Chapter 7 Trigeminal nerve
Trigeminal nerve

1 of 12 pairs
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

Cranial nerve V
Largest of the
cranial nerves
Divides into 3
branches
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Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular
Semilunar ganglion

Aka




Trigeminal
Gasserion
Dividing point of the
trigeminal nerve
Innervation

Supply of nerves to a
body part / area.
Ophthalmic branch / division


Provides innervation to the eyes.
Sensory nerve only. (not motor)
Maxillary Nerve

Innervates
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Upper jaw / teeth
4 main divisions /
branches
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PSA
Zygomatic
Infraorbital
pterygopalatine
Sensory nerve
Maxillary nerve divisions

Zygomatic nerve


Innervates the upper
side of the face
Cheek tissue
Maxillary nerve divisions

PSA
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
Posterior Superior
Alveolar nerve
Innervates

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
Maxilla
Alveolar process
Maxillary Molars

Except MB root of
#3 and #14
Maxillary nerve divisions

Infraorbital


2 main divisions /
branches
MSA
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Middle Superior
Alveolar nerve
Innervates
Max premolars
MB root of #3 and
#14
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ASA
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
Anterior Superior
Alveolar nerve
Innervates
Maxillary anterior
teeth
Incisors


Central and lateral
Cuspids
Maxillary nerve divisions
Maxillary nerve divisions

Pterygopalatine nerve

3 main divisions


Nasopalatine nerve
Greater palatine nerve



Aka anterior palatine
Lesser palatine nerve
Innervates the hard and soft palate
Maxillary nerve divisions

Nasopalatine nerve
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

Innervates the
anterior hard palate
Passes through the
incisive foramen
Only nerve of the
body that crosses
the midline.

Greater palatine
nerve


Innervates the
posterior hard palate
Passes through the
greater palatine
foramen

Aka anterior palatine
nerve.
Maxillary nerve divisions
Mandibular nerve

Innervates

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
Lower jaw
Side of face
Tongue
Alveolar process
Mandibular teeth
Chin

3 main divisions /
branches
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
Lingual
Buccal
IA


Inferior alveolar
2 branches


Mental
Incisive
Mandibular nerve divisions

Lingual nerve

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
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Innervates:
½ the tongue
Floor of the mouth
Lingual gingiva

Buccal

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

Aka long buccal
Innervates:
Lower side of the
face
Buccal gingiva
Mandibular nerve branches

Inferior Alveolar
nerve
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Mental nerve

Aka IA
Innervates
Mandibular molars
and premolars
Divides into


Mental
Incisive



Passes through the
mental foramen
Innervates
Chin / Lower lip
Incisive


Innervates
Mandibular cuspids
and incisors
Mandibular nerve branches
Types of injections

Block



Anesthetic is placed
near a main nerve
trunk / branch
Often near a
foramen
More common on the
mandible.

Infiltration



Anesthetic is flooded
around the nerve
endings.
Placed in spongy
bone
More common on the
maxilla.
Conclusion
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

Understanding nerves, injections and
innervation will help you prepare your
anesthetic syringe and needle.
You should know which nerves
innervate which teeth and be able to
answer questions from your patients.
Any questions?????