Name: ____________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: ____
MARINE SCIENCE 1 HONORS SECOND SEMESTER REVIEW
MARINE POPULATIONS
1. Explain the adaptations to the marine environment in terms of pigments and structures of the following
algae:
a. Phaeophyta
b. Chlorophyta
c. Rhodophyta
2. Give adaptations to the marine environment for the following groups based on their buoyancy,
pigments, reproductions, and movement methods.
Cyanobacteria
Dinophyta
Bacillariophyta
Examples
Adaptations
3. Explain the adaptations to the marine environment of the following invertebrate phylums in terms of
their movement, specialized systems, protection, and feeding methods.
a.
Porifera
b. Cnidarian
c. Ctenophora
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d. Mollusca
e. Annelida
f. Arthropoda
g. Echinodermata
4. Describe adaptations and give examples of the different fish classes.
Agnatha
Osteichthyes
Chondrichthyes
Examples
Adaptations
5. What is the function of the swim bladder? In which class of fish is it found?
6. What are the energy saving techniques used by the class Chondrichthyes?
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7. Describe the different body shapes of fish. Give an example of each.
Body Shape
Description
Drawing
Examples
8. Give the functions for the following fins and write the
that corresponds to it from the picture on the right:
_____anal fin
letter
_____caudal fin
_____dorsal fin
_____pectoral fin
_____pelvic fin
9. Describe adaptations of species found in the class Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia. Give examples.
Class
Reptilia
Aves
Mammalia
Adaptations
Examples
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10. Describe adaptations of species found in the following mammalian orders:
Sirenia
Pinnipedia
Cetacea
Carnivora
11. Describe how echolocation works. What benefit does it serve toothed whales?
12. What are the two suborders of whales? Give adaptations for both of them?
Suborder
(common name)
Adaptations
MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
13. Define estuary?
14. Describe the classification system of estuaries based on their origin?
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15. Describe the following types of estuaries:
a. Vertically mixed
b. Slightly stratified
c. Highly stratified
d. Salt wedge
16. Explain where euryhaline and stenohaline organisms are more likely to be found in an estuary.
17. Describe the physical and biological components of the following coastal ecosystems:
Mangrove
Salt marshes
18. Describe characteristics of the three different types of mangrove trees.
Red Mangroves
White Mangroves
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Seagrasses
Black Mangroves
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19. In what order would you find mangrove species if looking at the shoreline from a boat?
20. Discuss the worldwide distribution of corals.
21. Explain why corals more common on the western side of an ocean basin?
22. List the physical and chemical factors required for coral growth.
23. Describe the different reef formations.
Atoll
Fringing
Barrier
24. Describe the physical and chemical environment of the polar ocean including the seasonal variations,
salinity, temperature, and currents.
25. Discuss adaptations of common organisms found in the polar oceans.
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26. What characteristics must organisms living on a rocky shore possess in order to thrive? What factors
might cause “problems”?
27. What characteristics must organisms living on a sandy shore possess in order to thrive? What
factors might cause “problems”?
28. Describe the different zones within an intertidal zone? What organisms might you find in each of
the different zones?
29. Define meiofauna.
30. Describe where meiofauna are found in the sediments, and give examples of organisms.
31. Describe the physical and chemical environment of the deep ocean including the salinity,
temperature, currents, sediment load, and pressure.
32. Discuss adaptations of common organisms found in the deep oceans.
33. Describe the physical and chemical environment of the open ocean including the salinity,
temperature, and currents.
34. Discuss adaptations of common organisms found in the open oceans.
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HUMAN IMPACT
35. What affects does global warming have on the marine environment?
36. What can worldwide sea level rise be attributed to?
37. How is coastal dredging harmful to the marine environment?
38. With regards to the marine environment, why are plastics, such as bags, fishing line, and soda rings a
threat?
39. Compare and contrast biomagnification and bioaccumulation. What problems do they cause?
40. What is mariculture? What economical and ecological benefit does it serve?
41. What is overfishing? What does this have to do with maximum sustainable yield?
42. How do the invasive species affect the native species?
43. Explain why crude oil spills are less biologically damaging than refined oil spills.
44. What are some sources of eutrophication? What are some of the effects on the marine environment?
45. Define/Describe: drift netting, longline, trawling, and purse seining. What problems do each cause
in the marine environment?
46. Describe the difference and give an example of a renewable and nonrenewable resource.
47. What is desalination? What are the pros and cons?
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48. What threats are there to current whale populations? Dolphin populations? What is being done to
lessen these threats?
49. What are sources of heavy metal pollution in the marine environment?
50. Name fisheries that are declining.
51. List examples of each type of energy resource (solar, tidal, hydroelectric, and geothermal)
52. What are marine protected areas?
53. How is burning fossil fuels similar to respiration?
54. List natural causes for global climate change?
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