Planning for Bayanihan
Graduate Institute of Building and Planning, NTU
Professor: Chen Liang-Chun
Assistant : Justina Wu
Students: Kray Lin, Betty Huang, Jamie Chou, Daria Chien, and Mimi Lin
- OUTLINE 1
2
3
4
• Brief Introduction
• To show our understanding about Ilongot as the basis of site
analysis
• Current Situation
• Site survey and comparison
• Cases from Taiwan
• Drawing on Taiwan's experiences for Bayanihan's references
• Planning for the New Sites
• Our proposal for physical design: overall plan & detail plan
1. Brief Introduction
Location
Location
MANILA
AURORA
Population: 187,802
Area: 3,147.32 km2
BAYANIHAN MARIA AURORA
Area: 61.28 km2
AURORA
Population: 35,289
Area: 426.19 km2
BALER Barangay: 40
The capital municipality
Population: 34,492
Area: 92.55km2
MARIA
N
LocationalSite
Relativity of the Sites
Site 2 TALUMAYEN
Site 1 BUKNOAN
Original site BAYANIHAN
traffic system
Major trafficMajor
system
Ilongot Culture
Vernacular Language
 Egongot.
Traditional Conventions
Traditional cluster type
 Folk Dance and Music: Accompanied with "Kulising", an instrument made of
bamboo and tightened with string.
 Clothing: Men used to wear the "bahag" and women used to wear colorful dress.
 Bamboo-woven workmanship: such as Bamboo-woven baskets.
Nowadays, some of the residents still make them for selling to the tourists.
 Hunting: The meat of the prey pig will be eqaully distributed and shared among all
the community members.
Of Religious Belief
 The residents hold the concept of "sacred territory", which doesn't necessarily
imply that there is dreadful "taboo".
 They just want to make sure that the "sacred territory" is safe from destruction.
 In the present day, most of the residents are Christian.
2. Present Situation
Original site of BAYANIHAN
House
Living
Entrance
Vehicle
Shop
Hunting Shed
Shoe Exchange
Site Survey: from the aspect of "living"
Infrastructure
Bayanihan
office
Bayanihan
plaza
-entrance-
High school
Elementary school
church
Health center
Transportation
 Bull cart & tricycle.
 The only access to Bayanihan is an iron bridge.
 in which way, buses and trucks are not allowed.
Shopping
 There are a lot of grocery stores available.
 which supply refreshment, beverage, and vegetables.
 Maria main street fulfills other buying needs.
 about 30 minutes by car.
Infrastructure
 Garbage collection and disposal: rubbish bin
→ the process of "sorting and recycling" needs improvement.
 Water supply, power, and communication facilities
→ using spring water and groundwater simple drainage system
outside the houses
→ Nearly every house has electricity.
→ The quality of communication facilities is not satisfying.
Density of Population
Population: 1122 people
Household: 220
Residential Building Types
 Traditional Type:
Stilt structure makes of local
materials, such as the palms.
Two or three buildings form a
cluster; one for living, the
other for dining or used as
granary.
Site Survey:
from the aspect of "living"
Rest space
Main
building
Additional
space
Pavilion
Pavilions with traditional type in the yard
for rest.
They may put hammock for nap.
Bamboo benches aside the street.
Greening
Gardening
 Modern Type:
Single-story houses use hollow
bricks, plank and iron sheet.
One unit is composed of living,
working structure, and a
yard.
Flowering plants.
Almost one tree in each household unit.
Site Survey: Industry
Traditional way:
Basic Industry:
Secondary Industry:
hunting, fishing, acquisition,
and primitive farming
agriculture on coconut
and rice
retails, handicraft, and
livestock at home
Cultivating outside the community is the residents' primary way of making a
living.
Their daily life relies mainly on their own cultivation, raising poultry and cattle
at homes.
Small retailing provides other daily needs, such as communication devices.
