Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage Todd Stankewicz, RPh, MPH, MBA Acting Associate Regional Administrator CMS - Chicago Session Objectives This session will help you to Describe how Health Care Reform will impact Medicare beneficiaries in 2014 Recognize Medicare prescription drug coverage • Under Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance), Part B (Medical Insurance), and Part D Summarize eligibility and enrollment Compare and choose plans Describe the Medication Therapy Management program 2 Affordable Care Act Timeline 3 Before the Affordable Care Act… Insurance companies could turn away the 129 million Americans with pre-existing conditions Premiums had more than doubled over the last decade, while insurance company profits were soaring Tens of millions were underinsured, and many who had coverage were afraid of losing it 50 million Americans had no insurance at all 4 The Health Care Law In March 2010, President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act into law 5 Affordable Care Act – Coverage Accomplishments New Survey of Young Adults: 7.8 Million Gained New or Better Coverage Through Affordable Care Act 7.3 million seniors and people with disabilities who reached the donut hole in their Medicare Part D (Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage) plans have saved $8.9 billion on their prescription drugs 16.5 million people with traditional Medicare took advantage of at least one free preventive service in the first six months of 2013. 71 million privately insured people gained improved coverage for preventive services 6 Affordable Care Act – Cost Savings Slowest sustained national health spending growth in 50 years • Low growth continuing in 2013 for Medicare and Medicaid Rate increases fell from 75% in 2010 to 14% so far in 2013 $500 million was returned to consumers this summer and $1 billion was returned last summer • Plans now must spend 80% on healthcare $4.2 billion recovered in 2012 from anti-fraud efforts – a record high – for a total of nearly $15 billion over the last 4 years, double that of the previous 4 years 7 A Look Ahead August 2013 October 1, 2013 Expect training to begin for Open enrollment in the Health consumer assisters like Navigators, Insurance Marketplace begins as well as for agents and brokers SHOP (Employer) Call Center live January 1, 2014 Coverage through Health Insurance Marketplace begins (as early as) Discrimination due to pre-existing conditions or gender is prohibited Annual Limits on Insurance Coverage will be eliminated Advanced Premium Tax Credits will be available The Small Business Tax Credit will increase More people will be eligible for Medicaid (in some states) 8 People with Medicare Medicare isn’t part of the Marketplace • In most cases it will be to your advantage to sign up for or keep Medicare You may pay more for coverage in the Marketplace You may have to pay a penalty for Medicare Parts A, B, and D if you choose to sign up for Medicare later You won’t be eligible for lower costs to help pay your premiums or cost-sharing in the Marketplace If you’re in the Marketplace when you become eligible for Medicare, you lose any tax credit/cost-sharing reduction you may have had 9 Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage Basics Medicare overview Medicare prescription drug coverage under • Part A (Hospital Insurance) • Part B (Medical Insurance) 10 The Four Parts of Medicare Part A Hospital Insurance Part B Medical Insurance Part C Medicare Advantage Plans (like HMOs/PPOs) Part D Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage Includes Part A, Part B and sometimes Part D coverage 11 Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage Prescription drug coverage under Part A, B, or D depends on • Medical necessity • Health care setting • Medical indication • Any special drug coverage requirements 12 Part A Prescription Drug Coverage Part A generally pays for all drugs during a covered inpatient stay • In hospital or skilled nursing facility (SNF) Drugs received as part of treatment • Hospice Drugs for symptom control and pain relief only 6 Part B Prescription Drug Coverage Part B covers limited outpatient drugs • Injectable and infusible drugs that are Not usually self-administered, and Administered as part of a physician service • Administered through Part B-covered Durable Medicare Equipment (DME) Such as nebulizers and infusion pumps Only when used with DME in your home 14 Part B Prescription Drug Coverage Part B covers limited outpatient drugs • Some oral drugs with special coverage requirements Anti-cancer drugs Anti-emetic drugs Immunosuppressive drugs, under certain circumstances • Certain immunizations Flu shot Pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine 15 Part B Prescription Drug Coverage Generally doesn’t cover self-administered drugs in hospital outpatient setting • Unless