Hazard Risk Management in South Asia
- The World Bank Perspective
Christoph Pusch
South Asia Regional Coordinator
Hazard Risk Management
New Delhi, Dec 20, 2006
1
SAR High Vulnerability
Area at Risk
%
97.1
Population at Risk
%
97.7
Nepal
80.2
97.4
Bhutan
31.2
60.8
Pakistan
22.8
49.6
Afghanistan
7.2
46
India
21.9
27.2
Bangladesh
Source: WB Natural Disaster Hotspots Study, 2005
2
WB Portfolio – HRM
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South Asia Region -> more than $12 billion
since 1980
Last five years about $2.2 billion
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$875 million Pakistan earthquake, 2006*
$150 million Sri Lanka tsunami, 2005*
$465 million India tsunami, 2005*
$14 million Maldives tsunami, 2005*
$709 million Gujarat earthquake, 2002*
* Year of effectiveness
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3
Funding limited to reconstruction recovery
Demand for mitigation and preparedness is limited
Progress of HRM in SAR
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Efficient responses to major disasters
Institutional and legislative arrangements for HRM has
improved
Strategy development has advanced
Main challenges:
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4
Mainstreaming HRM in regular development process
Translating general concepts and strategies of risk mitigation into
specific projects and programs
Providing financial incentives and support for risk mitigation projects
Developing the concept of risk financing
Upgrading implementation capacity
Systematic risk assessment and cost benefit considerations for
mitigation programs
Hazard Risk Management
Framework
Emergency Preparedness
Emergency Response Planning
Exercises
Public Awareness
Communication and Information
Management Systems
- Technical Emergency
Response Capacity
Institutional Capacity Building
-
Risk Assessment
- Decentralized Emergency
Management System
- Community Participation
- Legislative Framework
- Training, Education and
Knowledge Sharing
- International Cooperation
Risk Mitigation Investments
Catastrophe Risk Financing
- Warning and Monitoring Systems
- Hazard Mapping and Land Use Planning
- Code Refinement and Enforcement
- Hazard Specific Risk Mitigation
- Ex-Ante Funding Arrangements
- Catastrophe Insurance Pools
- Reserve Funds
- Contingent Capital Facility
5
Focus of the World Bank
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The Bank is interested in financing HRM projects in SAR
(national and state level)
New vehicle providing co-financing and analytical work GFDRR
Preparation of a Hazard Risk Management Strategy
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6
Introduction of a comprehensive policy framework focused on the
systematic reduction of vulnerability and hazard risks
Identification of high priority risk mitigation measures on a country by
country basis
Formulation of a mid-term action plan with key stakeholder based on a
comprehensive consultation process
Knowledge Sharing and Dissemination Activities
Internal Training / Capacity Building for SAR staff on
HRM
Expected Outcome
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7
Roadmap for vulnerable SAR countries to implement high priority
risk mitigation programs and enhancing their capacity to respond to
major catastrophic events
Comprehensive framework for the systematic treatment of HRM at
policy and operational levels for the region
Providing the analytical basis for making HRM a standard feature in
relevant CASs and PRSPs
Exchange of information and know-how between countries on
sustainable risk mitigation solutions
Stimulating the demand for risk mitigation and prevention
interventions
Enhancement of the Bank’s internal capacity to respond to
catastrophic events and advising clients on the design and
management of cross-sector hazard risk mitigation projects and
programs