" Primary " agriculture-- making money
" Autarkic " agriculture-- fulfill the daily needs
Site1 BUKNOAN
Talumayen
Buknoan
Bayanihan
N
Site1 Analysis
The situation of river
Smooth alluvial plain
Rainy season
Dry season
A
Upper land
B’
smooth
+2.3m
+1.3m
A’
Ditch
River
B
Upper Land
A’
A
Puddle
B
B’
River
Road
The risk of flood
Site2 TALUMAYEN
Site2 Analysis-Talumayen
Talumayen
Buknoan
N
Bayanihan
N
• Extremely steep slopes
• Intact forest
• Low accessibility
River
Road
Possible catchment
area
Site Analysis by Comparison
Site1
slope Smooth--Some upper lands inside
Beside river
Site2
Steep
Beside river
Site situation water Large amount of underground water Stream in the site
tree
Possible damage
Underground stream, runoff
The possibility of two
everywhere
watersheds
A few trees
Many trees
Raising of underground water
Possible watershed
Flooding
Mudflows and landslides
Mudflows and landslides
Accessibility
Developing cost
Development
Limitation
Easier --Riding 10 minutes from
Harder--Cross the river from
original site
Lower
site1 in 5~10minutes
Higher
Living household
Eco-tourism
Public & tourism facilities
Planting & hunting
The underground water may affect
High cost for developing
the structure of buildings
Holy domain needs proper
manage ways
Physical Condition of the 3 Sites
•
•
•
•
Ilongot tribe’s holy area
Intact forest
Extremely steep slopes
Inconvenience traffic
Site 2 TALUMAYEN
Site 1 BUKNOAN
•
•
•
•
•
Alluvial plain
Flat terrain
Convenience for water use
The risk of flood
Located under the hill
Original site BAYANIHAN
• The original site
• Public facilities are complete
• Nearly developed
BlueAdvantages
RedDisadvantage
Visions
Residents' Requirements
Progressive
Community
Infrastructure
Water, Road, Market, Education
Communication facility, and Sewage
system
Other facilities
Church & Recreational facilities
Showcase
Museum
God Faith
Culture
Preservation
Documentation
History, Festival, and Ilongot codes
( Writing, Language, and Laws….)
Passing down
School education
Sustainable
Living
Protect ancestral domain
Livelihood Opportunities
Skills training
Strengthening cooperatives
Future Industry
Tribal village & Eco-tourism
the Roles Assigned to the 3 Sites
Three sites combined as a whole community
Basic works as follows:
• Establishing community organization
• Documentation of Ilongot traditions
• Practicing festivals and skills
• Establishing funds system
•Protected areas
•Training traditional skills
Site 2 TALUMAYEN
Site 1 BUKNOAN
•New settlement
•Traditional style livelihood
•Infrastructures
Original site BAYANIHAN
•Center of community organization
3. Cases from Taiwan
We hope these successful experience from the community
empowering process can contribute to this project.
(including cultural work, industrial development, and construction, ... etc.)
Native Dwellers in Taiwan
Smangus
Thao
Bunun
• Austronesian people.
• Majority of them were distributed over
and living on the mountain areas, now
some of them have been moving to
urban areas gradually.
• Total population is around 494,107.
(2.1%)
• Most of them face economic and social
barriers.
