WELCOME
Objectives:
A. Why Driver Education?
B. Creating a Successful Partnership
C. New Terminology
D. Establish Steps for Success
AT THE END OF THE DAY. . .
It’s about getting home safely!
THE BAD NEWS
Automobile crashes are
the #1 cause of death for
teens in Oregon.
More than 600 were
involved in fatal & injury
collisions in 2006.
MOST DANGEROUS TIMES
FOR TEEN DRIVERS
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
DEADLIEST DAYS OF THE WEEK
16 & 17 YEAR OLD FATALITIES IN 2005
THE GOOD NEWS
A national study (NHTSA, 2005) completed in Oregon
revealed that teens taking formal driver education are. . .
• 11-21% less likely to be in a collision,
• 39-57% less likely to have a traffic conviction,
• 51-53% less likely to have their license suspended.
YOU’VE MADE THE RIGHT DECISION
Teenagers taught to drive by both
professionals and their parents are nearly
three times less likely to be involved in serious
accidents than those who do not receive
professional training.
-NHTSA (2007)
OREGON 16 YEAR OLD
FATAL & INJURY CRASHES DOWN 55%
WHAT CAUSED THE DROP IN DEATH
AND INJURY CRASHES?
Oregon’s Graduated Driver’s License
Program took effect in 1998.
Fatal and injury crashes for 16 and 17 year
have dropped dramatically ever since.
GOOD REASON FOR THE RULES
• With one teen passenger, the average new driver is
TWICE as likely to be involved in a crash.
• With two teen passengers, the average new driver is
THREE times as likely to crash.
• With three teen passengers, the average new driver is
FOUR times as likely to crash.
LET’S PUT THAT ANOTHER WAY…
PARENTS:
Do you want your
Son/Daughter To be
an
driver
THEN SOMETHING
DIFFERENT MUST OCCUR
IN THEIR LEARNING
EXPERIENCE
THE SOLUTION
Good Habit Development
It requires a successful
Partnership
between…
Teacher, Student and Parents
Students need
GUIDED PRACTICE
to form good
Driving Habits
WE ALL KNOW ABOUT PRACTICEBut what is GUIDED PRACTICE?
Do you remember learning how to type?
WHAT IS GUIDED PRACTICE?
Let’s try it together:
Using an imaginary keyboard,
close your eyes and
and type the word
the
COULD YOU DO IT?
Could you see the keyboard
in your mind?
Which fingers did you use?
If you could “see” the keyboard in your mind, and
type the letters, it’s because you learned to type
through guided practice.
Your teacher taught you where to place your fingers
on the keyboard and where each letter was located.
Then you practiced until you could successfully type
anything you wanted.
You built good habits!
GUIDED PRACTICE PRINCIPLES
• It is provided by a Parent/Coach.
• Supervised practice of specific maneuvers on a prescribed route. It
supplements what the student has learned in class and the in-car
sessions.
• You can plan your lessons with the Oregon Parent Guide to Teen
Driving
• Your attitudes and values have the greatest influence upon your teen
towards safe driving practices.
• Parents need to provide their teen with five hours of guided practice
during the driver education course.
“LEARNING” OCCURS
WHEN BEHAVIOR IS CHANGED
How do we change behavior
and learn good habits?
HABIT DEVELOPMENT
Knowledge: What to do
Skill: How to do it
Attitude: Desire or want to do it
K+S+A = Habit
Pattern of Behavior Can Be Learned or
unlearned
Requires Time, Energy and Commitment
S
K
H
A
THE LEARNING PROGRESSION
4th - Unconsciously
Competent (This is the goal! Habitually correct
behavior.)
3rd - Consciously
Competent (Lots of practice to reach this point, but
still have more to learn.)
Stage 4 can only be
achieved
guided
2 - through
Consciously
Incompetent (We understand the task, but are
practice.
not but are not very good at it.)
nd
1st - Unconsciously
Incompetent (We have no idea how to perform a task.)
