Achievement Scale
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grade Level: 11-12
Unit: The Nervous System
Learning Goals: The student will be able to:
A. Describe the organization of the nervous system
B. Identify and describe the function of neuroglia
C. Identify and describe the structure of a motor neuron
D. Describe how a neuron maintains membrane potential
E. Describe how an action potential initiates and propagate
F. Describe how information is transferred across a synapse
G. Distinguish between inhibitory and excitatory message
H. Explain how neurotransmitters function
Score 4: Student demonstrates in-depth inferences and applications of the learning goal(s) and can reconstruct and apply their
knowledge from limited information:
B1. Given information on a specific disease, explain possible malfunction of specific neuroglia.
DEF1. Predict outcomes for a patient who has a malfunction in a major part of the neuron.
H. Explain impact of a drug or medicine on neurotransmitter and neuron function.
Score 3: Student demonstrates no major errors or omissions regarding the learning goal(s) that were explicitly taught:
A1. Construct a graphic organizer or similar document that represents the organization of the nervous system.
B1. Identify location, function and type of neuroglia
C1. Draw, label, and describe the function of the important structures of a motor neuron
D1. Describe how resting membrane potential is maintained; including the sodium potassium pump, channels, gates,
and ion concentration.
E1. Label a graph of an action potential, and explain what is happening during each step of an action potential
F1. Explain the interactions between the major structures in a synaptic cleft
H1. Explain neurotransmitters effects on mood, consciousness, movement, and more!
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Score 2: The student demonstrates no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes that support the
learning goal(s).
A1.
B1.
C1.
C2.
D1.
D2.
E1.
E2.
E3.
F1.
F2.
G1.
H1.
H2.
Identify the basic functions of each subdivision of the nervous system
Match functions of neuroglia with the cell type
Label a neuron
Identify parts of neuron that receive and send information/ impulses
Student can describe the differences between the inside and outside environment of a neuron membrane
Describe how the sodium potassium pump helps maintain the resting membrane potential (RMP)
List the correct sequence of events in an action potential
Can explain direction of ion movement at each step of an action potential
Explain the results of an action potential (the nerve impulse travels all the way to the axon terminal)
Identify the major structures in a synaptic cleft
Describe the movement of the neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse
Differentiate between inhibitory and excitatory messages
Explain the effects of neurotransmitters.
Match functions to specific neurotransmitters
Score 1: With help (being given word banks, manipulated equations, retakes), the student demonstrates a partial understanding
of the simpler details and processes that support the learning goal(s).
Score 0: Even with help, no success
Score 4 Example Assessment Items:
Academic Vocabulary:
1. Natalie played tennis all day yesterday. There could be
many reasons why her brachioradialis muscle
continuously “twitches” irregularly when she is done
playing. Propose and support one possible reason for the
twitches, keeping action potentials in mind.
Central and Peripheral Nervous System
2.
Efferent
Afferent Somatic
Autonomic
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic Neuroglia
Ependymal
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Dendrite Axon
Why does Charlie “Wild Thing: Rick Vaughn” Sheen not
derive the same joy from striking out Yankees as he likely
used to?
Myelin Sheath
Microglia
Schwann Cells
Axon Hillock
Node of Ranvier
Satellite Cells
Axon Terminal
Axolemma
Potential Difference Voltage Gated Channel
Chemical Gated Channel Leakage Gated Channel
Mechanical Gated Channels
Sodium Potassium Pump
Resting Membrane Potential (RMP)
Depolarization
Hyperpolarize Repolarize Sodium Voltage Gates
Potassium Voltage Gates
Graded Potential
Action Potential Threshold “All or none”
Refractory period
Saltatory Conduction
Chemical Synapse Synaptic Vesicle
2
Synaptic Cleft
Score 3 Example Assessment Items:
Presynaptic neuron Postsynaptic Neuron
Calcium Voltage gated Channel Neurotransmitter
Receptor
Excitatory post synaptic potential
Inhibitory post synaptic potential
Excitatory and inhibitory effect Direct and indirect actions
Dopamine
Serotonin
Norepinephrine
Endorphins Adenosine
Label and explain what is happening at each step.
Label this motor neuron.
What ions flood the cell during repolarization? What gates are
open? What gates are shut?
Score 2 Example Assessment Items
The sympathetic and the parasympathetic are
subdivisions of which part of the nervous system?
A. CNS
B. Sensory Division of PNS
Somatic Nervous System D. Motor Division
Which of the following best describes how is the
voltage changing during hyperpolarization?
C.
E.
Autonomic Nervous System
Conducts impulses away from the neuron.
Axon
B. Axon terminal
Dendrites
A.
A. -70mV to +30 mV
B. +30mV to -70 mV
C. – 80 mV to -70 mV
D. -70 mV to -80mV
In the CNS these cells recycle neurotransmitters, support
blood vessels for supplying neurons, and in general maintain
a proper environment for neurons.
A. astrocyctes B. oligodendrocytes
C. microglia
C. Cell body D.
E. Myelin sheath
How is the interior part of a neuron different from the
D. Schwann cells E. ependymals
environment around the neuron?
A. it is positively charged with a higher concentration
of K+ than outside
B. it is negatively charged with a higher concentration
of K+ than outside
C. it is positively charged with a higher concentration
of Na+ than outside
D. it is negatively charged with a higher concentration
of Na+ than outside
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