Respiration
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What is RESPIRATION?
Lung animation
Definition- the exchange of CO2 and O2 AND it’s also
the production of energy (ATP)
• (it’s NOT just “breathing”. It is also the
release of energy by our cells!)
•it allows exchange of outside air and our
circulatory system (blood transport)
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Cellular Respiration Formula
Oxygen + food
O2 + glucose
ATP (energy) + carbon dioxide + water
ATP
(Reactants)
+
CO2
+ H2O
(Products)
FORMULA MEANING: The body takes in O2 and food (glucose) to
produce ATP (energy). The body then gives off CO2 and H2O as waste
The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM must work with the
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM so that the oxygen can be transported
to cells and CO2 can be taken away from cells!
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Where does respiration
happen?
In the mitochondria of ALL plant & animal cells!
Remember they are the “powerhouse” of the cell!
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Two Types of Respiration
Aerobic
Uses oxygen to
release energy
from food
(36 ATP)
vs.
Anaerobic
Does not use
oxygen to release
energy (2 ATP);
AKA fermentation, lactic
acid production
Ex. Yeast,
bacteria,
human muscle
Ex. Fish,
humans,
dogs
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More on anaerobic
respiration……
Depending on what type of organism you are, you
create different products after respiring in the
absence of oxygen. If you are a:
human cell,
you produce 2 ATP and lactic acid (makes your
muscles burn)
glucose
lactic acid + 2ATP
bacteria cell used in making cheese & yogurt,
you produce 2 ATP and CO2 and H2O
glucose
CO2 +H2O+ 2ATP
yeast cell used in baking and brewing,
you produce 2 ATP and CO2 and alcohol
glucose
GLUCOSE SONG
alcohol + CO2+ 2ATP
HUMAN RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
Part
Function
Nostril
Where air (O2) enters;CO2 leaves
Nasal Cavity
Area behind our nose; warms,
moistens, and cleans air
Pharynx
Back of throat
Larynx
voicebox
Epiglottis
Flap of skin that covers windpipe so
food does not enter lungs
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HUMAN RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
Part
Trachea
Bronchi
Function
•Windpipe
• leads to lungs
•covered with cartilage rings
•lined with cilia
2 tubes that connect to trachea to the lungs
Bronchioles smaller branches of bronchi
end in air sacs/alveoli
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HUMAN RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
Part
Alveoli
Lungs
Function
Air sacs where O2 and CO2 are exchanged
with capillaries and the blood stream;
600 million in the average adult
organs of breathing where gas exchange
occurs
Diaphragm •muscle under lungs that controls lungs
expanding & contracting
•pulls O2 in and pumps CO2 out
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Resp. sys. animation
Nose
Mouth
Pharynx
Epiglottis (flap)
Trachea
Lung
Bronchi
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Diaphragm
Alveoli
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Respiration Diagram Labels
Nasal Cavity/sinuses
Lung Model
Long straw
(trachea)
Y-Straws
(Bronchi)
Balloon
(lungs)
Rubber sheet
(diaphragm)
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How does the Body Regulate
the Rate of Respiration?
How do our bodies know when to breathe faster or
slower?
Our Medulla! (in our brains), it detects the amount of
CO2 in our blood
- As CO2 levels increase, breathing rate increases
Medulla
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Comparison of
Inhale/Exhale
ribs
diaphragm
oxygen
Inhale
Exhale
expand
collapse
moves
down
moves
up
increases
decreases
carbon dioxide
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Lung/Diaphragm
Animation
link
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Respiratory Homeostasis
Disorders
1. Emphysema: lung cells do not receive enough
O2 because alveoli are damaged (stretched out)
(leads to decreased lung capacity)
caused by smoking,air pollution
2. Bronchitis : infection of the respiratory tract;
results in an increase in mucus in bronchial
tubes, swelling, inflammation of the bronchial
tubes, coughing, difficult breathing
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Respiratory Homeostasis
Disorders
3. Pneumonia: viral or bacterial infection of
lungs that causes them to fill with pus and fluid
4. Asthma: bronchi spasms that cause difficulty
breathing; constricted blood vessels in air
passageways usually caused by allergies
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Stop Smoking Ad
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Stop Smoking Ad
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