Mobile Computing and Commerce,
and Pervasive Computing
1. Discuss the value-added attributes, benefits, and
fundamental drivers of m-commerce.
2. Describe the mobile computing environment
that supports m-commerce (devices, software,
services).
3. Describe the four major types of wireless
telecommunications networks.
4. Discuss m-commerce applications in finance.
5. Describe m-commerce applications in shopping,
advertising, and provision of content.
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6. Discuss the application of m-commerce within
organizations and across the supply chain.
7. Describe consumer and personal applications of
m-commerce.
8. Understand the technologies and potential
application of location-based m-commerce.
9. Describe the major inhibitors and barriers of mcommerce.
10.Discuss the key characteristics, critical
technologies, and major applications of
pervasive computing.
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• mobile commerce (m-commerce, m-business)
Any business activity conducted over a
wireless telecommunications network or from
mobile devices
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• ATTRIBUTES OF M-COMMERCE
– Ubiquity
– Convenience
– Interactivity
– Personalization
– Localization
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5
• DRIVERS OF M-COMMERCE
– Widespread availability of more powerful mobile
devices
– The handset culture
– The service economy
– Vendor’s push
– The mobile workforce
– Increased mobility
– Improved price/performance
– Improving bandwidth
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• wireless mobile computing (mobile
computing)
Computing that connects a mobile device to a
network or another computing device,
anytime, anywhere
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• MOBILE DEVICES
– Mobile computers
– personal digital assistant (PDA)
A stand-alone handheld computer principally used
for personal information management
– smartphone
A mobile phone with PC-like capabilities e.g
Blackberry, iphone, Androids, etc
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• MOBILE COMPUTING SOFTWARE AND
SERVICES
– Messaging Services
• short message service (SMS)
A service that supports the sending and receiving of
short text messages on mobile phones
• multimedia messaging service (MMS)
The emerging generation of wireless messaging; MMS
is able to deliver rich media
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– Location-Based Services
– Voice-Support Services
• interactive voice response (IVR)
A voice system that enables users to request and
receive information and to enter and change data
through a telephone to a computerized system
• voice portal
A Web site with an audio interface that can be accessed
through a telephone call e.g Bing Voice Search for
mobile phones (tellme.com)
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• WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS
NETWORKS
– personal area network (PAN)
A wireless telecommunications network for
device-to-device connections within a very short
range
– Bluetooth
A set of telecommunications standards that
enables wireless devices to communicate with
each other over short distances
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– wireless local area network (WLAN)
A telecommunications network that enables users
to make short-range wireless connections to the
Internet or another network
– Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity)
The common name used to describe the IEEE
802.11 standard used on most WLANs
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13
– WiMax
A wireless standard (IEEE 802.16) for making
broadband network connections over a mediumsize area such as a city
– wireless wide area network (WWAN)
A telecommunications network that offers
wireless coverage over a large geographical area,
typically over a cellular phone network
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• MOBILE BANKING
• MOBILE PAYMENTS
– Mobile Proximity Payments
– Mobile Remote Payments
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– digital divide
Refers to the gap between people with effective
access to digital and information technology and
those without
– microfinance
Refers to the provision of financial services to
poor or low-income clients, including consumers
and the self-employed
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• MOBILE MARKETING CAMPAIGNS
– Four classes of mobile marketing campaigns:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Information
Entertainment
Raffles
Coupons
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– The major objectives of these classes fell into one
of six categories:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Building brand awareness
Changing brand image
Promoting sales
Enhancing brand loyalty
Building customer databases
Stimulating mobile word of mouth
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• MOBILE MARKETING GUIDELINES
– The basic principles of the Global Code of Conduct
for Internet marketing:
•
•
•
•
•
Notice
Choice and consent
Customization and constraint
Security
Enforcement and accountability
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• NEEDS OF THE MOBILE WORKFORCE
– mobile worker
Any employee who is away from their primary
