Nomenclature and Formula Writing
Ionic Compounds (metal + nonmetal)
ex.
Binary Compounds (two elements only)
- write the name of the metal (positively charged)
- then write the name of the nonmetal using the ide ending.
Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
- write the name of the metal or positively charged ion
- write the name of the complex ion
ex.
METAL NONMETAL STEM + IDE
NaCl
sodium chloride
MgBr2 magnesium bromide
METAL COMPLEX ION
CaSO4
calcium sulfate
NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate
or sodium hydrogen carbonate
Multivalent Metals - Compounds where the metal has more than one oxidation number
 write the name of the metal
 write the oxidation number using roman numerals in parentheses
o
or write the name with the "ic" (higher oxidation #) or "ous" (lower oxidation #) ending. Some metals use their
Latin names with these endings.
 write the nonmetal or the complex ion
ex.
Cu2O copper(I) oxide
cupric
Cu2+
cuprous Cu+
or
ferric
Fe3+
ferrous Fe2+
cuprous oxide
auric
aurous
CuO copper(II) oxide
Au3+
Au+
plumbic Pb4+
plumbousPb2+
or
cupric oxide
stannic Sn4+
stannous Sn2+
mercuric Hg2+
mercurous Hg+
Molecular Compounds (Covalent Compounds) (nonmetal + nonmetal)
 because nonmetals combine in more than one ratio, we must use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the
formula.
 the following prefixes are used:
 if the prefix is followed by a vowel, the final "a" or "o" is dropped
 exception: the prefix mono is omitted for the first element only.
1
ex.
mono-
3
2
di4
N2O dinitrogen monoxide
tritetraN2O5
5
penta-
6
hexadinitrogen pentoxide
7
hepta-
8
octaCO carbon monoxide
9
nona-
10 decaCO2 carbon dioxide
Hydrates - Ionic Compounds
There are many compounds that crystallize from a water solution with water molecules adhering to the particles of the crystal. These
hydrates, as they are called, usually contain a specific ratio of water to compound. Chemists use heat to dry these compounds and then
calculate the ratio of compound to water. An example of a hydrate is NiSO3•6H2O. The dot shows that 6 molecules of water adhere to 1
formula unit. To name the compound, name the portion preceding the dot, followed by the prefix for the number and hydrate. The above
compound would be named:
NiSO3•6H2O nickel(II) sulfite hexahydrate
Acids
Acids are a group of compounds that are given special treatment in naming. Acids are defined in several ways, but in general, we can say
that acids are compounds that give off hydrogen in water. The formula of an acid is one or more hydrogens bonded to a monatomic or
polyatomic anion. The way that the acid is named is determined by the suffix of the anion.
hydrogen
hydrogen
hydrogen
ide
ate
ite
becomes
becomes
becomes
hydro
_ic acid
ic acid
ous acid
examples:
HCl
HClO4
HClO3
HClO2
HClO
hydrogen chloride
hydrogen perchlorate
hydrogen chlorate
hydrogen chlorite
hydrogen hypochlorite
becomes
becomes
becomes
becomes
becomes
hydrochloric acid
perchloric acid
chloric acid
chlorous acid
hypochlorous acid
1. Binary Ionic Compounds. Give the correct names for each of the compounds listed below.
a)
NaCl
n)
ZrS2
b)
FrBr
o)
AgI
c)
KF
p)
BaSe
d)
RaS
q)
MgO
e)
LiI
r)
LaBr3
f)
Li3N
s)
Sr3N2
g)
AlBr3
t)
Cd3As2
h)
CdCl2
u)
Rb2Se
i)
K2O
v)
Rb3N
j)
InF3
w)
BaF2
k)
ZnO
x)
ZrTe2
l)
Y2O3
y)
Cs3P
m)
CaTe
z)
Y2O3
2. Binary Ionic Compounds. Write the correct chemical formula for each of the following compounds.
a)
potassium bromide
n)
potassium nitride
b)
zinc bromide
o)
aluminum bromide
c)
lithium iodide
p)
zinc phosphide
d)
scandium chloride
q)
magnesium sulfide
e)
magnesium chloride
r)
hafnium chloride
f)
magnesium oxide
s)
barium sulfide
g)
hydrogen sulfide
t)
tantalum oxide
h)
gallium iodide
u)
zirconium nitride
i)
sodium oxide
v)
potassium selenide
j)
magnesium selenide
w)
germanium fluoride
k)
calcium fluoride
x)
francium phosphide
l)
aluminum oxide
y)
zinc arsenide
m)
beryllium chloride
z)
