Biology Final Exam
Review
Which types of cells contain both
mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Plant Cells
Out of the four labeled structures, which
structure is found in both prokaryotes
and eukaryotes?
Ribosomes
Complete the statement.
Photosynthesis occurs only in cells
with chlorophyll, while cellular
respiration occurs in __________.

All cells (plant and animal)
Is this cell a prokaryote or
eukaryote? Why?
Eukaryote.
It has membrane-bound organelles.
Nitrogen affects the growth of plants. If there
wasn’t much nitrogen available to plants,
what would happen to the plant and in turn
to the amount of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere?

Less carbon dioxide is removed from the
atmosphere by plants because they aren’t
able to grow without as much nitrogen.
During the processes of respiration and
photosythesis in plant cells, what are the three
primary elements that cycle between the
mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen
The maintenance of a stable
internal environment is called…
Homeostasis
 Examples:

 Sweating
 Shivering
 Wolves/dogs
panting after a chase. This helps
them cool down.
Why has the amount of carbon
dioxide increased over the last 100
years?

Use of fossil fuels by humans
 Car
 Factories
Moving substances against the
concentration gradient from lower to higher
concentration is called…
 Active Transport
Besides chloroplasts, which other
organelle provides evidence of the
endosymbiotic theory?

Mitochondria
Plants have a waxy coating on their
leaves. Which of the four types of
macromolecules is wax?
 Lipid
If an arctic hare (rabbit) eats sedge (a
grass-like plant), which is the producer and
which is the consumer?
Arctic Hare (Consumer)
 Sedge (Producers

The organelle called the ______
digests molecules.

Lysosome
What would happen to the water
cycle without solar energy (the
sun)?

The water cycle would not occur.
Tapeworms are sometimes found in the
small intestines of sheep. A tapeworm
attaches to the intestinal wall using suckers
and then absorbs nutrients from the
sheep's intestine. Tapeworms are an
example of _________.
 Parasitism
What would happen to wolves
(predators) if the population of
deer (prey) decreases?
 The
predator/wolf population
would decrease over time.
The monomer of carbohydrates is
___________.
 Monosaccharides
Amylase, a protein (enzyme) is
produced by what part of the cell?
Ribosome
List the two parts of a virus.
Protein
coat and genetic
material (DNA/RNA).
The part of a plant cell that gives it
its rigid structure is called the…
Cell
Wall
The process that animals use to
convert energy from food into
ATP is called…
 Cellular
Respiration
Which processes releases oxygen
back into an ecosystem?
 Photosynthesis
(by plants)
The variety of species on Earth is
called…
Biodiversity
Starch is a carbohydrate. When
starch is broken down, the
carbohydrate becomes it monomer
called…
A
Monosaccharide
Which element is common to all
living things?
 Carbon
The movement of molecules across
a membrane with the use of energy
is called…
 Active
Transport
Which process moves materials
from a higher to lower
concentration?

Diffusion (passive transport)
The process by which a cell takes
in liquids is called…
 Pinocytosis
When a solution has a higher
concentration of solutes than inside
a cell (causing water to leave the
cell) it is called a _______ solution.
 Hypertonic
In which organelle does cellular
respiration occur?
 Mitochondria
When molecules move from lower
to higher concentration, it is called
_________ transport.
 Active
Which process involves molecules
moving from high to low
concentration with the help of
carrier proteins?

Facilitated Diffusion
When water moves into the cell
causing it to swell, it is called a
_______ solution?
 Hypotonic
When water leaves the cell
causing it to shrink, it is called a
_______ solution.
 Hypertonic
Which process allows fish and
humans to use their gills and lungs
to obtain oxygen for their cells?
 Diffusion
Write the equation for cellular
respiration (which happens in both
plants and animals).

Glucose + Oxygen  Water and Carbon Dioxide
During photosynthesis, plants
produce large amounts of oxygen.
Which molecule is split apart to
produce that oxygen?
 Water
(H20)
Write the equation for
photosynthesis.

Carbon dioxide + Water  Glucose + Oxygen
List a product of cellular respiration
that is a reactant of photosynthesis.
Carbon
Dioxide
Which product of photosynthesis is
used as an energy source for all
living organisms?
 Glucose
During photosynthesis, light energy
is turned into _______ energy and
then into useable energy.
 Chemical
Which type of macromolecule is
affected by temperature and pH.
Hint: An example of this type are
enzymes.
Proteins
 Protein shape is affected by temperature
and pH.
