Rome and Review Study Guide
March 28th, 2014
Rome and Review Study Guide
1. Historical records such as documents and
artifacts that come from the time being
studied. -Examples: land deeds, written
speeches, military orders, letters, and
blueprints
2. Climate, Asia
3. Neolithic
4. Neolithic
5. Hunter-gatherers societies
Invented first tools, weapons
Nomadic (Migrated in search of food/water/shelter)
Lived in Clans: small groups
Developed oral language
Created “Cave Art”
– Use of Fire and Developed of Agriculture
• Domesticated Animals Uses of
– Made Pottery
– Developed weaving skills
advance tools
6. Paleolithic
7. Animal Migration
8. Though migration, trade and warfare
9. They were great sailors who traded
several goods including glass and lumber
Phoenicians settled along the Mediterranean
coast (part of Fertile Crescent in Southwest
Asia).
10. Political Maps: maps that show humanmade features, such as national boundaries,
cities, and roads
Physical Maps: maps that show natural features
such as landforms, elevation, and bodies of
water.
11. A group of people that settled between the
Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River Valley
(part of Fertile Crescent in Southwest Asia).
12. On the Italian peninsula near the
Mediterranean Basin
13. The Alps and Mediterranean Sea
14. Portions of Asia, Africa and Europe
15. Greek Polytheistic Religion and from western
civilizations though art, literature and
Architecture
16. Though Natural phenomena, human
qualities and life events
17. Zeus/Jupiter= Chief god, god of the sky and
weather, Hera/Juno= goddess of Marriage,
Apollo/Apollo=god of the sun, prophesy, music,
Artemis/Diana= goddess of wild creatures and
the hunt, Athena/Minerva= goddess of wisdom,
Aphropite/Venus=goddess of love, beauty and
fertility
18. Women, slaves, Patricians and Plebeians
19.Rich=Patricians Middle Class=Plebeians
20. Vote, Pay taxes and serve in the military
21.Assembly was the Plebeians Assembly, they
voted in laws, elected the consuls and other
government officials and the Senate was the
Patricians Assembly, propose and approve
laws, direct money and foreign policy create
projects for construction.
22.They were senators who served one year
terms who could veto each other out, ran the
government and controlled the military
23.Established the idea that ALL free citizens
patricians and plebeians had the right to
protection of the law
24. 264-146 B.C, Carthage
25. Rome and Carthage were in competition for
trade.
26.Hannibal
27. The destruction of Carthage Rome domination over the
Western Med, Leading to the diffusion of Roman Culture, Expanded
trade and wealth for Rome
• 28. Africa, Asia, Europe, including the Hellenic world
Eastern Med
• Western Europe (Gaul, British Isles)
29. Spread of slavery in the agricultural system, Migration
of small farmers in the cities causing unemployment, Civil
War over the power of Julius Caesar
Devaluation of Roman currency: inflation
30. Crassus, Pompey and Caesar
31. Crossed the Rubicon, defeated Pompey and
his forces and took control of Rome, A small
group of Senators and because they thought he
had too much power
32.Marc Antony married Cleopatra and
Augustus Caesar believed that he was going
to be replaced.
33.Imperial authority and Military
34.Two hundred years of peace and prosperity in
Rome
• 35. Economic: Established uniform system of
money, which helped to expand trade,
Guaranteed safe travel and trade on Roman
roads, Promoted prosperity and stability, Social:
Returned stability to social classes Increased
emphasis on the family, Political: Created a civil
service, Developed a uniformed rule of law
36. Had its roots in Judaism
Was led by Jesus of Nazareth, who
was proclaimed Messiah,
Conflicted with polytheistic beliefs
of the Roman Empire
a. 37. Monotheism
b. Jesus was the son and incarnation of
god
c. Life after death
d. New Testament contains accounts of
the life and teachings of Jesus, as
well as the writings of early
Christians
e. Christian doctrine established by
early church councils
38. Carried by the Apostles, including Paul,
throughout the Roman Empire
Slowed as a result of persecution by
Roman authorities, Adopted and legalized
by Emperor Constantine
• 39. Christianity later became a source of moral
authority, Loyalty to the Church became more
important than loyalty to the Emperor, The
Church became the main unifying force in
Western Europe
• 40. Art and Architecture: Circus Maximus,
Colosseum, Forum, Pantheon. Technology:
Aqueducts, Roads, Roman Arches. Ptolemy
beliefs that heavenly bodies revolved around the
earth, Baths ,Public Water System, and medical
Schools, Emphasis on public health, Roman Art:
They wanted to recreate what the person looked
like in real life, Virgil’s Aeneid:Roman poets,
modeled his masterpiece, the Aeneid (30-19 BC),
on the ancient Greek epics the Iliad and the
Odyssey, written by Homer, Languages: Latin and
Romantic Language
• 41. Economic Causes, The cost of defense,
Inflation: caused by devaluation of Roman
currency, Political Problems, Civil conflict,
Weak administrations, Divided empire,
Military Causes, Germanic invasions,
Army started to include invaders,
(discipline declined) Social Causes,
Moral decay, Self-serving upper class,
People’s loss faith in Rome and family
42. Divided down the middle of the
Mediterranean Sea