Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Smart Grid
A Telecom / Commercial consumer’s perspective
Paul Smith – Technical Marketing Manager, Lineage Power
paul.smith@lineagepower.com (214) 923-4274
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Lineage Power
• Heritage of engineering excellence
and innovation from Bell Labs
• Power Plants from 10 Amps to 20,000
Amps
• Engineering and installation services.
3 Meter EMC Chamber
• US based engineering, design,
qualification, training, and support
• Telecom Power Pioneers
• Data Center DC Power
Training & Certification Facility
1869
1984
1996
2001
2008
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
More than just High Efficiency Rectifiers
A Holistic approach
Total Efficiency TM
Active Rectifier
Management
Renewable Energy Sources
ECO Priority
Source TM
Minimize
AC Losses
Smart Grid
Demand Response
480V vs 240V
End to End
< Efficiency >
Minimize
DC Losses
Architectural Choices
Cost of Power TM
ROI Calculator
LINEAGE POWER
Minimize
Utility Bills
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Losses
• Typical AC installations engineered to trade copper cost against losses
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3% Voltage drop in the ac loop
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Gives 3% power loss with 3Ø 480Vac rectifiers, 5.9% loss with 1Ø 240Vac
• DC Losses from engineered cable resistance, trading cable cost for loss
• Centralized Architecture
•
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Rectifier to load – 3.9V drop in cable and distribution
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Possible 7.4% Power loss
Lineage Hybrid Architecture reduces the DC losses by 60%
270KW Example
Centralized Architecture
5,000A Load Current
Engineered voltage drop – Up to
3.9V
3.9V x 5,000A = 19.5kW losses =
$17,082 LOST / yr @10c/KWh
Lost Energy is heat – Additional
HVAC cost ~ $5,000 / yr
© 2009 Lineage Power
270KW Example
Hybrid Architecture
DC Distribution (VI) losses reduced
to loop of <1.0V from 3.9V
Losses now 1.0V x 5,000A = 5.0KW
SAVINGS: 19.5KW -5.0KW = 14.5KW =
$12,702 / yr @10c/KWh
HVAC Savings: Approximately
$4,000
Total Savings: $16,702
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Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
High Efficiency Rectifiers
• New Generation “High
Efficiency” SMR
Rectifier Efficiency @ Nominal Vin, 25C
98.0%
• 95-97% Efficient
96.0%
• 2nd Generation SMR
• 91-93% Efficient
94.0%
Efficiency (%)
92.0%
200A Ferro
90.0%
1Ph HE
595LTA
88.0%
• Typical 200A Ferro Resonant
• 84-89% Efficient
CP2725
NE050AC48
86.0%
QS865
84.0%
82.0%
80.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
• Efficiency improves at higher utilization
• Additional benefits from improved power
factor and Total Harmonic Distortion.
• Utility Service Size implications
• Generator sizing and upgrade avoidance
opportunities
• Paybacks possible in 1-2 years
Load (%)
© 2009 Lineage Power
5
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Active Rectifier Management TM
ARMTM – Place Rectifiers in Stand-by mode to improve operating efficiency of
remaining rectifiers
Rectifier Efficiency @ Nominal Vin, 25C
System Controllers
98.0%
A/B Plant
Operation
96.0%
ARM
Operation
94.0%
Improving System Efficiency from 40% to 96%
Efficiency (%)
92.0%
90.0%
88.0%
86.0%
84.0%
82.0%
Lineage 200A
Lineage 400A
RHM400
RHM200
RL400
ECS
TE Series
80.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Load (%)
ARMTM – Rectifiers in Stand-by mode instantly
available for load increases
90%
100%
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Eco Priority Source™
•
Prioritizes clean and green energy sources before generators or the
utility grid via Lineage controller/rectifier
– UL1472 compliant with 30% leverage via Federal and State tax incentives
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Eco Source Control
• Lineage Controller Technology – the heart of an ECO efficient
Power System
– Prioritizes clean / green energy sources before generators / utility grid
– Manages battery charging and discharge cycles (vs ECO source
availability)
– Optimizes use of ECO Sources
– Minimizes Utility Grid Costs (time and rate per Smart Grid Response)
– Minimizes fossil fuel usage and costs
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Smart Grid Demand Response
• Disconnect from utility grid during peak demand periods
– Automated via utility communications protocol
– Dynamic based on lowest cost of power
– Scheduled based on peak load hours
• Use Battery and / or back up generator already provisioned
• Benefits
– Take advantage of lower utility rates
– Avoid peak rate utility charges
– Contribute to Power Grid Stability
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Smart Grid Demand Response
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Telecom already uses Priority Loads for back up time optimization
Controller Technology already present and operational
Intelligent, standards based communication interfaces
Initial implementation with major telecom service provider
– Manual or email notification from utility (Automation coming soon
with OpenADR)
– Remote, secure Ethernet access to:
• Shed non critical load(s)
• Turn off rectifier(s)
• Initiate controlled battery
discharge
• Start and run generator(s)
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Smart Grid Demand Response
• Initial implementation with major telecom service provider
– Manual or email notification from utility (Automation coming soon
with openADR)
– Remote, secure Ethernet access to:
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•
•
•
•
Restore non critical load(s)
Turn on rectifier(s)
Terminate controlled battery discharge
Stop generator(s)
Control battery recharge timing
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Smart Grid Demand Response
• Automated load restoration considerations
– Area wide power restoration
• Phased restoration
• Site by site
• Partial load at multiple sites
– Lineage Galaxy Manager
• Area or regional central monitoring and control
• Utility communications – openADR
– Automation of existing Power Plant features
Lineage Power - Total Efficiency TM
Total Efficiency - Green Network Power
HA – addresses restive losses
TETM Rectifier efficiency improvements
ARMTM Improving the efficiency of lightly loaded plants
Cost of Power Calculator –
compute real energy
savings
• Backward compatible for
efficiency upgrades to
existing plants
• Combines Active Rectifier
Management with Hybrid
Architecture to put all your
facilities at the forefront for
energy efficiency.
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For more information contact Paul.Smith@lineagepower.com / (214)923-4274