required for hospital services you’re receiving If enrolled in Part D, drugs may be covered • If not admitted to hospital • May have to pay and submit for reimbursement 16 Medicare Part D Benefits and Costs Medicare prescription drug coverage Medicare drug plan benefits and costs 17 Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage Also called Medicare Part D Prescription drug plans approved by Medicare Run by private companies Available to everyone with Medicare Must be enrolled in a plan to get coverage Two sources of coverage • Medicare Prescription Drug Plans (PDPs) • Medicare Advantage Plans with Rx coverage (MA-PDs) And other Medicare health plans with Rx coverage 18 Medicare Drug Plans Can be flexible in benefit design Must offer at least a standard level of coverage May offer different or enhanced benefits • Lower deductible • Different tier and/or copayment levels • Coverage for drugs not typically covered by Part D Benefits and costs may change each year 19 Medicare Drug Plan Costs Costs vary by plan In 2014, most people will pay • • • • • • A monthly premium A yearly deductible Copayments or coinsurance 47.5% for covered brand-name drugs in coverage gap 72% for covered generic drugs in coverage gap Very little after spending $4,550 out-of-pocket 20 Standard Structure in 2014 Ms. Smith joins the ABC Prescription Drug Plan. Her coverage begins on January 1, 2014. She doesn’t get Extra Help and uses her Medicare drug plan membership card when she buys prescriptions. Monthly Premium – Ms. Smith pays a monthly premium throughout the year. 1. Yearly 2. Copayment or deductible coinsurance (what you pay at the pharmacy) 3. Coverage gap 4. Catastrophic coverage Ms. Smith pays the first $310 of her drug costs before her plan starts to pay its share. Once Ms. Smith and her plan have spent $2,850 for covered drugs, she’s in the coverage gap. In 2014, she pays 47.5% of the plan’s cost for her covered brand-name prescription drugs and 72% of the plan’s cost for covered generic drugs. What she pays (and the discount paid by the drug company) counts as out-of-pocket spending, and helps her get out of the coverage gap. Once Ms. Smith has spent $4,550 out-ofpocket for the year, her coverage gap ends. Now she only pays a small coinsurance or copayment for each covered drug until the end of the 21 year. Ms. Smith pays a copayment, and her plan pays its share for each covered drug until their combined amount (plus the deductible) reaches $2,850. Brand-Name Prescription Drug Savings in the Coverage Gap 100% 90% 80% 50 50 47.5 47.5 45 45 35 40 25 30 70% 60% 50% 100 2.5 2.5 5 5 15 10 25 20 40% 30% 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 20% 10% 0% 2010 Brand-Name Prescription Drug Savings in the Coverage Gap Manufacturer Discount Plan Pays Beneficiary Pays 22 Generic Drug Cost Sharing: 2010-2020 100% 90% 25 37 80% 44 51 58 70% 65 72 79 60% 86 93 50% 100 40% 75 63 30% 56 49 42 20% 35 28 21 10% 14 7 0% 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Generic Drug Savings in the Coverage Gap Plan Pays Beneficiary Pays 23 True Out-of-Pocket (TrOOP) Costs Expenses that count toward your out-of-pocket threshold • $4,550 in 2014 After threshold you get catastrophic coverage • Pay only small copayment or coinsurance for covered drugs Explanation of Benefits (EOB) shows TrOOP costs to date TrOOP transfers if you switch plans mid-year 24 Which Payment Sources Count Toward TrOOP? Sources That Count Sources That Don’t Count Payments made by you, your family members, or friends Qualified State Pharmacy Assistance Programs (SPAPs) Medicare’s Extra Help Most charities (not if established or run by employer/union) Indian Health Services AIDS Drug Assistance Programs The discount you get on covered brand-name drugs in the coverage gap Your monthly plan premium Share of the drug cost paid by your Medicare drug plan Group Health Plans (including employer/union retiree coverage) Government-funded programs (including Medicaid, TRICARE, VA) Patient Assistance Programs (PAPs) Other third-party payment arrangements Other types of insurance The discount you get on covered generic drugs in the coverage gap 25 Medicare Part D Drug Coverage Covered and non-covered drugs Access to covered drugs 26 Part D-Covered Drugs Prescription brand-name and generic drugs • Approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) • Used and sold in United States • Used for medically-accepted indications Includes drugs, biological products, and insulin • Supplies associated with injection of insulin Plans must cover range of drugs in each category Coverage and rules vary by plan 27 Required Coverage All drugs in 6 protected categories • • • • • • Cancer medications HIV/AIDS treatments Antidepressants Antipsychotic medications Anticonvulsive treatments Immunosuppressants All commercially-available vaccines • Except those covered under Part B (e.g., flu shot) 28 Drugs