HOW MANY TIMES MUST YOU
REPEAT A BEHAVIOR BEFORE IT
BECOMES A HABIT?
• 8 Times = long term memory
• 28 times = unconscious memory (habit)
Conclusion:
Students don’t drive the way they were taught
because they don’t do the correct behavior enough
times for it to become habitual.
10 Model Driving Habits
Form the Basis of the
Driver Education Course
1. Get Driver-Vehicle Readiness
2. See a clear path before moving
3. Keep the car in balance
4. Use reference points
5. Do LOS-POT searching
6. Turn decisions into actions
7. Control the intersection
8. Get rear zone control
9. Get control with a vehicle in front
10.Be courteous to others
US CRASH
PYRAMID
Deaths 42,600
Disabled
200,000
Injuries
2,799,000
Minor Crashes
Close Calls
Stressful Situations
High Risk Driver Behaviors
Estimated 9 X 10 ²³
“Not Everything That Counts Can Be Counted”
- Albert Einstein
The statistics on the previous slide are the best reason
for each of us to commit to spending as much time
as necessary to teach our youngest drivers the skills
and habits they need to be safe.
We should feel some outrage to know that more than
42,000 Americans die on our roads each year. And
we should be dismayed to know that nearly 3 million
of us are injured in crashes each year.
ParentsDid you take Driver Education?
Do you think anything has changed?
What color is a yield sign?
Don’t feel too bad. It used to be yellow
It changed about 15 years ago.
What will your student learn?
Vision vs. Perception
Response vs. Reaction
Lane Position
Pull-Push Steering Technique
Following Distance
Reference Points
Zone Control
and so much more!
VISION VS. PERCEPTION
Take the following test.
Read the following sentence through once and
count the number of f’s.
FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH
YEARS OF EXPERIENCE.
How many letter F’s did you see?
3?
4?
5?
6?
More?
FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH
YEARS OF EXPERIENCE.
How did you do? There were 6 letter f’s in the
sentence. Would you have done better if you had
known you were looking for 6 of them?
This illustrates the difference between vision and
perception. Perception involves seeing as well as
understanding what to look for and how to interpret
the information we gather.
Proper Perception is vital to good
driving!
Changes That May Surprise You!
• Hand Position: 3 & 9 or 4 & 8
• Braking technique: Squeeze; don’t pump
• Mirror Adjustment: Enhanced Setting
• Headlights On: Night and DAY!
• Steering Technique: Pull/Push vs. hand over hand
• Sign changes
• Legal Stop position
• Graduated Driver’s Licensing
MIRROR ADJUSTMENT
Traditional view
Enhanced method
Adjusting the Side Mirrors
The next slide shows the blind spot created by
the traditional mirror adjustment, which
involves a large overlap in what is seen in the
three mirrors.
Notice that the blind spot with this mirror setting
is big enough to easily hide a full-sized vehicle
from the view created by the side mirror.
Cones outline the blind
areas caused by
traditional mirror settings
Traditional side view mirror settings shows same view as rear view mirror
TRADITIONAL SETTING
RIGHT BLIND SPOT
RIGHT SIDE VIEW
REAR
MIRROR
LEFT SIDE VIEW
TRADITIONAL SETTING
LEFT BLIND SPOT
VIEW
Blind Spot—Glare Elimination
The enhanced mirror adjustment is pictured on
the following slide. While this setting doesn’t
eliminate the need for over the shoulder checks,
as you can see, this setting does make the side
blind spot much, much smaller.
All you need to do to achieve the enhanced
setting is tilt the mirrors out about 12 degrees so
that the side of your vehicle is not visible when
you look in the mirrors.
The BGE enhanced side
mirror settings (15 degrees
to outside) minimizes right
and left side mirror blind
areas
ENHANCED RIGHT SIDE MIRROR VIEW
REAR MIRROR
VIEW
ENHANCED LEFT SIDE MIRROR VIEW
LANE POSITION
Space management is an important aspect of
driver’s education. Managing the space in our lane
of traffic is particularly important.
