Earth’s nearest Neighbor
• The Moon
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The Moon’s Surface
• No atmosphere
• No liquid water
• Extreme
temperatures
– Daytime = 265°F
– Nighttime = -310 F
• 1/6 Earth’s gravity
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• craters- holes more on
far side, caused by
meteoroids
• maria- dark, flat plains
on the moon
• highlands-mountains
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Craters
Maria
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Lunar Features - Maria
• Darkest parts of
lunar landscape
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How the moon was formed?
• The moon is only ¼ the
size of Earth!
• Collision Theory- “Born”
4-5 billion years ago
• Formed from impact of
Mars-sized asteroid into
Earth. Debris from both
objects melted together
to form the Moon
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American Museum of Natural
History: how the moon was
formed.
• http://www.amnh.org/explore/sciencebulletins/(watch)/astro/visualizations/ourmoon
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Vocabulary Terms
Phases – One of the different apparent
shapes of the moon as seen from earth.
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Other Terms related to Phases of Moon
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Moon Cycle/Lunation
Waxing
Waning
Gibbous
Crescent
First Quarter
Third (Last) Quarter
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1. As a table group, arrange the moon phase cards in
the order you would see them during the moon's
cycle (28days).
2. On the left side of your INB of page # 23, write the
number of the cards in the order you have arranged
in a circle just like you see during the moon’s cycle.
3. Write the labels for New Moon, First Quarter, Full
Moon, Third quarter, waxing crescent, waxing
gibbous, waning gibbous, and waning crescent
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Since humans have walked the earth, we
have stared at the changing moon with
wonder. But what really causes the
appearance of the moon to change so
drastically ?
Depends on the position of all three:
moon, the sun and the earth.
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The sun is the center of our
solar system.
The Earth is revolving around
the sun as the year goes by and
rotating on its axis.
The moon is
the first milestone
on the road to the
stars.
- Arthur C.
Clarke
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But at the same time, the
moon is revolving around
the earth and rotating on its
own axis.
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The moon revolves around the earth approximately every 28 days. Its
rotation is also approximately 28 days.
So the same side of the moon is always facing the earth.
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The Moon does not give off its own
light but reflects light from the sun.
Half of the moon that faces the earth
is not always the half that is being lit
by the sun.
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The light from the sun is
hitting the side of the
moon facing away from
the Earth.
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A cycle of moon’s phases from new
moon to new moon. It takes 4 weeks
to complete one cycle.
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Approximately one
week later, we see
half of the lighted
side of the moon.
This is called a first
quarter moon.
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Two weeks after the
new moon, a full
moon appears. The
entire lighted side of
the moon is facing
earth.
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Three weeks after the
new moon, a third
quarter moon
appears. We can see
half of the lighted
surface of the moon
from earth.
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Four weeks after the new moon,
another new moon appears and the
cycle starts again.
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FOUR MAIN SHAPES
FULL
CRESCENT
GIBBOUS
QUARTER
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Gibbous
means to be
humpbacked
Waxing
means to
grow
In between each
of the quarter
phases are other
distinct phases.
Waning
means to
decrease
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Video: Phases of the Moon
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXseTWTZlks
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1. Go to this website
http://www.moonconnection.com/moon_phases_calendar.phtml
2. In your INB (left side of Page # 24)
Write the dates for:
(a) New Moon
(b) First Quarter Moon (Name of the phase/shape)
© Full Moon
(d) Third quarter Moon (Name of the phase/shape)
3. Click on Current Moon Phase – draw the picture and write the
moon phase.
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http://primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/moon/shape.htm
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