Latin Basics
Clear Targets
• Students will identify differences between the English and
Latin alphabets.
• Students will pronounce Latin in the classical style.
First off…
History of Latin
• Who?
• Why?
• Where?
Same Word?
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Latin - Pater
Greek - Pater
Sanskrit - Pitar
German - Vader
English - Father
The Answer to Everything is…
• PIE.
• Proto-Indo-European
Alphabet
Differences
• Animated
• What English letters are missing from Latin?
• What’s up with U, V, and W?
Pronouncing vowels
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“a” as in “father”
“e” as in “pet”
“i” as in “elite”
“o” as in “dog” or “go”
“u” as in “you”
Long vowels vs. short vowels – ā, ē, ī, ō, ū
• Diphthongs – two vowels pronounced as one
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“ae” like “eye”
“au” like “ow”
“ei” like “reign”
“oe” like “oil”
Pronouncing consonants
• Hard c’s and g’s
• cat and gill, not pace or page
• Double r’s
• Currō
• “v” to replace “w”
• via
• i to replace j
• “Yuh” sound, not “juh”
• If the word starts with “i” + a vowel (iam)
• If the “i” is between two vowels (maiestas)
Practice
• canis
• cubiculī
• culīnae
• fīlius
• māter
• servī
• viae
• Germanus
• Gaius Iulius Caesar
Vocab Flash Cards
Front:
Optional:
1. Cutting cards
2. Color coding
3. Derivatives
Not optional:
1. Making them
2. Putting all the info given
Back:
Stage 1 Vocab
Nouns:
ātrium, ātrī, n. – atrium, reception hall
canis, canis, m. – dog
coquus, coquī, m. – cook, chef
cubiculum, cubiculī, n. – bedroom
culīna, culīnae, f. – kitchen
fīlius, fīlī, m. – son
hortus, hortī, m. – garden
māter, mātris, f. – mother
pater, patris, m. – father
servus, servī, m. – slave
tablīnum, tablīnī, n. – study, office
triclīnium, triclīnī, n. – dining room
via, viae, f. – street
Verbs:
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus – be
labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātus – work
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessūrus – sit
Prepositions:
in – in, on