NAME:________________________________
American History/Mr. Jordan
The Roaring Twenties
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the following using LEARNTCI.com or your textbook (Unit 8: Chapters 26-29, pgs. 331-382)
TERM
DEFINITION
1. Sacco and
a hotly protested criminal trial, held from 1920 to 1927, in which Italian
Vanzetti Trial
immigrants Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were convicted of
robbing and murdering two men and sentenced to death; many people
believed that the trial was unfair and that the defendants were
prosecuted because they were anarchists, not because they were
guilty
2. Recession
3. Radicalism
a period in which there is a decline in economic activity and prosperity
a point of view favoring extreme change, especially in social or
economic structure
4. Communism
an economic or political system in which the state or the community
owns all property and the means of production, and all citizens share
the wealth
5. Red
Scare
lasting from 1919 to 1920, a campaign launched by U.S. attorney
general Mitchell Palmer and implemented by Justice Department
attorney H. Edgar Hoover to arrest communists and other radicals
who promoted the overthrow of the U.S. government; revived during
the Cold War by Senator Joseph McCarthy during a period of
anticommunism lasting from 1950 to 1957
6. Palmer
Raids
conducted by Justice Department attorney J. Edgar Hoover at the
instruction of U.S. Attorney General Mitchell Palmer, a series of
unauthorized raids on homes, businesses, and meeting places of
suspected subversives that resulted in the arrest of 6,000 radicals,
often without any evidence against them
7. Civil
Liberties
a basic right guaranteed to individual citizens by law
8. Quota
System
established by the Emergency Immigration Act of 1921, a system
limiting immigration to the United States by permitting no more
immigrants from a country than 3 percent of the number of that
country's residents living in the United States in 1910; the Immigration
Act of 1924 reduced the quota to 2 percent of the number of a
country's residents living in the United States in 1890
1
NAME:________________________________
American History/Mr. Jordan
The Roaring Twenties
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the following using LEARNTCI.com or your textbook (Unit 8: Chapters 26-29, pgs. 331-382)
9. ACLU
(American Civil Liberties Union) an organization founded in 1920 to
defend Americans' rights and freedoms as given in the Constitution
10. Free Enterprise
System
an economic system that relies on private ownership of property,
competition for profits, and the forces of supply and demand to
produce needed goods and services and that discourages
government regulation; also known as capitalism
11. Teapot Dome
Scandal
a political scandal in which U.S. secretary of the interior Albert Fall leased national oil
reserves in Elk Hills, California, and Teapot Dome, Wyoming, to two companies that
had bribed him
12. Disarmament
the process of reducing the number of weapons in a nation's arsenal or the size of its
armed forces
13. Kellogg-Briand
Pact
an agreement made among most nations of the world in 1928 to try to settle
14. Speculators
a person who takes the risk of buying something in the hope of reselling it for a higher
international disputes by peaceful means rather than war
price
15. Dow Jones
Industrial Average
16. Consumer
Culture
17. Popular
Culture
a commonly used daily measure of stock prices
a culture that views the consumption of large quantities of goods as beneficial to the
economy and a source of personal happiness
the culture of ordinary people, including music, visual art, literature, and entertainment,
that is shaped by industries that spread information and ideas, especially the mass
media
18. League of
Women Voters
formed in 1920, a grassroots organization created to influence government and public
19. Jazz
Age
the era during the 1920s in which jazz became increasingly popular in the United
20. Harlem
Renaissance
an era of heightened creativity among African American writers, artists, and musicians
21. Spectator
Sports
22. Traditionalists
23. Modernists
policy by educating voters about public issues
States
who gathered in Harlem during the 1920s
a sport that attracts large numbers of fans
a person who has deep respect for long-held cultural and religious values
a person who embraces new ideas, styles, and social trends
2
NAME:________________________________
American History/Mr. Jordan
The Roaring Twenties
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the following using LEARNTCI.com or your textbook (Unit 8: Chapters 26-29, pgs. 331-382)
24. Fundamentalism
the belief that scripture should be read as the literal word of God and followed without
question
25. Volstead
Act
a law passed by Congress in 1919 to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment, which
26. Speakeasies
a secret club that sold alcohol during the era of prohibition
27. Bootlegging
the production, transport, and sale of illegal alcohol
28. Theory of
Evolution
developed by naturalist Charles Darwin in the mid-1800s, a scientific theory that all
prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages
plants and animals, including humans, evolved from simpler forms of life over
thousands or millions of years
29. Creationism
the belief that God created the universe
30. Scopes
Trial
a criminal trial, held in Dayton, TN in 1925, that tested the constitutionality of a
Tennessee law that banned the teaching of Darwin's theory of evolution in schools;
science teacher John Scopes was found guilty and fined for his conduct, leaving the
Tennessee law intact
Chapter 26: Understanding Postwar Tensions
1.
2.
3.
4.
Why was the Sacco and Vanzetti trial so controversial?
 Double Minority Status (Italian immigrants/Anarchists)
 Flimsy evidence
 Executed
 Total disregard for civil liberties protected by our Constitution
What were some reasons that led to the postwar recession?
 Demobilization
 Overproduction
 Cost of living increased
 Wages decreased or stayed the same
 Unemployment rose
 Standard of living decreased for most people
What is “radicalism” and who are some examples of radical groups from the 1920s?
 Extreme political beliefs
 Communists
 Socialists
 Anarchists
 Industrial Workers of the World (WOBBLIES)
What groups of people were discriminated against during the postwar years?
 African-Americans
 Immigrants
 Political radicals
 Women
3
NAME:________________________________
American History/Mr. Jordan
The Roaring Twenties
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the following using LEARNTCI.com or your textbook (Unit 8: Chapters 26-29, pgs. 331-382)
Chapter 27: The Politics of Normalcy
5.
What was “Normalcy” and why did President Harding call for a “Return to Normalcy?”

