Business Research Methods
QNT/561
Dr. Warren Huckabay
July 18, 2011
Team A
Haydee Acebo, Cokiliar Brown-Smith, AJ
Clark, Elijah German.
Table of Contents
1
• Business Problem
2
• Research Question
3
• Hypothesis
4
• Hypothesis Testing Procedure
5
• Study Variables
6 -7
• Data Collection Plan
8
• Data Collection Results
9
• Conclusion
10
• References
Team A
Business Problem
Nonprofit
Organization
Past
President
Approval
Ratings
Positive CoRelation to
President
Obama’s
Reelection
Accurate
Decision
Making
Team A p. 1
Research Question
Is there a difference in the
Roosevelt
average approval ratings
Truman
Clinton
during the period 16
months prior to election
of the presidents who
Bush H.W.
Eisenhower
were reelected and those
who were not?
Note: Research question will help
analyze if President Obama has more
probabilities of winning reelection
based on past approval ratings 16
months prior to election day.
Obama
Reagan
Johnson
Carter
Nixon
Ford
Team A p. 2
Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis : There is
no difference in the mean
approval rating during the
period 16 months prior
election for those presidents
0
1
who were reelected and
those who were not.
Presidential Approval Ratings 18
months before election
H :   2  0
Roosevelt
Truman
H
:




0
1
1
2
Alternate hypothesis:
65%
75%
There is a difference in the
mean approval rating
during the period 16
months prior election for
those presidents who were
reelected and those who
were not.
Eisenhower
51% 56%
45%
35%
46%
68%
64%
50%
Johnson
Nixon
Ford
Carter
Reagan
Bush (elder)
Clinton
Courtesy: www.gallup.com
Team A p. 3
Hypothesis Testing Procedure
Won Reelection
Lost Reelection
Bush H.W at
75% 18 months
before
Presidential
Election.
Test: Difference
between two independent
groups. Elected and not
Reelected.
Did average approval
ratings during 16 months
prior to reelection
changed for presidents
who were reelected and
those who were not?
Reagan at 45%
18 months before
Presidential
Election.
Team A p. 4
Study Variables
Discrete variables
Independent variable: employment rates, healthcare,
educational, and war
Dependent variable: President Obama approval ratings
Measures of central tendency for former Presidents:
mean, mode, median
Level of measurement for all study variables is ratio.
Team A p. 5
Data Collection Plan
Data was
collected
from
www.gallup.
com
Team A
collected
Gallup Poll
results of
approval
ratings for 10
United States
Presidents
Sample size:
President
Roosevelt,
Truman,
Eisenhower,
Johnson,
Nixon, Ford,
Carter,
Reagan,
Bush (elder),
and Clinton
Results
show three
presidents
lost
reelection,
some with
favorable
approval
rating
Team A p. 6
Data Collection Plan
(Continued)
Data was
collected
from
www.gallup.
com
Team A
collected
results of
approval and
disapproval
ratings for
President
Obama. 16month
period
Sample size:
1,500 adults
nationwide.
Study done
through
telephone
interviews
from March
2010 –June
2011
Results show
President
Obama has an
average
approval
rating of 47%
and an
average
disapproval
rating of 46%
Team A p. 7
Data Collection Results
Data collected for President Obama
shows the percentage of approval and
disapproval of plans such as, healthcare,
war, and education budgets.
Obama’s total approval rating is 47% and
disapproval of 46%.
Study Variables
Unemployed
Mean
Approve Healthcare Plan
19.688
Disapprove Healthcare Plan
10.235
Approved War Plan
16.425
Disapprove War Plan
13.156
Disapprove Educational Costs, Cuts and Budget
18 Mos before Election
9.5528
18.872
Approve Educational Costs, Cuts and Budget
Data collected for former
Presidents' approval rating shows
an average of 56% for those who
were reelected and an average of
48% for those who were not
reelected.
Approval
Re-elected?
%
(Yes / No)
1940
Roosevelt
56%
Yes
1948
Truman
54%
Yes
1956
Eisenhower
68%
Yes
1964
Johnson
64%
Yes
1972
Nixon
50%
No
1976
Ford
46%
No
1980
Carter
35%
No
1984
Reagan
45%
Yes
1992
Bush
75%
No
9.534
1996
Clinton
51%
Yes
15.354
2004
Bush
36%
No
Team A p. 8
Conclusion
P-value greater than significance level. Team A
Team A fails to reject the null hypothesis
fails to reject hypothesis
There is no difference in the mean approval
rating during the period 16 months prior
election for those presidents who were
reelected and those who were not
The statistic model is not a predictive value
tool to tell if President Obama can win
reelection. Non-profit organization saves time
by not rushing to decisions.
Team A p. 9
References
• Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2006). Business research
methods (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
• Gallup, Inc. (2011). www.Gallup.com. Retrieved from
http://www.gallup.com/poll/8608/reflections-presidentialjob-approval-reelection-odds.aspx
• Gallup Inc.. (2011). Gallup. Retrieved from
http://www.gallup.com/poll/113980/gallup-daily-obamajob-approval.aspx
• Lind−Marchal−Wathen: Statistical Techniques in Business
and Economics, 13th Edition 3. Describing Data: Numerical
Measures Text © The McGraw−Hill, 2008
Team A p. 10