Table Of Contents
Computer Basics.....2-4
Revolutions in Computing Timeline…..5-7
Evaluating Websites…..8
Glossary…..9
Bibliography……10
1
Computer Basics
What is a computer?
-“an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form,
according to instructions given to it in a variable program”
What is hardware?
-A hardware is a machine that is a physical component of a computer and other systems
what are the main hardware Components of a computer?
CPU (CU,ALU)
main memory/immediate Access storage (primary storage)
secondary storage
input/output devices
What is an operating system?
an operating system is a software that helps the computer's basic functions
2
what is the purpose of an operating system?
"it manages the hardware and software resources of the system. it provides a stable, consistent way for applications to deal with the
hardware without having to know all the details of the hardware"
what is software?
Software is the operating information that’s used by a computer.
Give some samples of software
“Operating system help you open the computer and actually interact.
-device drivers or the software, is basically software that will send your document to printer or too your computer’s hard drive.
-windows system is the main programme.
-programming software is a software used by many computer engineers and technicians programming software, using different
programming languages.”
3
identify common user interface elements and describe their functions?
“-appearance of the search box
-clearly marked collapsible? Expandable content
-AJAX loading indicator
-location of shopping cart and login and register functions
-expiration date format on credit card form
-easily identifiable links.”
What is a peripheral?
A peripheral is a device that is not a necessary in order for a computer to function, this hardware device is an alternative used to
perform additional tasks, and each has its particular function. Some excellent examples of computers peripherals are the keyboard
and mouse; the mouse is used to navigate the computer and a keyboard is a typewriter that is almost always used with a computer.
Other examples include a printer and scanner
What peripherals are commonly used?
The ones I already mentioned above such as a keyboard and a mouse. Also a mouse.
What is a network? What is the difference between a network and a stand alone network?
A network is a connection between two or more computers, they can be linked through cables, radio waves ect..
A stand alone environment is when a single computer runs alone.
4
Revolutions in Computing Timeline
Year
What is it?
Why is it important?
Interesting fact
Abacus
2600BC
An abacus is usually made out
of wood and it holds a frame
that holds metal rods with
beads mounted on them
The abacus is very important because it
helps educate children in math and its
early invention helped us with most of
our modern counting devices
Did you know that before the abacus people
would count with their hands and toes and if
the number was bigger, they’d add pebbles
and twigs
Antikythra mechanism
19001901
The antikythra mechanism is an
ancient mechanical computer
The antikythra mechanism is important
because it has a unique window on
history and allows you to learn about
the ancient Greeks
The antikythra mechanism is currently in
the Greek National Archaeological
Museum in Athens
Joseph-Marie Jacquard,
Punchcard controlled loom
1801
“Jacquard's loom
mechanism is controlled by
recorded patterns of holes
in a string of cards, and
allows, what is now known
as, the Jacquard weaving of
intricate patterns.”
Charles Babbage, Difference
Engine
1822
“A difference engine is an
automatic mechanical
calculator designed to
tabulate polynomial
functions”
Samuel Morse, Telegraph
1832
A telegraph is a system for
sending messages from a
distance with a wire
The telegraph allowed people to
communicate from a distance in just
seconds. It’s also the inspiration to the
invention of the phone.
Sir Charles Wheatstone, paper
1857
A paper tape is a long strip of
There was a problem years after the
telegraph was made, that you can only
John Napier, Calculation
Tables
5
In 1823, the government paid
Charles Babbage £1500 to construct
it
“The word telegraph was developed by
Frenchman Claude Chappe who took the
Greek
words tele meaning distance and graphien
meaning to write, giving the word the
meaning "writing at a distance."”
By 1858, the paper tape could have 100 words
tapes
paper with stored data
send 10 words a minute. So 20 years
later, paper tapes were invented for
storage, and transmission of data.
a minute.
A typewriter and a computer have the same
key line
Stoles, Glidden and Soule,
typewriter
1868
A typewriter is a “manual
machine with keys for
Producing print like characters one
at a time on paper inserted around a
roller.”
I was important because it helped
people write things faster
Herman Hollerith, Tabulating
Machine
1890 1.
The tabulating machine was
designed to help process data for
the 1890 U.S. Census.
Colossus
1944
“The tabulating machine was
an electromechanical
machine designed to assist
in summarizing information
and, later, accounting.”
The colossus was the first
electronic digital computer
Bell Labs, the Transistor
1947
A portable radio used with
circuits
“The transistor has become the
fundamental building block of
modern electronic devices”
The transistor is everywhere in
modern electronic systems.
Texas Instruments and
Fairchild Semiconductor,
Integrated Circuit
1949
The integrated circuit is another
name for a chip. It’s an
electronic device made from
semiconductor material
The integrated circuit processes all of
the information in a computer.