Normalcy: the concept of life as it was before World War I, when the nation could focus on its own domestic
prosperity, which Republican candidate Warren G. Harding promoted during the 1920 presidential election
campaign and which helped him win the presidency
6.
What were some of the popular beliefs among the Republican Party of the 1920s?




Supported Free Enterprise System
Cut Government spending
Tax cuts for wealthier tax bracket
Isolationism as a foreign policy
7.
What were some examples of new industrial innovation and what was their impact on the economy?







Henry Ford helped start the idea of MASS PRODUCTION
Automobile production: oil (gasoline), steel (frame/body), glass (windshield, mirrors, windows),
rubber (tires)
Scientific MGMT & Assembly Line
Highway construction
Airplane Industry
Plastics
Radio production
Chapter 28: Popular Culture in the Roaring Twenties
8.
What were some of the new trends of popular culture in the 1920s?



9.
Dance: Charleston and Marathon dancing
Entertainment: Vaudeville Theater, Nickelodeons, Magicians, Spectator Sports, Radio
Flight: Charles Lindbergh becomes first man to fly across Atlantic solo, Amelia Earhart was the
leading female aviator
What are some examples of consumer culture taking the US by storm in the 1920s?



Advertising: Marketing, Radio Ads, Newspaper Ads
Appliances: Refrigerator, Toaster-Oven, Washing Machine, Vacuum, Blender, etc.
Purchasing: Credit, Installment Buying, Loans, etc.
10. How did mass media impact the US in the 1920s?


Radio: News, Entertainment, Advertisements kept people informed on pop culture
Movies: Jolson, Valentine, Bow, Chaplin, etc.
4
NAME:________________________________
American History/Mr. Jordan
The Roaring Twenties
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the following using LEARNTCI.com or your textbook (Unit 8: Chapters 26-29, pgs. 331-382)
11.
What was the Harlem Renaissance and what were some of the accomplishments that came out of it?




Jazz: Blended the Blues and Ragtime and originated in New Orleans
Improvisation: Impromptu/Made-up on the spot
Artists: Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith
Night Clubs: Entertainment and music provided to an adult audience
Chapter 29: The Clash Between Traditionalism and Modernism
12. What are the causes and effects of the divide between traditionalists and modernists?



Rural v. Urban: Country and small town values v. Big city life
o Farmers: Many went bankrupt from overproduction and falling crop prices
o Cities: Urban areas offered more jobs as well as opportunities
Morality v. Entertainment: Religious and moral beliefs/values v. Fun and carefree behavior
o Prohibition: Many traditionalists believed that alcohol was the root of all evils and a
moral issues whereas modernists viewed it as a part of life and a way to let loose
Religion v. Science: Deeply rooted fundamental religious beliefs v. Scientific fact or evidence
o Scopes Trial: Traditionalists/modernists both viewed the other as dangerous and
contradictory towards their beliefs
13. What were some of the appeals of the urban life in the 1920s?

Movies, Theater, Museums, Night Clubs, Sporting Events, Education, Culture, Jobs
14. Who supported prohibition originally and why was it not successful?
 Supporters: Drys, Women, Traditionalists
15. Reasons for Failure: Volstead Act was underfunded, Organized crime and bootleggers, more people were
drinking, American culture of alcohol use
16. What happened during the Scopes Trial?




Tennessee passed the Butler Act that did not allow for the teaching of evolution in public schools
ACLU supported John T Scopes challenge of the law
Much publicized trial followed led by prosecuting attorney and perennial Democratic
presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan and infamous defense attorney Clarence Darrow
Scopes was found guilty but it furthered the debate and divide between traditionalists and
modernists
5