Rojo 9B
APUNTES
Direct Object Pronouns:
me
te
lo
la
nos
os
los
las
Me = me
nos = us
Te = you
os = you guys (Spain)
Lo = him, it, you (male ,formal)
Los = them, you guys
La = her, it, you (female, formal)
Las = them (female),
you gals (female)
Direct objects show who or
what receives the action of
the verb. To avoid repetition,
use a direct object pronoun.
Ex: I am watching the game. =
Yo veo el partido.
I am watching it. =
Yo LO veo.
1. Put the D.O.
pronouns BEFORE
a conjugated verb.
Ex: Yo los pego. = I hit them.
Berguita me besa. = Berguita kisses me.
Placement rules:
• 2. They can also be ATTACHED to an
infinitive, OR they can go BEFORE the
entire verb phrase when
there is an infinitive.
Ex: I am going to hit them! =
¡Yo los voy a pegar! OR ¡Voy a pegarlos!
Conocer
Present Progressive
Present Progressive
To say what is happening RIGHT NOW:
form of estar
estoy
estás
está
estamo
s
estáis
están
+
stem of
infin.
present participle
+
“ando” or
“iendo”
Ex: We are listening to music =
Estamos eschuando la música.
They are doing their homework =
Están haciendo su tarea.
(The “-ANDO” ,“-IENDO” and “-YENDO” in
Spanish are like “-ING” endings
in English.)
Present Progressive
• Used to say what is happening RIGHT NOW at
this VERY MOMENT. Ex: Leave me alone, I
am sleeping!
• Formula :
• 1. form of estar
V
+
2. present participle
V
estoy
estamos
estás
estáis
está
están
Stem of Plus:
infinitivo -ando
-iendo
-yendo
• Ex: We are listening to music =
•
Estamos eschuando la música.
• They are doing their homework =
•
Están haciendo su tarea.
• (The “-ANDO” ,“-IENDO” and “-YENDO”
in Spanish are like “-ING” endings
• in English.)
• Use “-ANDO” for –ar verbs
• “-IENDO” for –er and –ir verbs
• “-YENDO” for verbs whose Stems end in an
“E” or “I” like creer and leer
If this is the case, change the “i” to a “y”
so that you do not have 3 vowels in a row.
Ex:
Leer leyendo; Traer trayendo
--Estoy leyendo = I am reading.
•Key pregunta: ¿Qué estás haciendo
ahora? = What are you doing now?
For Reflexivos: (2 options)
Ex.: Maquillarse
I am putting on makeup. = 1) Me estoy
maquillando.
OR: 2) Estoy maquillándome.
**********************************************
****
“-ir” stem changers in present have a
DIFFERENT stem change
in the participle:
pedir = pidiendo
dormir = durmiendo
servir = sirviendo
venir = viniendo