2700-2200 BC Chapter 4 Section 2

►
Quiz at the end.

►
The ancient Egyptians believed the
was king –and- god
►
They believed he came to earth to manage
Egypt for the rest of the gods
►
They would get their own
►
Does this sound like a job you would like?

►
If crops did not grow, it was his fault
►
If there was disease, it was his fault
►
If trade was bad, it was his fault
►
If there was a war, it was his fault

►
Egypt started to develop lower, middle, and upper classes
►
They believed an organized society would keep them strong

►
The
was at the top of society

the lowest class and most people belonged to it
►
When their fields were flooded, farmers would work on the pharoah’s projects, e.g. pyramids. They were paid for their work.
►
Slaves were mostly prisoners of war.

►
Egyptians started to travel south to Nubia and acquired gold, ivory, copper, building stones, and slaves.
►
Egypt had little wood so they traded with
Syria or took apart captured ships =
►
Wood for burning and building.

►
Egyptians practiced
(poly=many, theism=gods).
►
They had gods for nearly everything
►
Watch!

goddess of childbirth and fertility, who breathed life into humans at birth, represented as a frog or a frog
Horus - the falcon -headed god, son of Isis, god of pharaohs and Upper Egypt goddess of magical power and healing, "She of the Throne" who was represented as the of Atum or Atum-Ra, a goddess who was seen as the mother and grandmother of the gods, referred to as
Khepry - the scarab beetle, the embodiment of the dawn
Khnum - a creator deity, god of the inundation the son of Amun and Mut, whose name means "wanderer", which probably refers to the passage of the moon across the sky, as he was a lunar deity. In the late period, he was also considered an important god of healing the personification of darkness that often took the form of a frog-headed god, whose consort was the snake chief male deity of the time and region, a god of war , weather , and protector of matrilineality , his cult arrived during the represented as a woman, sitting or standing, holding a sceptre in one hand and an ankh in the other - thought to have created order out of the primal where enemies of the pharaoh were decapitated with protector of Egypt, royalty, and the pharaoh with her extended wings - referred to as throne , also the wife of Osiris and goddess of the underworld[
Mafdet's claw ; alternately, a cat , a mongoose
Menhit - goddess of war - depicted as a lioness -goddess and therefore becoming associated with Sekhmet goddess, sometimes triple-headed, dweller on the top of or the personification of the pyramid-shaped mountain , Al goddess of childbirth, and the creator of each person's Ka , a part of their soul, thereby associated with
Menthu - an ancient god of war - nomad - represented strength, virility, and victory hand and an upheld right arm holding a flail. As Khem or Min, he was the god of reproduction; as Khnum, he was the creator of all things, "the maker of gods and men". By the New Kingdom he was also fused with Amen in the deity Min was the sacred bull of Heliopolis. The bull was associated with Ra as the offspring of the solar cow deity, and possibly also with Min. When Akhenaten abandoned the other god named Amun (Amen) in favour of the Aten he claimed that he would maintain th
, was originally a title of the primordial waters of the cosmos, the mother from which the cosmos emerged, as was Naunet in the Ogdoad cosmogony, however, the distinction between motherhood and cosmic water lead to the separation of these identit
Naunet - a goddess, the primal waters from which all arose, similar to Mut and later closely related to Nu goddess of war, then great mother goddess - a name of the primal waters, the goddess of creation and weaving, said to weave a
Mother of Mothers, who hath existed from the Beginning, and Creatrix of the World sister to Isis and the nursing mother of Horus and the pharaohs represented as the mistress of the temple, a woman with goddess of heaven and the sky - mother of many deities as well as the sun, the moon, and the stars the oldest son of the sky goddess, Nut, and the Earth god, Geb, and being brother and later, the husband of Isis deity of merged aspects of Sekhmet and Bast , cult center at Beni Hasan where north and south met lioness
Ptah - a creator deity, also god of craft the sun, also a creator deity - whose chief cult centre was based in Heliopolis meaning "city of the sun"

►
Re, or Amon Re, the Sun God

►
Egyptians believed that after you leave this earth you go to
►
It was a happy place where people were young and healthy
►
They believed in ka or a person’s life force
►
When a person died their were buried.
ka left the body, but stayed behind with the body where they

►
The ka needed to eat, sleep, and be entertained
►
The dead person’s relatives would feel the tomb with favorite foods, drinks, jewelry, weapons, and furniture

►
►
►
►
A person’s body had to be preserved
If it decayed, its ka would not recognize it and would not eat or drink
To keep the ka happy, the
Egyptians invented embalming to keep the dead body from decaying
This was only done for the rich.
Poor people left the bodies in the desert to dry and this preserved them too.

►
Step 1: Cut open the body
►
Step 2:
Take out organs and put them in

►
Step 3: add special drying out substance and oils
►
Step 4: Wrap with linen cloths and bandages
►
Step 5: Tuck in some charms
►
Step 6: Let sit for 5,ooo years.

►
The
was placed in a case called a

►
Pyramids were royal tombs
►
The largest is the Great Pyramid of Khufu near Giza, Egypt

►
They pointed to the sky and symbolized the journey the pharoah would take to the afterlife
►
They wanted the tombs beautiful because they believed the pharoah would give them a good afterlife if he was happy with his tomb when he died.
►
To keep him safe, many spells and prayers were written inside the tombs. They were called
Pyramid Texts.

Canopic jars pharoahs
polytheism embalming Largest pyramid
Ka Osiris is associated with this
Royal tombs
Top of the society pyramid pyramids
Pyramid texts Stored organs makes a strong, organized society
Isis is associated with this
Scribes FREE
Space
Life force of the dead
Many gods Khufu
Body preservation system
Society pyramid magic
Knew how to write
Underworld
Safety spells