WWW & Internet Technologies
for Biomedical Applications
Aman Shakya, PhD
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Electronics and Computer Engineering
IOE, Pulchowk Campus
Outline

Internet and the Web
Bio-Medical Web Applications
 Bio-Medical Online Resources
 Bio-Medical Mobile Apps

Social Web applications
 Information sharing with Open Data

Internet and the Web

What is the Net?
Cyber
Internet
Online
Web
Net
Cloud
Apps ?
WWW
Facebook ?
Google ?
What’s the Internet: : “nuts and bolts” view

Millions of connected
computing devices: hosts, endsystems
◦ pc’s workstations, servers
router
server
workstation
mobile
local ISP
◦ PDA’s phones, toasters
running network apps
 communication links
regional ISP
◦ fiber, copper, radio, satellite
routers: forward packets
(chunks) of data thru network
 Internet: “network of networks”

company
network
4
A closer look at network structure:


network edge:
applications and hosts
network core:
◦ routers
◦ network of networks

access networks, physical
media
◦ communication links
5
The Network Core


Mesh of interconnected
routers
How is data transferred
through net?
◦ packet-switching: data sent
thru net in discrete
“chunks”
6
The network edge:

end systems (hosts):
◦ run application programs
◦ e.g., WWW, email
◦ at “edge of network”

client/server model
◦ client host requests, receives service
from server
◦ e.g., WWW client (browser)/ server;
email client/server

peer-peer model:
◦ host interaction symmetric
◦ e.g.: teleconferencing, torrent, napster
7
Internet protocol stack

application: supporting network
applications
◦ FTP, SMTP, HTTP

transport: host-host data transfer
◦ TCP, UDP

network: routing of data packets from
source to destination
◦ IP, routing protocols

link: data transfer between neighboring
network elements
application
transport
network
link
physical
◦ PPP, ethernet

physical: bits “on the wire”
8
The Web
runs on the Internet
An Internet application
(an application layer software)
9
WWW (Web)… is
A large-scale, on-line repository of
information that users can search using
interactive application program called a
browser
Interactive program that permits a user
to view multimedia information as a
Web document, including hyperlinks to
other Web documents
10
World Wide Web (WWW)

An Application that runs on the Internet

A Global network of web documents
◦ Web Documents (HTML)
◦ Located by URLs
◦ Hyperlinks

Inventor of the Web
◦ Sir Tim Berners-Lee
(1990)
(but Internet dates back to 1960’s)
11
A Snapshot of the
WWW
(just 20 yrs old!)
12/24/2011
IT Conf. 2011, SOCIT Innovations
12
What happens when you click a Link ?
You get a Web page … simple
 That simple ??


Lets watch a Movie !
Warriors of the Net
Bio-Medical Web Applications

Web Technologies
◦ For Bio-Medical Applications
Online Resources
 Online Software and Services

Biomedical Search Engine
Bio-Medical Web Technologies

WIRM (Web Interfacing Repository Manager)
◦ Application server for developing web information systems
◦ Interfaces for visualizing, integrating and analyzing
heterogeneous multimedia data

WIRM in action
◦ MyPACS:A medical image management system for
radiologists.
◦ Brain Mapper:An experiment management system for
neuroscience research laboratories.
◦ Ontolog:A navigation interface for hierarchical structured
vocabularies.
◦ Digital Anatomist Repository:An image archiving system for
medical schools.
◦ Fathom: tools for facilitating natural language processing of
clinical reports.
Free CMMS
(Computerized Maintenance Management System )
Healthcare EAM
(Enterprise Asset Management)
Online Bio-Medical Resources
Library collections
 Databases
 Catalogs
 Taxonomies
 Search engines
 Online services

Mobiles and Tablet devices
Nepali App
What is Web 2.0?

Web 2.0 involves User Participation



A Social Web
User-generated contents
Harness Collective Intelligence

Rich Internet applications (RIA)
◦ Rich user experience
• Web services, Mash-ups
 RSS, Google maps, multimedia embedding, etc
Blogs
Wiki
Wikis
Social Networking
Social Media – multimedia sharing
Social Bookmarking
Tagging - folksonomy
Tag Cloud
52
Information Sharing

Information Sharing
◦ Information publishing
◦ Understandable meaning
◦ Information dissemination

Shared information
◦ Better utilization  Increased value

Shared information put together
◦ Valuable knowledge
56
Open Data on the Web
•
Open Data
• Anyone is free to use, reuse, and
redistribute
•
Linked Open Data (LOD)
• Publishing and interlinking structured data
• on the WWW
• http://linkeddata.org/
57
Linked Open Data Rating
(Berners-Lee, 2010)
★ - Available on the web (whatever format), but with
an open licence
★★ - Available as machine-readable structured data
(e.g. excel instead of image scan of a table)
★★★ - Non-proprietary format (e.g. CSV instead of excel)
- All the above plus, Use open standards from W3C
★★★★ (RDF) to identify things
- All the above, plus: Link your data to other people’s
★★★★★ data
58
http://www.data.gov
59
APPS SHOWCASE
60
2010
Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/
63
Thank You!
Enjoy your work
 Enjoy the Web !