Excluded by Law Under Part D Drugs for Anorexia, weight loss, or weight gain Erectile dysfunction drugs when used for the treatment of sexual or erectile dysfunction Fertility drugs Drugs for cosmetic or lifestyle purposes Drugs for symptomatic relief of coughs and colds Prescription vitamin and mineral products Non-prescription drugs 29 Formulary A list of prescription drugs covered by the plan May have tiers that cost different amounts Tier Structure Example Tier You Pay Prescription Drugs Covered 1 Lowest copayment Most generics 2 Medium copayment Preferred, brand-name 3 High copayment Non-preferred, brand-name Highest copayment or coinsurance Unique, very high-cost Specialty 30 Formulary Changes Plans may change categories and classes • Only at beginning of each plan year • May make maintenance changes during year e.g., replacing brand-name drug with new generic Plan usually must notify you 60 days before changes • May be able to use drug until end of calendar year • May ask for exception if other drugs don’t work Plans may remove drugs withdrawn from market without 60-day notification 31 Rules Plans Use to Manage Access to Drugs Prior Authorization Doctor must contact plan for prior approval before drug will be covered • Must show medical necessity for drug Step Therapy Type of prior authorization Must first try similar, less expensive drug Doctor may request an exception if • Similar, less expensive drug didn’t work, or • Step therapy drug is medically necessary Quantity Limits Plan may limit drug quantities over a period of time for safety and/or cost Doctor may request an exception if additional amount is medically necessary 32 If Your Prescription Changes Get up-to-date formulary information from plan • By phone or on plan’s website Give doctor copy of plan’s formulary If the new drug isn’t on plan’s formulary • Can request a coverage determination from plan • May have to pay full price if plan still won’t cover 33 Comparing and Choosing Plans Things to consider Steps to choosing a Medicare drug plan What to expect 34 Things to Consider Before Joining a Plan Important questions to ask • Do you have other current health insurance coverage? • What about current prescription drug coverage? Is any prescription drug coverage you might have as good as Medicare drug coverage? • How does your current coverage work with Medicare? Could joining a plan affect your current coverage? Or affect a family member’s coverage? 35 Step 1: Prepare Prepare by gathering together information • • • • • Current prescription drug coverage Prescription drugs, dosages, and quantities Preferred pharmacies Medicare card ZIP code 36 Step 2: Compare Using Medicare Plan Finder Search for drug and health plans Personalize your search to find plans that meet your needs Compare plans based on star ratings, benefits, costs, and more Enroll in a plan 37 Step 3: Decide and Join Decide which plan is best for you and enroll • Online enrollment www.medicare.gov Plan’s website • Enroll by phone 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227) TTY users should call 1-877-486-2048 Call plan • Mail or fax paper application to plan 38 What New Members Can Expect • Your plan will send you • An enrollment letter • Membership materials, including card • Customer service contact information If your current drug isn’t covered by plan • You can get a transition supply (generally 30 days) • Work with prescriber to find a drug that’s covered • Request exception if no acceptable alternative drug is on the list 39 Annual Notice of Change (ANOC) All Medicare drug plans must send ANOC to members by September 30th • May be sent with Evidence of Coverage Will include information for upcoming year • Summary of Benefits • Formulary • Changes to monthly premium and/or cost sharing Read ANOC carefully and compare your plan with other plan options 40 5-Star Special Enrollment Period (SEP) Can enroll in 5-Star Medicare Advantage (MA), Prescription Drug Plan (PDP), MA-PD, or Cost Plan Enroll at any point during the year • Once per year New plan starts first day of month after enrolled Star ratings given once a year • Ratings assigned in October of the past year • Use Medicare Plan Finder to see star ratings Look at Overall Plan Rating to find eligible plans 41 Results: Many More Medicare Advantage Enrollees in 4- and 5Star Plans 2009 4-star 16% Medicare Advantage Enrollment 2012 4-star 28% 5-star, 0% 2-star 14% 5-star 9% 2-star 6% 3-star 57% 3-star 70% 2009 2012 2-3 star plans 84% 63% 4-5 star plans 16% 37% Source: Percentages based on 2009 and 2012 MA enrollment statistics, compared using 2013 star rating methodology. 42 Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management Qualifying for a MTM program Services provided to beneficiaries enrolled in MTM programs 43 MTM: 2013 Dollar Cost Threshold • “Sponsors must target beneficiaries who meet the other two criteria and who are likely to incur annual costs for Part D drugs of at least $3,017.” • The cost threshold is adjusted each year by an annual percentage based on data from the previous year’s expenditures. 