Two different inventors invented
almost identical integrated circuits at
nearly the same time.
IBM 360
1964
“The IBM System/360 (S/360)
was a mainframe computer
system”
ARPANET
1966
ARPANET is internet
It was the very first internet ever made
Intel, 1K RAM CHIP (the
4004)
1971
It was a 4-bit CPU
It was made for usage in
calculators
Jonathan Titus, Mark 8
1974
BBN, Telenet
1974
“The Mark-8 is a
microcomputer design from
1974, based on the Intel
8008 CPU”
Telenet was a commercial
packet switched network
“The Colossus computers were used
by British code
breakers during World War II to help
in the cryptanalysis of the Lorenz
cipher”
Word Processor invented
Paul Allen and Bill Gates
invent BASIC
1980
USENET
6
“An Internet service
consisting of thousands of
newsgroups”
TCP/IP
1981
TCP/IP is used to connect hosts
through the internet and is used
for transmitting data over
networks
Apple Macintosh
1984
Apple Macintosh is the first
Mac computer
It was the inspiration to the new Mac
computers
Microsoft Windows 1.0
1985
It was the first Microsoft
windows
“It was Microsoft's first attempt to
implement a multi-tasking graphical
user”
The Internet
1950
“An international computer network
providing e-mail and information
from computers in educational
institutions”
The internet is very important because it
helps us connect to the worlds
information
Apple iPod
2001
An Apple iPod is an electrical
device that stores music, videos
and pictures
Its just for your entertainment
Apple iPhone
2007
An Apple iPhone is a smart
phone that can also store music,
videos and pictures
iPhone is also for entertainment but
when iPhones have data, they can also,
just like the internet, help us find
information
2012
An amazon kindle is a software
and hardware platform
Apple iPad
2010
An Apple iPad is a tablet
computer
Same as the iphone
Its an electronic device used to
contact people (a phone)
Same as the iphone
3D printing allows people to change
any digital file in a three dimensional
figure
3D Printing
1984
A 3D printer prints threedimensional pictures from a
digital model
Leap Motion Controller
2010
The leap motion controller is
a computer sensor device
that supports hand and
finger motions and does not
require hand contact or
touching.
The Cloud
7
The iPod got 40,000 songs sold every 10
minutes
“‘Artists’ icon on an iPhone or iPod touch is
a silhouette of Bono, the lead singer for
U2.”
“it’s been five years since Amazon
introduced us to the Kindle brand”
Amazon Kindle
Android
America is in third place for the world’s
most internet users.
“Over 25 million iPads have been sold in
14 months”
Evaluating Websites
http://cleverlogic.net/content/lesson-2-functions-major-hardware-components-computer-systemf
The title of the website:
Functions of the major hardware components in a computer system
This website is a very good website because it gives you great and a lot of information and
describes everything clearly
The name of the author is Joshua Kissoon. The purpose of this website is educational and public
service information. This website is about the functions of the major hardware components in a
computer system. It provides balanced, objective, or factual information. Its also very well
maintained. Its well designed, organized and easy to read.
8
Glossary
What is a computer?
-“an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form,
according to instructions given to it in a variable program”
What is hardware?
-A hardware is a machine that is a physical component of a computer and other systems
What is an operating system?
an operating system is a software that helps the computer's basic functions
what is software?
Software is the operating information that’s used by a computer.
What is a peripheral?
A peripheral is a device that is not a necessary in order for a computer to function, this hardware device is an alternative used to perform
additional tasks, and each has its particular function. Some excellent examples of computers peripherals are the keyboard and mouse; the
mouse is used to navigate the computer and a keyboard is a typewriter that is almost always used with a computer. Other examples
include a printer and scanner
9
Bibliography
"Computer." Webopedia. Copyright 2013 QuinStreet Inc. All Rights Reserved., 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. <http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/computer.html>.
"Hardware." Webopedia. Copyright 2013 QuinStreet Inc. All Rights Reserved., 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
"Operating System." What Is OS ()? © 2013 Computer Hope, 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
"Software." What Is ? All Rights Reserved,Copyright 2001 - 2013, TechTarget, 2001-2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
"Peripheral Device." Webopedia. Copyright 2013 QuinStreet Inc. All Rights Reserved., 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
"Network." Webopedia. Copyright 2013 QuinStreet Inc. All Rights Reserved., 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
"What Is the Difference in a Network vs. Standalone Installation?" What Is the Difference in a Network vs. Standalone Installation? © 1993-2013 Express Technology Inc., 1993-2013.
Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
"ChidoWare." The Main Computer Hardware Components. Copyright © 2009 - 2013 Chidoware Computer Hardware, 2009-2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
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