Ben Sunny
LTEC 4550
Table of Contents
This presentation will give you a description of the following
components listed below.
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Hub
Switch
Router
Bridge
Gateway
Firewall
Wireless AP
Network Component
Hub
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This device will send data from one computer to all
the other computers that are connected to the
network.
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The hub acts like a repeater and is not considered
a router. With this, there is no filtrations taken or
any redirection of data between the
networks/ports.
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The cost for a decent Hub ranges from $19.99 to
$100.
Hub Example
The manufacturers that have well
obtained Hubs are Sun Systems,
Oracle, and Cisco.
Cisco Hub
Network Component
Switch
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This device acts somewhat like a Hub, but works
using a Layer 2 address on the OSI model.
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A Switch usually contains software that builds
routing tables. With this technique, it helps
improve the traffic flow inside the network. With
this change, it makes it a more valuable option
over the use of a Hub.
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The cost for a switch device range for your
personal home network costs $40 to $150. But
the ones located in offices can be in the $1000’s.
Switch Example
Cisco and D-Link Juniper are well
known manufacturers.
D-Link Switch
Hub Vs. Switch
Hub
Switch
Network Type
LAN
LAN
Collisions
Occur commonly
in Hubs
No Collisions
Data Transmission Electrical Signal or Frame(L2 Switch)
bits
Packet(L3 Switch)
Spanning-Tree
No Spanning-Tree Many SpanningTree possibilities
Network Component
Router
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This device is more powerful than a switch or router. It
operates at OSI Layer 3 with the use of IP addresses.
Routers can be configured to be used as firewalls or
extensive networks.
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The Router is what is most commonly found in our homes
today. With our ISP provider, a router is usually rented or
given to us at the time of purchase. It is usually all that is
needed to give us a great connection to the internet.
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For a dependable router, the cost can get expensive. But the
ones that are efficient are usually given to us by our ISP’s.
But if you are looking to purchase one for your home, the
cost can range anywhere from $30 to $250.
Router Example
Belkin, Netgear, Linksys are all great routers that
will work for your home network. These are also
the type that will be great for the price paid.
LINKSYS Wireless Router
Network Component
Bridge
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The bridge acts similar to what was described in the Switch
section. It operates using an Ethernet MAC for routing. The
way to use the network equipment to allow more
communications to happen in between the networks. In the OSI
model, bridging takes place in the first two layers.
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The bridging component has four types of technologies. Simple,
multiport, transparent, source route. People with home or small
office networks use a bridge for the different information needed
to share files among all computers in that local network. Wired
computers are able to communicate with other wired
computers, and wireless with wireless computers.
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The cost for a bridge ranges from $40 to $200 for a home or
office use one.
Bridge Example
Netgear is a valuable type of Bridge to
be used for your personal network.
Netgear Bridge
Network Component
Gateway
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A link made by a gateway connects between two computer
programs. It is basically connecting in the same manner as
using a forum or proxy server between the networks. A gateway,
also known as a protocol converter, can be used in any network
OSI layer.
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This device is more complex than a router or switch component.
For it is communication using more than one protocol. They are
using a connection over the internet and can be accessed by
the users in that server via this network type.
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The cost for a gateway server from what I have seen range
from $65 to $500.
Gateway Example
Juniper seems to be a good component
network for using a gateway type server.
Juniper SRX210 Service Gateway
Network Component
Firewall
In the computing world, a firewall is a software that is a network
that controls the incoming and outgoing traffic . All items run
through a security system and is then approved/disapproved
based on the given set of rules.
 The benefits of having a firewall is it can protect against many
of the threats that are received from the public internet. It helps
keep viruses and other types of malware from sometimes
getting through to your personal computer. It helps set a barrier
between a trusted internal network with another network.
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The firewall cost can get very expensive with the different
setups. It can range from $100 to the $1000s.
Firewall Example
Below is a diagram on how the firewall
works to your benefit.
Firewall diagram
Network Component
Wireless access point (WAP)
The Wireless Access Point (WAP) is an example of wireless
networking. This is what connects both the wired and wireless
world together. They operate in the IEEE 802.11.
 The WAP is usually connected to the router. But in today’s
technological world, our routers usually come with a integral
component built inside to avoid this process. This was a huge
breakthrough in our world today. It makes the uses of wires
needed to access the internet disappear and no longer needed.
We have many advantages from this type of device and helps
avoid difficult wired connections.
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Wireless Access Points can range anywhere between $25 and
$140 depending on the range and stability required
WAP Example
Wireless networks are setup at homes,
businesses, and our schools to help us access
information throughout the building. Cisco and
LINKSYS (just like our routers) are great buys.
Wireless Access Point