THURSDAY 2-12-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
WHAT ARE GENES?
ENTRY TASK:
• WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT:
•
•
•
•
•
•
GENES
DNA
GENE THERAPY
CANCER
CYSTIC FIBROSIS
PROTEIN
HOW ARE THESE TERMS RELATED?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• INTRO TO GENETICS
• DNA AND CELL DIVISION UNIT
• 10 YEARS OF GENOME RESEARCH AND GENETIC DISEASES
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=FGQ-XOYORWY
• 60:00
FRIDAY 2-13-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE
ENTRY TASK:
• WHAT ARE THE FOUR BASES PRESENT IN THE DNA MOLECULE? LOOK AT
PAGE 345 – FIGURE 12-5 AND TRANSFER THE DIAGRAM TO YOUR JOURNAL
1ST ELODEA
4TH HEARTS
PLAN OF THE DAY
• CHECK YOUR TEST RESULTS FOR CHAPS. 8 & 9
• INTRO TO GENETICS
• DNA AND CELL DIVISION UNIT
• 10 YEARS OF GENOME RESEARCH AND GENETIC DISEASES
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=FGQ-XOYORWY
• 60:00
TUESDAY 2-17-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE
ENTRY TASK:
WHAT WOULD BE THE MATCHING DNA STRAND THAT
WOULD PAIR WITH THIS SEQUENCE OF BASES?
ATAATTGCGGATTC
PLAN OF THE DAY
• DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
• CRASH COURSE ON DNA
• BRAINSTORM WITH PARTNER ON WHAT MATERIALS TO BRING FOR
DNA MODEL
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=RW7XU7DURG4
53:00
• HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM/?GWS_RD=SSL#Q=DNA+CRASH+COURSE
13:00
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=5QSRMEIWSUC
• 8:00 REPLICATION WITH THE AMOEBA SISTERS
 The basic unit of the DNA molecule is
called:
NUCLEOTIDE
A NUCLEOTIDE in DNA has three parts:
 A ring-shaped sugar called deoxyribose
 A phosphate group
 A nitrogenous base (single or double ring of
carbon and nitrogen atoms)
Nucleotide monomers
join together by
covalent bonds
between the sugar of
one nucleotide and the
phosphate of the next,
forming a sugarphosphate backbone.
Nitrogenous Bases
The bases pair up (A-T
& G-C) forming the
DOUBLE HELIX first
described by Watson
and Crick
Watson, Crick and
Franklin
Various ways to model DNA
structure
•http://www.umass.edu/molvis/tutorials/dna/dnapairs.htm
manipulate DNA
WEDNESDAY 2-18-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE
ENTRY TASK:
DNA GOES THROUGH THE PROCESS OF REPLICATION
(DUPLICATION) IN OUR CELLS. WHY DO YOU THINK THIS
PROCESS IS NECESSARY?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• WORK WITH YOURSELF OR WITH YOUR PARTNER TO BUILD YOUR 3D
DNA MODEL
• IF YOU DID NOT BRING MATERIALS FOR YOUR OWN MODEL, GET
THE HANDOUT TO DO THE FLAT DNA MODEL
• IF FINISHED, READ AND TAKE NOTES OF SECTION 12.3 (PP 350-351)
IN YOUR NOTEBOOK (DUE FRIDAY 19)
DNA MODELS
PAPER MODELS
• HTTP://WWW.GOV.MB.CA/CONSERVATION/SUSTAIN/DNADONE.PDF
• HTTP://WWW.MYSCIENCEBOX.ORG/BOOK/EXPORT/HTML/347
• HTTP://WWW.ALDER.K12.OH.US/USERFILES/251/CLASSES/2831/DNAMODELPARTSFORYOURPRESE
NTATION.PDF
ORIGAMI DNA
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=LEJF0F1JTUQ
• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/GUIDE.HTML
• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/PDF/ORI_COLOR.PDF
• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/PDF/ORIGAMI_INST.PDF
• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/PDF/ORI_BW.PDF
THURSDAY 2-19-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE
ENTRY TASK:
GET YOUR DNA MODELS READY. IN 20 MINUTES WE WILL
START PRESENTATIONS
PLAN OF THE DAY
• FINISH LAST TOUCHES OF YOUR DNA MODEL AND PRESENT IT TO
YOUR CLASSMATES
• IF FINISHED, READ AND TAKE NOTES OF SECTION 12.3 (PP 350-351)
IN YOUR NOTEBOOK (DUE FRIDAY 20)
FRIDAY 2-20-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
DNA REPLICATION PROCESS
ENTRY TASK:
NAME TWO OF THE ENZYMES INVOLVED IN THE DNA
REPLICATION PROCESS AND THEIR FUNCTION
PLAN OF THE DAY
• LAST PRESENTATIONS OF DNA MODEL
• REPLICATION NOTES
• REPLICATION PRACTICE WITH WHITE BOARD
• CREATING A DNA REPLICATION SKIT WITH THE ENTIRE CLASS
Why does DNA need to be
replicated?
Growth – new cells - reproduction
How does this process
happen?
REPLICATION IN 3 STEPS
 DNA
replication
results in two
new DNA
molecules,
each
containing
one new
strand
(yellow) and
one original
strand (blue)
 Weak bonds
 Hydrogen bonds
 Comes apart
easily
 Comes together
easily
Overview of DNA
replication
 DNA separates
 Complementary
nucleotides are
linked along
separated strands
initiate
 Initiator protein
guides
unzipper
protein
(helicase) to
correct position
on DNA
untwister
 Untwister
(topoisomerase)
unwinds the
DNA double
helix in advance
of the unzipper
unzip
• Unzipper
separates
DNA strands,
breaking
weak bonds
between the
nucleotides
assemble
• Builders
(polymerases)
assemble new
DNA strand by
joining
nucleotides to
their matching
complements on
the exposed
strands
straightners
 Straighteners
(single-strand
DNA binding
proteins)
keep single
strand of
DNA from
tangling
Phosphate provides
energy
• Phosphate bond
energy from the
new nucleotides
is used to make
the new bonds
Leading vs. Lagging
strand
 Leading (top)
strand is built
continuously as
the builder
follows behind
the unzipper,
but the Lagging
(lower) strand
builds in the
opposite
direction
Lagging strand
 Lagging
(lower)
builder
makes a
loop with the
DNA strand
and builds in
opposite
direction
Lagging strand
 Built in small
sections
 Sections
linked by
enzyme ligase
Repairs of DNA
 Erasers (Repair
Nuclease): find
poorly matched
or damaged
nucleotides and
cut them out
Repairs of DNA
 Builders
(Polymerase):
fill gaps using
other DNA
strand as a
guide
Repairs of DNA
 Stitchers
(Ligase): uses
ATP to restore
continuity of
backbone of
repaired strand
Big picture of DNA
replication
Replication review
REPLICATION IN 3 STEPS
 DNA
replication
results in
two DNA
molecules,
each with
one new
strand
(yellow)
and one
old strand
(blue)
DNA replication animations
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jtmO
ZaIvS0
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW3qZ
F9cLIA
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNW_
ykH3AvA
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hC_8y
8fNkCw
TED talk – DNA replication –
Chromosomes- malaria
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMPX
u6GF18M
 Timing of replication article:
 http://hms.harvard.edu/news/marchingour-own-sequences