44 Provider of MTM Services • “May be furnished by a pharmacist or other qualified provider;” Percent of plans utilizing each provider type 45 MTM Services 2013 • Must target beneficiaries AND prescribers • Offer a Comprehensive Medication Review (CMR) by a pharmacist or other qualified provider at least annually to all targeted beneficiaries enrolled in the MTM program (including LTC beneficiaries) • Interactive, person-to-person or telehealth consultations • Quarterly targeted medication reviews (TMRs) with follow-up interventions when necessary 46 Written Summary of CMR • An individualized, written summary using CMS’ standardized format must be provided to the beneficiary, or to the beneficiary’s prescriber, caregiver, or other authorized representative • Includes three components: •Cover Letter •Medication Action Plan •Personal Medication List 47 Required MTM Services CMR Summary Delivery Method • Almost 95% of programs provide the CMR summary in CMS’ standardized format by mail. Over 22% also provide the summary in person after the CMR Required MTM Services CMR Delivery Method • 92.4% of programs offer the interactive, personto-person CMR consultation via the phone. • Over 40% (42.4%) of programs also offer faceto-face consultations (up from 28.4% in 2012) • 16% of programs offer CMRs through telehealth technologies (up from 1% in 2012). Outcomes Measurement • “Sponsors are expected to have a process in place to: – measure, analyze, and report the outcomes of their MTM programs, – determine whether or not goals of therapy have been reached; – capture drug therapy recommendations and resolutions made as a result of the MTM recommendations; and – capture beneficiary satisfaction with MTM services, providers, and outcomes.” 50 Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage Resource Guide Resources www.medicare.gov 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227) (TTY users should call 1-877-466-2048) Prescription Drug Benefit Manual http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/PrescriptionDrug-Coverage/PrescriptionDrugCovContra/ PartDManuals.html PDP Enrollment and Disenrollment Guidance http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Eligibility-andEnrollment/MedicarePresDrugEligEnrol/index. html Local State Health Insurance Programs www.medicare.gov/contacts Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services www.cms.gov Social Security 1-800-772-1213 www.socialsecurity.gov Medicare Products RxAssist A directory of Patient Assistance Programs (PAPs) www.rxassist.org Medicare Part D Appeals www.medicarepartdappeals.com Determining the Part B incomerelated premium SSA publication 10161 available at http://www.socialsecurity.gov/pubs /10536.pdf Medicare & You Handbook CMS (Product No. 10050) Your Guide to Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage (CMS Product No. 11109) Your Medicare Benefits (CMS Product No. 10116) To get these products: View and order single copies: www.medicare.gov Order multiple copies (partners only): productordering.cms.hhs.gov (You must register your organization) Medicare’s Limited Income NET Program 1-800-783-1307 or 1-877-801-0369 (TTY) e-mail : MedicareLINET@cms.hhs.gov Affordable Care Act www.healthcare.gov/law/full/index.html 51 This training module is provided by the CMS National Training Program For questions about training products e-mail training@cms.hhs.gov To view all available CMS National Training Program materials, or to subscribe to our e-mail list, visit http://cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Training/CMSNationalTrainingProgram Appendix A: Part B-Covered Oral Anticancer Drugs* Busulfan Capecitabine Cyclophosphamide Etoposide Melphalan Methotrexate Temozolomide *List is subject to change 53 Appendix B: Part B-Covered Oral Anti-Emetics for Use Within 48 Hours of Chemotherapy* 3 oral drug combination of • Aprepitant • A 5-HT3 Antagonist • Dexamethasone Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride Dolasetron Mesylate (within 24 hours) Dronabinol Granisetron Hydrochloride (within 24 hours) Hydroxyzine Pamoate Ondansetron Hydrochloride Nabilone Perphenazine Prochlorperazine Maleate Promethazine Hydrochloride Trimethobenzamide Hydrochloride *List is subject to change 54 Appendix C: Part B-Covered Immunosuppressive Drugs* Azathioprine-oral Azathioprine-parenteral Cyclophosphamide-oral Cyclosporine-oral Cyclosporine-parenteral Daclizumab-parenteral Lymphocyte Immune Globulin, Antithymocyte Globulin-parenteral Methotrexate-oral Methylprednisolone-oral Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate Injection Muromonab-Cd3-parenteral Mycophenolate Acid-oral Mycophenolate Mofetil-oral Prednisolone-oral