scandium telluride
3. Polyatomic Ions. Give the correct names for each of the compounds listed below.
a)
CaSO4
n)
Ta(IO3)5
b)
Ca3(AsO4)2
o)
(NH4)3PO4
c)
NH4Cl
p)
AgClO
d)
Mg3(AsO3)2
q)
KOH
e)
NaC2H3O2
r)
NaC8H11N2O3
f)
NaOCN
s)
HNO3
g)
Al2(SO4)3
t)
In(VO3)3
h)
K2Cr2O7
u)
Na2HPO3
i)
NH4NO3
v)
Ta2(TeO4)5
j)
KSCN
w)
Ca(NO)2
k)
Al(OH)3
x)
Zn(VO3)2
l)
MgS2O8
y)
Ba(OH)2
m)
NaHCO3
z)
CaC8H4O4
4. Polyatomic Ions. Write the correct chemical formula for each of the following compounds.
a)
sodium acetate
n)
silver fluorite
b)
aluminum tetraborate
o)
scandium hydroxide
c)
calcium bromate
p)
aluminum citrate
d)
sodium silicate
q)
hafnium nitrate
e)
magnesium citrate
r)
francium hydrogen oxalate
f)
calcium tungstate
s)
rubidium permanganate
g)
potassium cyanide
t)
gallium sulfite
h)
zinc phthalate
u)
ammonium dichromate
i)
barium carbonate
v)
cesium hypochlorite
j)
indium stearate
w)
sodium phosphite
k)
calcium dichromate
x)
sodium dihydrogen phosphate
l)
yttrium tripolyphosphite
y)
sodium hydrogen phosphate
m)
zirconium bicarbonate
z)
zirconium uranate
5. Multivalent Metals. Give the correct names for each of the compounds listed below.
a)
FeI3
n)
PuPO4
b)
Bi2(SO4)3
o)
PdI4
c)
FeI2
p)
OsS2
d)
HgHCO3
q)
Co2S3
e)
NiO
r)
Ti3N4
f)
Pb(H2PO3)2
s)
MnO2
g)
CuBr2
t)
NiSO4
h)
Pt(CrO4)2
u)
Ti(Cr2O7)2
i)
Cr2O3
v)
FeSO3
j)
Sb2(SO5)3
w)
Os(NO3)4
k)
AuCl3
x)
Hg(NO2)2
l)
Np(MnO3)5
y)
SnSO4
m)
WO3
z)
AuCl3
6. Multivalent Metals. Write the correct chemical formula for each of the following compounds.
a)
lead(IV) oxide
n)
polonium(IV) sulfide
b)
antimony(V) bromite
o)
vanadium(V) iodate
c)
cobalt(II) fluoride
p)
plumbic phosphate
d)
ferric thiosulfate
q)
molybdenum(VI) benzoate
e)
copper(II) cyanide
r)
niobium(V) oxide
f)
stannic tartrate
s)
aurous silicate
g)
copper(I) nitride
t)
titanium(IV) sulfite
h)
platinum(IV) dichromate
u)
cobaltous chloride
i)
nickel(II) acetate
v)
samarium(III) nitrite
j)
tin(II) peroxydisulfate
w)
plumbic hydroxide
k)
gallium(III) acetate
x)
terbium (IV) periodate
l)
gold(III) uranate
y)
iridium(IV) periodate
m)
osmium(IV) sulfate
z)
stannous bicarbonate
7. Molecular Compounds. Give the correct names for each of the compounds listed below.
a)
CS2
i)
PBr5
b)
SF2
j)
N2O4
c)
CO
k)
SO3
d)
ICl3
l)
SO2
e)
CCl4
m)
N2O3
f)
As2O3
n)
Cl2O
g)
PBr3
o)
SF6
h)
IF5
p)
SiO2
8. Molecular Compounds. Write the correct chemical formula for each of the following compounds.
a)
nitrogen monoxide
i)
dinitrogen tetroxide
b)
carbon dioxide
j)
diphosphorus trisulfide
c)
iodine monochloride
k)
chlorine dioxide
d)
sulfur trioxide
l)
silicon disulfide
e)
chlorine trifluoride
m)
silicon tetrafluoride
f)
phosphorus pentachloride
n)
sulfur dioxide
g)
bromine pentafluoride
o)
tricarbon disulfide
h)
carbon tetrachloride
p)
dinitrogen pentoxide
9. Hydrates. Give the correct names for each of the compounds listed below.
a)
Li2SiF6•2H2O
f)
MgSO4•9H2O
b)
Na2B4O7•10H2O
g)
CaSO4•2H2O
c)
MgSO3•6H2O
h)
MgCl2•6H2O
d)
NaC2H3O2•3H2O
i)
FeSO4•7H2O
e)
CuSO4•5H2O
j)
NaHS•H2O
10. Hydrates. Write the correct chemical formula for each of the following compounds.
a)
calcium chloride hexahydrate
f)
plumbous acetate trihydrate
b)
barium chloride dihydrate
g)
aluminum chloride hexahydrate
c)
calcium nitrate tetrahydrate
h)
sodium dihydrogen phosphate nonahydrate
d)
sodium chromate tetrahydrate
i)
cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate
e)
copper(II) nitrate trihydrate
j)
