Chapter 4
Lesson 2
Early Settlers (pages 142-143)
Interior plains:
• Assiniboines and Blackfoot hunted the buffalo.
They used all parts of the buffalo for tools ,
weapons, clothing and shelters.
Western Canada:
• Haidas and Nootkas relied on the ocean and
the thick woods for their resources. They built
dugout canoes and their shelters from trees.
Northern Canadian Shield:
• The Chipewyans and Crees lived very harsh
lives hunting small game animals. Too cold to
farm
Arctic Islands region:
• Inuit lived in earth house sor animal skin
tents. Their tools, weapons came from scarce
natural resources that came from bones ,
antlers, horns and teeth.
French and British
Pages 144-145
• 1497 Giovanni Gaboto claimed
Newfoundland for the British.
• 1535 Jacques Cartier sailed up the St
Lawrence River and claimed it for
France. He called it Canada based on
the Iroquois word Kanata – which
means Groups of Huts.
• 1754-1763 French and Indian War.
French and Indians vs. British. British
won and renamed New France to
Quebec. Also agreed to a peace treaty
called the Quebec Act- which allowed
French to keep their personal rights
• This angered the American Coloniesthinking that the British gave more rights
to the French than the British citizen in
the 13 colonies.
Becoming a Nation
(pages 146-147)
• Canada Day – July 1-similar to
Independence Day in USA
• Canada grew due to British settlers
and Loyalists from the colonies (USA)
• 1784 the British gave the loyalists
half of Nova Scotia and named it
New Brunswick
• 1791 British separated into two coloniesupper part was mostly British called Ontario
and the lower part was mostly French and
became Quebec.
• July 1, 1867 A law- The British North American
Act-A single government called Canada was
formed. Canada became a Dominion. Not
totally free, England still had some control
• 1869 Rupert’s Land was purchased
( Manitoba, Alberta, and Saskatchewan )
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1871 British Columbia
1873 Prince Edward Island
1949 Newfoundland
1964 National flag
1982 Total IndependenceConstitution Act- included a new bill
of rights called The Charter of Rights
and Freedom