To make it easy to talk about the space within our
lane, numbers are assigned to each area. These
lane positions allow students to learn to effectively
use each part of their lane to improve their line of
sight and establish the best separation from other
vehicles or obstacles.
Lane Position Options
4
2
1
3
5
Lane position 4 and 5:
Straddling the line to avoid a problem
MAKING LANE CHANGES
Because making lane changes is a potentially
troublesome maneuver for most new drivers, we
work on a procedure they can use to be sure
they are making a safe movement from one lane
to another. We use the acronym MSMOG to help
them remember where to look and what to look
for as they prepare for lane changes.
LANE CHANGE ACRONYM
Mirror-(Rear View)
Signal
Mirror-(Side View)
Over-the-Shoulder
Go
MORE LANE CHANGE
CONSIDERATIONS
Once the students understand how to use MSMOG
to be sure it’s safe to change lanes, they are taught
to steer smoothly through the lane changes by
referring to the lane positions.
CONTROL YOUR
TRACKING PATH
1
 Maintain Your Speed
 Move to new lane
3
 Cancel Signal
 Evaluate Front & Rear Zone
Conditions
4
 Get Best Lane Position
2
STEERING TECHNIQUES
You were probably taught to hold the steering wheel at the 10 & 2
positions. But chances are you learned to drive on a vehicle that
did not have air bags.
And you probably used a hand over hand technique to steer into
turns.
But your students will be taught pull-push steering. They will hold the
wheel at 8 & 4 or at 9 & 3, and learn to turn without crossing their
hands—a safer form of steering air-bag equipped vehicles.
PULL/PUSH
(HAND TO HAND) STEERING
PULL-PUSH ADVANTAGES
•Pull-push steering gives better steering control.
•The driver keeps both hands on the wheel at all
times.
•The left and right hands never cross to the
opposite side of the wheel, minimizing risk of injury
due to air bag deployment.
Turning with Pull-Push Steering
11
1
•Right Turn
•Right Turn
•Left Hand
Push Up
•Right Hand
Pull Down
7
5
A right turn is initiated by pulling the wheel down from 1 o’clock to five o’clock, while the left
hand glides down to 7 o’clock.
At that point, the left hand goes to work, pushing the wheel up to 11 o’clock, while the right
hand glides up to one o’clock to meet it and so on.
WHAT IS A LOS – POT?
Learning some new vocabulary will be part of your
student’s experience, too.
LINE OF SIGHT: Anything that blocks our ability to gather critical information.
PATH OF TRAVEL: Anything that blocks our ability to occupy a space in the road.
How is your LOS
(Line of Sight)?
What is the
Potential Problem?
You have a line of sight blockage caused by the building.
It could be hiding pedestrians on the sidewalk.
WHERE SHOULD YOU STOP?
Students will learn how to make correct, complete
Legal Stops.
They will practice making Safety Stops to improve
their line of sight.
And they will learn the advantages of the
Staggered Stop and when to use it.
LEGAL STOP
BEFORE STOP LINE, CROSSWALK, PEDESTRIAN
ZONE
SAFETY STOP
FRONT EVEN WITH THE CURB LINE. MOVE TO THIS
POSITION AFTER THE LEGAL STOP TO IMPROVE YOUR
LINE OF SIGHT.
Remember: This position is IN ADDITION to a Legal Stop!
STAGGERED STOP
SEE STOP LINE 15 FEET AHEAD
REFERENCE POINTS
Students quickly find that the body of the vehicle
causes a large blind area that makes the car seem
to be much larger than it really is.
We introduce the concept of reference points to help
them overcome the problem.
Where is the front bumper in
relationship to the white line?
You can line up the side view mirror with the curb line. Students
learn a series of reference points that will help them place their
vehicle precisely. The best part is that the reference points work on
all vehicles.
