
5
6
E
1
√
1
The Council is committed to business integrity, transparency and Professionalism in all its activities.
Council supports the highest standards of corporate governance and the ongoing development of
best practice.
49
Human Resources
Introduction
The Human Resources Division aims to be a value driven division across the organisation. The
strength of AISA is bound to the strength of its employees.
The following aspects in relation to HR functions were covered in the Annual Report:








Organisational building
Employee mix
Diversity, recruitment and retention
Capacity building
Staff development and training
Performance feedback tool and performance awards
Labour matters
Administration
50
Human Resources
Employee related Costs and Training and Development investment

AISA Invested 54% of the MTEF allocation to our labour cost
(including statutory skills-levy contributions and Interns)

Over and above 1 % of this was invested in the training and development of our staff.

We capacitated 8 interns and received 3 interns from NRF during the period.
51
Employment Target Outcomes
Division
Target
Actual
Total
15
Interns/
Admin
Assistants
7
Research
19
Library and Documentation Services
8
6
1
7
Publications
5
4
1
5
CEO/ OIL/CA
7
7
1
8
Human Resources
5
3
1
4
Finance, Administration and IT
16
15
1
16
Total
60
50
12
62
22
52
Employee Age as at 31 March 2012
14%
25%
18-29
61%
30- 44
45+
53
Race Distribution as at 31 March 2012
5%
10%
African
5%
Coloured
80%
Indian
White
54
AISA Scientific Qualifications
Staff Qualification
Number
Race
Gender
Research staff with
PhD degrees
6
6 African
1 Female
5 Males
Registered staff with
Masters degrees
6
5 Africans
1 White
3 Females
3 Males
Staff enrolled for
Masters or PhD
degrees
3
3 African
3 Males
South African /
Non South
African
4 South Africans
2 Non South
Africans
3 South Africans
3 Non South
African
2 South African
1 Non South
African
Current
Previous
Percentage
Year
40%
64%
40%
36%
20%
14%
55
Finance, Administration and
Information Technology
Introduction
The Finance, Administration and Information Technology (IT) Division is a support unit to the
core business of AISA, which is research and publications on African affairs.
The division’s main objective is to assist in managing AISA’s resources and to provide business
facilities and IT infrastructure within the operating environment.
The firm oversight of the Audit Committee during the 2011/12 financial year was once again a
confirmation of its commitment and zero tolerance approach to the overall financial and control
environment of AISA.
56
Finance : Strategic objectives
Finance, Administration and Information Technology Division focused on the
following strategic objectives during the 2010/2011 financial year:
Develop and maintain AISA’s visibility and enhance its profile;
Improve business efficiencies;
Ensure all policies are relevant, clearly outlined and communicated to staff;
Achieve financial management excellence through efficient and effective controls and
processes;
 Liaise with and correct all control environment deficiencies identified by the auditors;
 Ensure that AISA’s budget is utilized effectively in pursuance of its mandate; and
 Assess, monitor and mitigate risks and the impact thereof.




57
High-level summary of strategic objectives
Improve the control
environment,
compliance to
legislation and risk
management
60%
Increase AISA's
visibility and
enhance its profile
25%
Induce a
performance
culture within
AISA
15%
58
Audit Opinions Expressed : 6 years
Audit Opinions received
2011/12
Unqualified
2010/11
Unqualified and Clean
2009/10
Unqualified
2008/09
Unqualified
2007/08
Qualified
2006/07
Disclaimer
59
Re-prioritization efforts and achievements
Sustained efforts were implemented to:
 Reduce the average employee related cost in relation to operational expenditure;
• Result: (Employee related cost decreased from 60% to 53% over a 4 year period)
 Efforts to strengthen budget systems and monitor utilisation of expenditure more effectively;
• Result: (Accumulated surplus funds reduced from R14,825 million to R6,693 over a 4 year period)
 Increase research budget through prioritization of research projects in relation to overall
budget;
• Result: (Increase from 7% to 10% over a 4 year period)
 Increase revenue base through alternative funding other than government grant (excluding
interest);
• Result: (Increase from 2% to 8% over a 4 year period)
60
Financial Performance
 AISA ended the financial year with a surplus of R1,490 million (Deficit R4,587: 2010/11).
The deficit for the prior year derived as a result of the de-recognition of the pension fund
surplus when the fund was converted from a defined benefit to a defined contribution fund.
(Statement of Financial Performance : Page 123 in the Annual Report)
 Although AISA ended the 2011/12 financial year with an accumulated surplus of R6,993
million, it must be emphasized that the financial statements have been prepared on an
accrual basis of accounting and are in accordance with historical cost convention which
differs from cash basis of accounting.
(Statement of Financial Position : Page 123 in the Annual Report).
 Included in the accumulated surplus is the surplus funds from the prior year to the amount of
R2,323 million.
61
Financial Performance Continues
 It must be noted that contingent liabilities is not included and could further impact negatively on the
accumulated.
(Contingent liabilities : Page 145-146 in the Annual Report).
 Total income generated for the 2011/12 financial year amounted to R34,850 million (R32,669 million :
2011/12).
 93,1% (93,6% : 2011/12) of Total Income generated, comprised of the grant received from the
Department of Science and Technology.
 Total expenditure amounted to R33,360 million (R37,256: 2011/12). 54% (49% : 2009/10) of the
expenditures incurred refers to employee related costs.
 Non-current assets decreased from R4,063 million to R3,629 million. The decrease is as a result the
decrease in asset value of property, plant, equipment and intangible assets.
62
Financial Performance Continues
 Current assets increased from R5,704 million to R7,514 million. The increase can be attributed to an
increase in Cash and cash equivalents.
 Non-current liabilities decreased from R4,266 million to R4,150 million from the prior year. The decrease
refers to a decrease in the post-retirement medical aid obligation.
 Trade and other payables increased from R2,381 million to R2,547 million at year end.
(Statement of Financial Position : Page 123 in the Annual Report)
 AISA was solvent at year end with total assets less current liabilities at R6,993 million. In terms of
liquidity, the Institution is liquid with the current ratio at 2,7 : 1 (2010/11 - 2,3 : 1) which means that for
every R1 of current liabilities the entity has R2,69 (2010/11 : R2,29) of assets to cover its liabilities.
(Page 149 in the Annual Report under liquidity risk)
63
Budget utilisation
 AISA managed to utilise their budget more effectively and efficiently during the 2011/12 financial year.
 Although income generated reflects a 6% variance (2010/11 : 5%) on the overall actuals, it must be
noted that income to the amount of R574 thousand (R1,081 : 2010/11) was carried forward for
committed projects not completed at year end. (See note 22).
 Expenditure reflects a 12% variance (2010/11 : 12%). The variance can be attributed to employeerelated costs as a result of the Executive Director post that was frozen and vacant positions during the
2011/12 financial year.
 The overall variance in budget reflected is 7% (2010/11 : 13%).
(For more detail please refer to Page153-154 in the Annual Report)
64
THANK YOU
65