cobaltous sulfate hexahydrate
11. Acids. Give the correct formula for each of the compounds listed below.
a)
hydrochloric acid
n)
hydroiodic acid
b)
citric acid
o)
phosphoric acid
c)
benzoic acid
p)
nitrous acid
d)
acetic acid
q)
thiosulfurous acid
e)
periodic acid
r)
nitric acid
f)
lactic acid
s)
hydrotelleric acid
g)
formic acid
t)
hydrocyanic acid
h)
iodic acid
u)
hydroselenic acid
i)
oxalic acid
v)
nitrous acid
j)
sulfurous acid
w)
hypooxalous acid
k)
sulfuric acid
x)
hydrofluoric acid
l)
carbonic acid
y)
boric acid
m)
phosphorous acid
z)
hydrosulfuric acid
12. Acids. Write the correct name for each of the following compounds.
a)
HC2H3O2(aq)
m)
HC5H8NO4(aq)
b)
H2B4O7(aq)
n)
H3PO4(aq)
c)
H3AsO3(aq)
o)
HClO(aq)
d)
HI(aq)
p)
HBr(aq)
e)
H3BO3(aq)
q)
H2C2O4(aq)
f)
HF(aq)
r)
H2CO3(aq)
g)
HCNO(aq)
s)
H2SiO2(aq)
h)
H2SO4(aq)
t)
HFO2(aq)
i)
H2C4H4O6(aq)
u)
HC17H35COO(aq)
j)
HCN(aq)
v)
H3PO3(aq)
k)
H(HCOO)(aq)
w)
HCl(aq)
l)
HNO3(aq)
x)
HBrO2(aq)
A. Review. Give the correct chemical formula for each of the following compounds.
1.
sodium hydroxide
35. nickel(II) peracetate
2.
copper(II) sulfide
36. mercuric chloride dihydrate
3.
potassium phosphide
37. dinitrogen trioxide
4.
ozone
38. sodium hypoiodite
5.
lithium nitride
39. potassium cyanide
6.
lithium hydride
40. potassium aluminum sulfate
7.
magnesium percarbonate
41. ammonium hypophosphite
8.
aluminum sulfite
42. potassium uranate
9.
sodium sulfate heptahydrate
43. lithium peroxide
10. sodium carbonite
44. perchloric acid
11.
45. ammonia
perchloric acid
12. calcium hyponitrite
46. iodous acid
13. nitrous acid
47. hydrogen peroxide
14. sulfurous acid
48. gold(III) periodate
15. zinc acetate trihydrate
49. sodium oxide
16. potassium hypochromite
50. sodium glutamate
17. barium nitride
51. iron(II) sulfate
18. cobalt(II) perphosphate
52. barium perchlorate
19. carbon dioxide
53. manganese(II) nitrate
20. sulfuric acid
54. osmium(IV) thiosulfate
21. iron(III) chloride
55. chromium(III) nitrate
22. chromium(III) acetate
56. boric acid
23. hydrobromic acid
57. rubidium acetate
24. silver carbonate
58. hypoiodous acid
25. hydrogen bromide
59. cerium(III) phosphate
26. barium chloride
60. nitrous acid
27. boron trifluoride
61. chromium(III) nitride
28. calcium hydroxide
62. nitric acid
29. calcium hydride
63. magnesium nitrate
30. lead(II) hyposulfite
64. hypoiodous acid
31. hypophosphorous acid
65. copper(II) tartrate
32. carbonic acid
66. arsenous acid
33. beryllium perchlorate
67. magnesium hexafluorosilicate
34. ferrous hydroxide
68. cyanic acid
B. Review. Give the correct names for each of the compounds listed below.
1.
SnO2
35. Na3PO4
2.
Sb2S3
36. Na2CrO4
3.
HgS
37. LiClO4
4.
MoS2
38. Zn(C2H3O)2
5.
FeS
39. Au(CN)3
6.
HgO
40. K2CrO4
7.
AuCl3
41. KHCO3
8.
NiBr2
42. Mn(OH)2
9.
MgO
43. Ba(SCN)2
10. NaBr
44. RbCN
11.
45. NaBrO
Al2O3
12. CaO
46. Al2(SO5)3
13. Ag2S
47. Fe(ClO)2
14. CaH2
48. (NH4)2CO3
15. K2CO3
49. Zn(NO2)2
16. (NH4)2S
50. Ca(NO3)2
17. Cr(NO3)2
51. NH4OH
18. KMnO4
52. NiPO2
19. SO3
53. NH3
20. P2S5
54. CaSO4
21. As2S3
55. Pb(HSO4)4
22. CCl4
56. Ca(ClO3)2
23. N2O4
57. AlPO4
24. NO
58. Li2CO2
25. H3BO3
59. PCl5
26. MgSCN
60. Mg(NO3)2
27. HNO2
61. SO2
28. As2S5
62. BaCr2O7
29. H3PO4
63. SrH2
30. Fe(NO3)2
64. H2SO4
31. H3AsO3
65. Na2O2
32. Cu2SO4
66. CsH2PO4
33. HIO3
67. Pb3(PO3)2
34. K2C2O4
68. HBr(aq)