Katatipul
Culture- oriented Developing Process
Cultural plaza
Documentation
Ceremony
Experiencing tour
3.To advertise itself
Gathering
4.To develop into industry
2.To organize and generate
actual program
1.Conforming a consensus
3.To seek external resources
Dancing
Industry- oriented Developing Process
1.To improve the livelihood
2.To organize and generate to
actual program
3.Family support & helping
minority
Church organizations
Organization: management & leader
Social welfare & assistance
The value of share
Funding
Using local
resources
tourism
handicrafts
agriculture
Long Term
Protecting the
environment
Short Term
Acquiring the source of main income
Bunun
Tribe
Background
Tribal internal
job
opportunities
become fewer
Opportunity for
development
Tribal Youth
return to
provide social
welfare and
education-
Development
goal
Renew the life
to community
Main works
Difficulties
Using
traditional
value to
develop tribal
industries
•Tourismoriented
•Losing the
original face of
tribal tradition
related
services
Village coffee shop
Weaving
Entrance image
Traditional activities
Hand-made products
Tribal Sculpture
Weaving
Dancing
Sculpture
Katatipul
Tribe
Background
Opportunity for
development
Development
goal
Main works
Difficulties
•Tourism-
The loss of
traditional
culture
The
youngsters of
the tribe make
the first step
to recall
traditions
•Culture
recalling
•possibility of
new industry
oriented
Recording
traditional life
style and
rebuilding it
•There are
totally
different
opinions from
residents
The process of reconstruction in cultural plaza
Traditional clothing
Management center
Entrance image
Utensils
The elder
Utensils
Showcase
Food
Handicraft
Tourism
Strive for resources
from governance
Rebuild the
traditional structures
and ancestor domain
Traditional
relationship rebuild、
Ceremonies again
training kids
Cultural re-find
Record the history
and traditions
Experiences from Taiwan
Conclusion of the Case Study
• Tribe’s crisis is also a turning point
• The key point of tribe’s redevelopment relies on
complete organization and inspiring leader
• Viewing traditional culture as a cohesive forces
• Possible problems of tribe’s development: ex.
tourism-oriented
Our recommendation
• Community organization is the foundation for
community empowerment
• It takes a long time to develop a new industry,
the preoccupation is currently to improve the old
industries to increase its economic value
• To make Ilongot culture become the focus of
community development
4. Planning for the New Sites
Concept
God Faith
Master Plan
Industry
ExitingAgriculture
Handcraft
Integration of
Hardware &
Software
Culture
New
PeopleCustom
Buildings
Language
Space
NatureNursery
Recovery
Bayanihan
Site1
Buknoan
Site2
Talumayen
Treat 3 Sites as a Whole
Connecting 3 Sites
Bridge to Talumayen
The Third Entrance
--Green Tunnel
The Second Entrance
--Decorative Bridge
Main Entrance
Buknoan
Church Plaza (church, service center, market)
Buffer Zone-1
Cut-off ditch and service area
Residence area
(housing)
(with small open space for cottage)
Bridge
To Talumayen
Cultural circle
(Traditional house, open space,
museum, education center)
Managing spot
Buffer Zone-2
River side
(play, laundry, water supply)
(No disposal, no structure)
Entrance
The Church Plaza
New Church
Community Service Center
Market Plaza
Paving
Capacity of the Residential Area
each Person has about 10 m2
each Family has 5 people= 1 block
each Household has 2~3 Families
each Cluster has 5~6 Households
5~6 Clusters in Buknoan------about 90 Families in Buknoan
Buffer Zone 15m
8M
6M
6M*8M=48M2
The Public Block
A Family
A Household
A ClusterBuffer Zone 10m
street
Residential Area
High heel
The Public Block
A Family
A Household
A Cluster
Bayanihan!
Integrated Blocks
Soft Boundary
Service Area
Possible Usage of the Public Block
Playground
Vendors
Family Meeting
Recycle
Recreation
Rest & Relax
Chores
The Cultural Circle
Office &
Tourists` center
Traditional Houses
Central Plaza
Usage of the Buffer Zone
Revetment
Storage
Working
Recreation
Livestock
View
Rest
Talumayen
shed
picnic
playing
hiking
Talumayen．Ancestors` Domain
．Conservation for Nature
．Field for Activities
(Hunting, Farming)
Better Connection
Publicity
Buknoan
．New Settlement
．New Church & Market
．Field for Ilongot Cultur
Dwelling
Cultural Affairs
Better Road & Bridge
Bayanihan
．Original Settlement
．Barangay Office
．Schools & Medical Office
Construction Process
THANKS