BIO 101 Lab Skills Test 2 Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration = glycolysis + citric acid cycle + oxidative phosphorylation Glucose + C6H12O6 Oxygen 6 O2 Carbon dioxide 6 CO2 + Water 6 H2O Reagents Soda lime absorbs CO2 Bromthymol blue dye - indicator dye, turns yellow in presence of CO2 Experiments - Exhaled air vs. room air - Crickets vs. seedlings - Plant in light versus dark - Respirometer to measure ml O2 consumed/hr/g in crickets vs. seeds Know the results, independent variable and dependent variable for each experiment Domain and kingdom of organisms used in experiments --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cell Division Recognize and characterize in onion root tip and whitefish blastula slides and photos. Identify features of each. Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Terms and concepts Binary fission Cell cycle = Interphase + Mitosis Cell plate Chromosomes condense Cleavage furrow Cytokinesis Daughter cell Diploid Haploid Human diploid and haploid chromosome number Homologous chromosomes Meiosis Metaphase plate Mitosis Mitotic spindle Nuclear membrane Parent cell Poles of cell Sister chromatids 1 BIO 101 Lab Skills Test 2 Heredity Terms and concepts Codominance (A and B alleles of I gene) Dominant allele Dwarf and tall alleles (t and T) Gene Green and albino alleles (G and g) Heterozygous Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Multiple alleles (blood group I gene) Purple and yellow kernel color alleles (P and p) Recessive allele Complete Punnett square for one gene crosses Human traits – dominant conditions are not always the most prevalent in a population Chi square and how to use table -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gel Electrophoresis TAE buffer Comb Gel former Tank Power supply Micropipetter (use of) Agarose Analysis of results with respect to dye charge Standard curve analysis of DNA fragments Electrophoresis technique with respect to charge, gel density, DNA fragment size, voltage -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Prokaryotes and Protists Taxonomy –classifying organisms Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species Scientific name = Genus and species Homo sapiens Domain Archaea - Rare prokaryotes, extreme environments Domain Bacteria Unicellular Prokaryotic Most heterotrophs and saprotrophs Binary fission Identify: Slides: Bacillus, Coccus, Spirillum shapes Cyanobacteria (photo and live culture) 2 BIO 101 Lab Skills Test 2 Agar plate Bacteria from hands Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria –diameter of no growth area --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista Slides – identify and aspects of each organism Trypanosoma - African sleeping sickness. Flagella Trichonympha -symbiont digests cellulose in wood for termite. Flagella Amoeba – pseudopods and function Radiolarian – calciferous shell Paramecium –cilia Plasmodium - malaria Euglena - chlorophyll, flagella Slime molds - Dictyostelium and/or Physarum Model paramecium – structures and function of each Cilia Contractile vacuole Food vacuole Macronucleus Oral groove ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Algae Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista Photosynthetic autotrophs Green Algae Ancestral to higher plants Chloroplasts with chlorophyll Unicellular green algae Chlamydomonas Colonial green algae Volvox Spirogyra Multicellular green algae Ulva Brown Algae Multicellular, marine, seaweed Identify: Blade, stipe, airbladder, holdfast Kelp Red Algae Chondrus crispus Corallina Review questions on handout Fungi 3 BIO 101 Lab Skills Test 2 Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Asexual and sexual reproduction Cell walls Chitin Heterotrophs Hyphae Mycelium Parasites (some) Saprotrophs Sporangia and spores Phylum Zygomycota Specimen: Black bread mold (Rhizopus) Image: hyphae, sporangia Slide: identify sporangia Phylum Ascomycota = Sac Fungi Specimen: sac fungi Slide: identify asci and spores (Peziza) Slide: wet mount yeast: budding yeast cells Penicillum specimen Penicillum slide: conidiospores Phylum Basidiomycota = Club fungi (Mushrooms, birds nest fungus, corn smut, shelf fungus) Specimen: club fungi Slide: mushroom (Coprinus) gills and spores Lichen Specimen: lichen Slide: Algal and fungal cells and function of each in lichen Review questions on handout 4