BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE
IaN pg. 43
MAIN IDEAS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
It’s not the years in your life
that count. It’s the life in
your years.
-
Objective
Define &
describe the
structure &
function of the 4
main groups of
organic
compounds using
notes, lecture,
collaboration & a
concept map.
I. Carbohydrates
A. Main source of energy for all living things
B. Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
C. Monomers are simple sugars easily
converted to energy
D. Disaccharides (di means 2!)
1. Two monosaccharaides joined together by
dehydration
a. Lactose = glucose + galactose
b. Sucrose = glucose + fructose
c. Maltose = glucose + glucose
Sugar
fructose
sucrose
glucose
maltose
galactose
lactose
Sweetness
173%
100%
74%
33%
33%
16%
E. Polysaccharides
1. Stores excess sugars
a. Starch in plants
b. Glycogen in animals
2. Plants also polymerize
cellulose for structure
II. Lipids
A. Store energy
B. Form biological membranes and waterproof
coverings
C. Made mostly of carbon and hydrogen
D. Monomers of fatty acids attached to glycerol
molecules
E. Saturated Fats
1. Maximum # of hydrogen atoms
2. No double bonded Carbons in the chain
3. Solid at room temperature
F. Unsaturated Fats
1.
2.
Tend to be liquid at room temperature
Double bonded Carbons in the Chain
III. Proteins
A. 20 different amino acids in nature
= monomers
1. R group makes amino acids different
B. Functions
1.
2.
3.
4.
Enzymes
Muscle
Connective tissue
Bones
IV. Nucleic Acids
A. Transmit hereditary or genetic information
B. Instructions for building proteins
Nucleotide monomer
Building Blocks of Life
IaN pg. 42
• Create a quadrant graphic organizer
• Include at least 4 bullet points for each
macromolecule.
Carbohydr
ates
Lipi
ds
Proteins
Nucleic
Acids