KEEPING THE CAR IN BALANCE
Show me what it feels like…
when a driver slams on the brake.
when a driver takes off too fast.
when a driver makes a turn too fast or a
lane change too sharply.
These “feelings” should be seen as a RED FLAG
that a high risk behavior is occurring.
VEHICLE BALANCE
TERMS USED
Pitch – Vehicle weight is transferred to the front or
the rear tires when braking or accelerating. Loss of
traction can occur.
Roll - Vehicle weight is transferred to the side tires
when turning or cornering. Loss of traction can
occur.
Yaw – Traction to tires is lost causing vehicle to spin
around its center of gravity or “Yaw” axis.
THE ZONE CONTROL SYSTEM
This is the framework for using the 10 Driving Habits in every situation.
• FIND – Identify a LOS-POT change.
• SOLVE – Check other zones and get necessary information to make a decision.
• CONTROL – Applying the best SPEED control, best LANE POSITION and best
COMMUNICATION.
STEPS FOR SUCCESS
• Guided practice between BTW drives
• Communicate with instructors
• Have a Parent Teen Contract
• Establish your families boundaries
GOALS FOR NEW DRIVERS
PARENTS WANT:
TEENS WANT:
• Child’s safety
• Wheels
• Protection of investment
• Action
• Respect for authority
• Peer Acceptance
• Respect for others
• Freedom
COURSE REQUIREMENTS
Eligibility
To qualify for State Certification a student must complete 30 hrs of classroom
instruction and 12 hrs of BTW instruction before obtaining their driver license
and or their 18th birthday. An additional $210 will be charged for students
who do not meet these guidelines.
Behind-the-Wheel (BTW)
BTW lessons occur outside of class time. Parents can begin scheduling the 6
lessons after the first day of class. Each lesson is 2hrs long. 1 hour the
student drives and 1 hour they observe. There is a late cancelation fee for
canceling a lesson with less than 72hr notice.
Classroom
Students are required to be in class for 30hrs and receive an 80% or
higher to complete. Any class time missed must be made up prior to
course completion. We have several location to make up hours missed
hours
CLASSROOM
There are 3 exit exams taken online at home.
If a student gets 90% or better on each exit exam they
bypass the written final.
Student still has to show up for class because they have to
be in class for 30 hours.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Driver Ed will allow students to bypass the
DMV drive test.
True!!
LICENSE REQUIREMENTS
• Still Need to have 50 hours of driving
• Still have to take the knowledge test from
DMV
• Still have to have their permit for 6 months
• Still has to be 16 years old
A PARENT-TEEN AGREEMENT
CAN BRING YOU TOGETHER
Formal contract
Must be clear
Must be enforced
ESTABLISH FAMILY BOUNDARIES
The Graduated Drivers License creates
a few boundaries for the new licensed
driver.
You may want to consider these
boundaries for your own teen:
Set Driving Area Limits
80% of fatal collisions in Oregon occur on rural roads.
Restrict Night Driving
Most teen nighttime fatal crashes occur from 9pm to 12
am
Restrict their passengers
Tighten or further extent law already in place
Reduce Distractions
Have guidelines for loud music, etc.
Being a passenger
Know who your teen is driving with. Are they
responsible?
REMEMBER:
YOU’RE THEIR ROLE MODEL!
New Drivers learn a lot by example, so be sure that
you practice safe driving habits.
Teens with crashes and violations often have
role models with poor driving records.
CHOOSE VEHICLES FOR SAFETY,
NOT IMAGE.
Teenagers should drive vehicles that reduce their
chances of a crash and offer protection in case they
do crash.
•
•
•
•
Small Cars don’t offer the best protection in a crash.
Airbags save lives.
Avoid cars with performance images, they encourage speeding.
Avoid trucks and sport utility vehicles – they are more prone to roll
over.
Research vehicle crash test ratings at:
http://www.hwysafety.org/vehicle_ratings/ratings.htm
BY WORKING AS A TEAM—
STUDENT, PARENTS AND TEACHERS
We can all get home safely!