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Tenerife, Canary Islands is the location of the worst aviation
disaster in history. On March 27, 1977, 583 people were
killed. A KLM 747, like the one just shown, collided with a
Pan Am 747 after the captain of the KLM plane started his
takeoff roll without proper clearance from ATC. All aboard
the KLM aircraft were killed.
This is just one example of a
Runway Incursion.
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Paul B. Jones
Airworthiness
Safety Program Manager
Runway Incursion Awareness
for IA’s, and who ever will
listen!
Program Background
• Runway Incursion activities ongoing
since 1990
• Action plans developed as early as
1991.
• Program one of FAA’s top five
initiatives
• Administrator established higher level
executive oversight
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Runway Incursion Definition
“Any occurrence at an airport involving
an aircraft , vehicle, person or object
on the ground that creates a collision
hazard or results in loss of separation
with an aircraft taking off, intending to
takeoff, landing, or intending to land”
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RI Classifications
Runway incursions result from three
types of surface incidents:
– Operational Errors (OE)
– Pilot Deviations (PD)
– Vehicle/Pedestrian Deviations (V/PD)
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1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
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Trends and Statistics
1997
1998
1999
Jan
20
24
28
Feb
22
20
22
Mar
22
23
17
Apr
21
26
22
May
25
22
29
Jun
29
32
29
Jul
37
23
39
Aug
28
28
23
Sep
23
38
32
Oct
31
30
24
Nov
14
36
25
Dec
20
23
32
Total
292
325
322*
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1990 1991
1992 1993
1994 1995
1996
1997
S1
1998
1999
* 4QCY99 data is based on preliminary reports and is subject to change following final investigative results.
Earlier data has been corrected and reflects final data.
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Southern Region Trends and
Statistics
1997
2001
VPD
25%
OE
30%
1998
2000
VPD
16%
PD
45%
1999
OE
28%
1999
VPD
18%
PD
56%
PD
57%
OE
25%
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Deviations by
Operation Type
150
138
General Aviation (G/A)**
Commercial Aviation
119
120
104
95
86
90
64
64
60
40
30
20
39
42
45
44
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*CY99 numbers not finalized yet.
**Includes military and public aircraft
0
CY93
CY94
CY95
CY96
CY97
CY98
CY99*
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Leading Causal Factors
• Situational Awareness
• Mechanic/Controller
Communications “Mike fright”
• Airport taxiway familiarity
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Why are
you telling
me?
January 23, 2000
An mechanic/RII inspector in a
Jetstream 31 on a test run-up
crossed a runway without
clearance, conflicting with
departing traffic. Traffic departed
overhead with 200 feet vertical
separation.
Corrective Action: The mechanic
quit the company and voluntarily
surrendered his certificate.
February 29, 2000
A new IA crossed an active runway
without authorization . When she
realized that she made a wrong turn
she returned back across the runway.
She claimed to be confused by the
construction barricades around the
terminal area.
Corrective Action: FAA LOI was
issued. The repair station disciplined
the employee and her AOA privileges
were removed.
September 13, 1999
An rush hour commuter went
around a gate, drove across a farm
field onto an active runway while
trying to avoid a traffic jam on a
nearby highway. At the same time
a Cessna was cleared for take-off.
Corrective Action: The driver was
arrested. The airport installed
fencing along the field.
December 10, 1999
A construction delivery vehicle drove
across the end of an active runway to
deliver materials to a contractor. He
removed three bolts on a gate to gain
access to the AOA, drove around a
second barricade and past several
signs.
Corrective Action: Additional signs were
added. The gate was better secured.
Information is not available on the
driver.
“Maintenance One contact
grou..d aht point sivd..sigred..uen
when clear”
 “Roger Ground, contact d
aht point seven.. six?..uh..
*%#@, what did you say!”
“What’s he trying
to tell me?”
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Read back...
All runway crossing and/or
hold short instructions.
Use correct Aviation Phraseology
RogerI have received all of your last transmission.
Say AgainRepeat what you just said.
Read BackRepeat my message back to me.
NegativeNo, that is not correct.
VerifyRequest confirmation of information.
StandbyWait (not approval or denial).
AffirmativeYes.
HoldStop where you are.
CorrectionAn error was made in my last transmission.
UnableI can’t do it.
Go AheadState your request (never means “proceed”)
Hold short of...- Proceed to, but hold short of a specific point.
ProceedYou are authorized to begin or continue moving.
Know and Understand Airport
Signs
Light Signals
Steady Green - Proceed
Steady Red - Stop
F -l- a- s- h- i- n- g R- e- d -
Clear the runway/taxiway
F -l- a- s- h- i- n- g W- h- i- t- e - Return to starting point
Alternating Green and Red- Use caution- General warning
Review Airport Layouts
As part of your
planning, be familiar
with the airport.
Review Notices to Airman
(NOTAM)
U. S . De p a rt m e n t o f Tra n s p o rt a t io n
Fe de ra l Av ia t io n Adm inis t ra t io n
NOTICES TO
AIRMEN
_____________________
December 2,2001
For runway
crossing and/or
hold short
instructions.
Right of Way
Emergency Vehicles do not have the right of way
over aircraft.
Airport Operation Vehicles do not have the right of
way over aircraft.
Pedestrians do not have
the right of way.
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Aircraft always have the right-of-way.
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Check for traffic
before entering
any taxiway or
runway.
Turn on aircraft lights
While taxiing
Clear taxiways and active
runways
Safely, and as
quickly as possible,
Clear taxiways and active
runways
…then wait for taxi instructions
before further movement.
Request progressive
taxi instructions
Anytime
“Aviation Safety,
is the business of
all who
participate!”
“Please help spread the word of
runway incursion prevention.”
Paul B. Jones
Aviation Safety Program Manager
Nashville Flight Standards District Office
2 International Plaza Drive
Suite 700
Nashville, Tennessee 37217
615-781-5430
paul.b.jones@faa.gov
www.faa.gov/fsdo/bna
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