Jamil Ibrahim Establishment
Building Integration Thermal Collector
BITC
By Engineer Khaled Jazzar
WEBCO sarl
June 2014
Technical Aspect
Unglazed collectors
Black plastic absorbers through which water flows.
In low temperature applications of swimming pools ,
agriculture applications, such systems achieve high
efficiencies of 70 % for low temperature.
Glazed flat plate collectors.
Have a slightly lower efficiencies than unglazed
collectors at low temperature , but with higher
temperature they perform significantly better.
The average nominal efficiency is 67 %
Evacuated tube collectors
Collectors with an outer glass mantle maintaining a
vacuum.
Two tubes ( feed and return ) or an adjustable selective
fin with a heat pipe.
Evacuated tube can reach the boiling point of water.
Have almost constant efficiency of 67 % across all
Temperature differences between inlet and outlet.
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June 2014
Architectural aspect
Standard solar thermal systems are mainly used to prepare hot water in
small scale plants. When it comes to applications in the field of solar space
heating, large – scale plants in urban building projects, hotels and solar
local heating networks, there are not always sufficient suitable and oriented
roof area available for the installation of solar collectors. When installing
and assembling those solar panels on existing roofs, the plants often form a
foreign body since they are not an integral part of the architecture.
For this reason solar plants are more and more presenting challenges to
the façade building.
Solar façade collectors are becoming:
1- Integral part of the Architecture.
2- Energy saving function.
Facade collectors can be used as an element for design buildings as well as
Solar thermal contributor to the energy requirement of a building.
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June 2014
Type of solar collectors: Evacuated tube collectors
What are the constraints in installing
solar collectors on facades:
1- Orientation and Inclination
2- Integration to the façade
3- Resistance.
4- Efficiency.
5- Installation and maintenance.
6- Decentralized system per floor and
per apartment.
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June 2014
Orientation and Inclination
Orientation
The optimum orientation for a solar collector is true south.
Inclination
The optimum inclination for a solar collector between summer and winter is
about 34 degree.
Solution
Tubes 360° rotatable (optimate adjustment to the sun).
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June 2014
Integration to the façade
Solution:
Homogeneity in assembling the solar evacuated
tube collectors by respecting the same configuration
over the whole façade even with more than one
collector in a field.
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June 2014
Resistance
The SiO2 layers are baked into the glass, making the surface highly resistant to
abrasion and degradation due to environmental conditions referred to as
weathering.
External coating gives the tubes a high level of resistance to breakage by flying
debris or hail..
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June 2014
Efficiency
Double sided (Power) coating. A double-sided coating is used in collectors that
are designed for use with reflective surfaces where increased efficiencies can be
realized by collecting reflected energy on the backside of the absorber.
An increase in efficiency of up to 30% can be realized when a double-coated
absorber and a reflective surface are used.
Low in iron. This makes the glass highly transmissive over the full visible
spectrum and continuing on into the infrared region. Hence, the tube is well
suited for the collection of the full spectrum of solar radiation.
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June 2014
Installation and maintenance.
• Plug-in connection tube manifold (super easy to assemble without screwing)
• Self-supporting construction (no need for an expansive rack)
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June 2014
Decentralized system per floor and per apartment.
The major advantage when using a centralized system is the reduced heat losses in
the solar circuit between the storage tanks and the solar panel .
In our case we have applied the same concept with available area on the façade
closed to the storage tanks , so the heat losses are negligible.
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June 2014
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June 2014
La Citadelle Solar Testing on site.
Date : January and February 2014 ( Two months).
Solar Collectors net Aperture Area : 5.88 m2 ( Gross Area 6.6 m2) .
Solar collectors Inclination : 90 Degree.
Hot Water Storage Tank Capacity : 300 L.
Pump Flow : 0.3 m3/Hr
.3 Temperature sensors (°C) are located , one on the solar panel and 2 in
the storage tank.
Temperature (°C)
Temperature in degree
Example : Date 10/02/2014
Reading Time
8:30 AM
Weather: Morning: Sunny.
1:15 PM
Noon: sunny.
3:45 PM
70
After noon: sunny.
60
Outdoor temperature: 20 °C.
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Panel
Bottom of the tank
36
61
48
19
55
63
50
40
30
20
10
0
8:30 AM
1:15 PM
Time reading
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Top of the tank
19
41
48
3:45 PM
Thank You
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