work space at least 10 hours a week or 25 percent
of the time
– Benefits of Mobile Workforce Support
• Mobile workers can be divided into three segments:
– Mobile professionals (senior executives and consultants)
– Mobile field force (field sales and service technicians)
– Mobile specialty workers (delivery personnel and construction
workers)
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– Some solutions widely used by the three
segments include:
•
•
•
•
Mobile office applications
Sales force automation (SFA)
Field force automation (FFA)
Mobile CRM (e-CRM)
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– Challenges of Mobile Workforce Support
•
•
•
•
•
Network coverage gaps and interruptions
Internetwork roaming
Mobile network and application performance
Device and network management
Bandwidth management
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• mobile entertainment
Any type of leisure activity that utilizes
wireless telecommunication networks,
interacts with service providers, and incurs a
cost upon usage
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• MOBILE MUSIC AND VIDEO
• MOBILE GAMES
– Technology
– Number of players
– Genre
• MOBILE GAMBLING
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• location-based m-commerce (l-commerce)
Delivery of m-commerce transactions to
individuals in a specific location, at a specific time
– The services provided through location-based mcommerce focus on five key factors:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Location
Navigation
Tracking
Mapping
Timing
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• L-COMMERCE INFRASTRUCTURE
– Mobile devices
– Communication network
– Positioning component
– Service or application provider
– Data or content provider
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– Positioning Components
• network-based positioning
Relies on base stations to find the location of a mobile
device sending a signal or sensed by the network
• terminal-based positioning
Calculating the location of a mobile device from signals
sent by the device to base stations
• global positioning system (GPS)
A worldwide satellite-based tracking system that
enables users to determine their position anywhere on
the earth
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– Location-Based Data
•
•
•
•
•
Locating
Navigating
Searching
Identifying
Event checking
– geographical information system (GIS)
A computer system capable of integrating, storing,
editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying
geographically-referenced (spatial) information
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• BARRIERS TO LOCATION-BASED
M-COMMERCE
– Lack of GPS in mobile phones
– Accuracy of devices
– The cost–benefit justification
– Limited network bandwidth
– Invasion of privacy
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• M-COMMERCE SECURITY ISSUES
– Worms capable of spreading through mobile
phones
– Open-air transmission of signals across multiple
networks opens up new opportunities for
compromising security
– Mobile devices are easily lost or stolen
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• ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND HEALTH ISSUES IN
M-COMMERCE
– The isolation that mobile devices can impose on a
workforce
– Field service employees dispatched remotely visit “the
office” only briefly at the start and end of each day, if at all
– Not easy to separate work and personal life on a cell
phone, unless one is willing to carry two phones or two
PDAs
– Health damage from cellular radio frequency emissions
– Monitoring staff movements based on GPS-enabled
devices or vehicles
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• pervasive computing
Invisible, everywhere computing; computing
capabilities embedded into the objects around
us
– Invisible Computing
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– Principles of Pervasive Computing
•
•
•
•
Decentralization
Diversification
Connectivity.
Simplicity
– Internet of Things
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• radio frequency identification (RFID)
A short-range radio frequency communication
technology for remotely storing and retrieving
data using devices called RFID tags and RFID
readers
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– RFID Basics
– RFID Applications
•
•
•
•
•
Tracking and identifying people
Tracking vehicles and commuters
Tracking animals
Tracking assets
Tracking product inventory
– electronic product code (EPC)
A product identification standard that specifies the
manufacturer, producer, version, and serial number of each
(product) item
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• SENSOR NETWORKS AND SMART ITEMS
– sensor network
A collection of nodes, sometimes as small as
millimeters in length or diameter, capable of
environmental sensing, local computation, and
communication with its peers or with other higher
performance nodes
– Sensor Networking Standards
– Smart Applications
• PRIVACY AND PERVASIVE COMPUTING
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1.
2.
3.
4.
What is your m-commerce strategy?
What is your timetable?
Are there clear technical winners?
Which applications should be implemented
first?
5. Is pervasive computing real?
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