Monday, September 23rd
To start, journal your food intake
from yesterday. Did you
participate in any physical
activity?
Think Nutritiously
Healthy Carbohydrates
Glucose, the simplest type of carbohydrate, is
the only thing that can be used to meet the
energy needs of the body, support the brain
and nervous system, and maintain a wellfunctioning digestive system.
• Objective:
– Identify the parts of the digestive system and their
functions.
– Explore how food is absorbed in the body.
• Vocabulary Words:
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Digestion
Absorption
Alimentary Canal
Saliva
Involuntary Reflex
Peristalis
Chyme
Villi
Digestion vs. Absorption
• Digestion is the process the body uses to
break the food into nutrients.
– Quick review: What is a nutrient?
• Absorption is the process by which nutrients
get from the digestive tract into the
transportation system that carries them to
cells throughout the body.
• Food is broken down in the digestive tract or
alimentary canal.
Digestive Tract
• There are seven parts to the digestive tract:
– Mouth
– Esophagus
– Stomach
– Small Intestine
– Large Intestine
– Rectum
– Anus
Mouth
• Sight, smell and taste of food stimulate the
flow of a saliva.
• Saliva’s job is to soften and moisten food.
• Swallowing is an involuntary reflex.
Esophagus
• The tube that connects the mouth to the
stomach.
• Muscles contractions called peristalsis carry
food along to its next location.
Stomach
• Churns and breaks down your meal and mixes
with gastric juices.
• The food now becomes a thin, soupy mixture
called chyme.
Small Intestine
• Digestion ends here.
• The tube is almost 6 meters (20 feet) long.
• The small intestine is divided into 3 sections:
– Duodenum
– Jejunum
– Illeum
Small Intestine
• Villi are hairlike projections that increases the
surface of the intestinal wall creating more
surface area for nutrient absorption.
• The food has now been digested.
• It will now be absorbed by the blood stream.
• Wastes will pass to the large intestine and
later be eliminated.
Large Intestine
• The large intestine has 4 sections:
– Ascending colon – goes up
– Transverse colon – goes across
– Descending colon – goes down
– Sigmod Colon – “S” shaped
Rectum and Anus
• End of the digestive tract.
• This is where waste is eliminated.
Other Organs – Intestinal Tract
• Liver – the processing plan for nutrients
• Gallbladder – Bile is stored here
• Pancreas – is endocrine and exocrine gland.
– It producing several important hormones,
including insulin and glucagon.
– It secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive
enzymes that pass to the small intestine.
– These enzymes help in the further breakdown of
the carbohydrates, protein, and fat in the chyme.
Nutrition Review
What are the seven parts of the
digestive tract?