Prednisone-oral Sirolimus-oral Tacrolimus-oral Tacrolimus-parenteral *List is subject to change 55 Appendix D: 2013 Standard Drug Benefit Benefit Parameters 2013 2014 $325 $310 Initial Coverage Limit $2,970.00 $2,850.00 Out-of-Pocket Threshold $4,750.00 $4,550.00 Total Covered Drug Spending at OOP Threshold $6,954.52 $6,690.77 Minimum Cost-Sharing in Catastrophic Coverage $2.65/$6.60 $2.55/$6.35 Extra Help Copayments 2013 2014 Institutionalized $0 $0 Receiving Home and Community-Based Services $0 $0 Up to or at 100% Federal Poverty Level (FPL) $1.15/$3.50 $1.20/$3.60 Full Extra Help $2.65/$6.60 $2.55/$6.35 $66/15% $63/15% Deductible Partial Extra Help (Deductible/Cost-Sharing) 56 Appendix E: Medicare Drug Plan Costs if You Automatically Qualify for Extra Help If you have Medicare and… Your monthly premium Your yearly deductible Your cost per prescription at the pharmacy (until $4,750*) Your cost per prescription at the pharmacy (after $4,750*) Full Medicaid coverage for each full month you live in an institution, like a nursing home $0 $0 Full Medicaid coverage and have a yearly income at or below $11,490 (single) $15,510 (married) $0 $0 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $1.15 Brand-name drugs: no more than $3.50 $0 Full Medicaid coverage and have a yearly income above $11,490 (single) $15,510 (married) $0 $0 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 $0 Help from Medicaid paying your Medicare Part B premiums $0 $0 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 $0 Supplemental Security Income (SSI) $0 $0 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 $0 $0 $0 Note: There are plans you can join and pay no premium. There are other plans where you will have to pay part of the premium even when you automatically qualify for Extra Help. Tell you plan you qualify for Extra Help and ask how much you will pay for your monthly premium. **Your cost per prescription generally decreases once the amount you pay and Medicare pays as the Extra Help reach $4,750 per year. The cost sharing, income levels, and resources listed are for 2013 and can increase each year. Income levels are higher if you live in Alaska or Hawaii, or you or your spouse pays at least half of the living expenses of dependent family members who live with you, or you work. 57 Appendix E: Medicare Drug Plan Costs if You Apply and Qualify for Extra Help Your cost per prescription at the pharmacy (until $4,750*) Your monthly premium Your yearly deductible A yearly income below $15,511.50 (single) $20,938.50 (married) with resources of no more than $8,580 (single) $13,620 (married) $0 $0 A yearly income below $15,511.50 (single) $20,938.50 (married) with resources between $8,580 and $13,330 (single) $13,620 and $26,580 (married) A yearly income between $15,511.50 and $16,086 (single) $20,938.50 and $21,714 (married) with resources up to $13,330 (single) $26,580 (married) $0 $66 25% $66 up to 15% of the cost of each prescription 50% $66 up to 15% of the cost of each prescription 75% $66 up to 15% of the cost of each prescription If you have Medicare and… A yearly income between $15,638 and $16,660.50 (single) $21,182 and $22,489.50 (married) with resources up to $13,330 (single) $26,580 (married) A yearly income between $16,660.50 and $17,235 (single) $21,938.50 and $23,265 (married) with resources up to $13,330 (single) $26,580 (married) Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 up to 15% of the cost of each prescription Your cost per prescription at the pharmacy (after $4,750*) $0 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 Generic and certain preferred drugs: no more than $2.65 Brand-name drugs: no more than $6.60 58 Appendix F: Guide to Consumer Mailings 59 Appendix F: Guide to Consumer Mailings 60 Appendix F: Guide to Consumer Mailings 61 Appendix F: Guide to Consumer Mailings 62 Appendix F: Guide to Consumer Mailings 63 Appendix G: How Do You Access Medicare’s Limited Income NET Program? Auto-Enrollment by CMS Point of Sale (POS) Use Submit a Receipt • CMS auto-enrolls you if you have Medicare and get either full Medicaid coverage or SSI benefits • You may use Medicare’s Limited Income NET Program at the pharmacy counter (point-of-sale) • You may submit pharmacy receipts (not just a cashier’s receipt) for prescriptions you already paid for out-of-pocket during periods you’re eligible 64 Appendix G: Medicare’s Limited Income Newly Eligible Transition (NET) Program Resources to help pharmacists submit claims • Program Help Desk: 1-800-783-1307 • Address: The Medicare Limited Income NET Program P.O. Box 14310 Lexington, KY 40512-4310 • Websites http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Eligibility-andEnrollment/LowIncSubMedicarePresCov/MedicareLimit edIncomeNET.html http://www.humana.com/pharmacists/pharmacy_resou rces/information.aspx • CMS Mailbox: MedicareLINET@cms.hhs.gov 65 Appendix H: Levels of Appeal 66