DO NOW
10.20.14
1. What are the characteristics common to
all organisms?
2. What are some similarities and
differences in structure between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? (Hint:
Use a Venn Diagram)
3. Name 14 cellular structures found in
eukaryotic cells and distinguish each
structure, with an ‘’A” for animal, “P” for
plant or “B” for both.
LWBAT:
Describe the parts of the atom and
types of bonds
IOT:
Describe and interpret relationships
between structure & function at
various levels of biochemical
organization (i.e., atoms, molecules,
and macromolecules)
DO NOW 10.21.14
1.The diagram shows a model of a
carbon atom, with an atomic number
of 6. Complete the diagram by
drawing in the rest of the atomic
particles, including their charges.
Label all particles and the nucleus.
2. A chemical element is a pure substance that consists
entirely of one type of ________.
3. Atoms have no electric charge because they A. have an
equal number of charged and non-charged particles. B.
have neutrons in their nuclei. C. have an equal number of
electrons and protons. D. have an equal number of
neutrons and protons.
4. An atom is made up of protons, neutrons, and ________.
LWBAT:
* Explain how elements differ from one
another
* Distinguish between ionic and covalent
bonding
IOT:
Describe and interpret relationships
between structure & function at various
levels of biochemical organization (i.e.,
atoms, molecules, and macromolecules).
DO NOW 10.22.14
1. Atoms have no electric charge because they A.
have an equal number of charged and non-charged
particles. B. have neutrons in their nuclei. C. have
an equal number of electrons and protons. D. have
an equal number of neutrons and protons.
2. Neutrons and protons are found in the _ of an
atom.
3. Identify two ways in which carbon-12, carbon-13,
and carbon-14 are alike.
4. Atoms of the same element that differ in the
number of neutrons they contain are called ____.
The diagrams show models of carbon isotopes. Complete
the diagrams by drawing in the rest of the atomic particles,
including their charges.
Nonradioactive
Radioactive
carbon-13
carbon-14
Use your completed diagrams to answer the following:
1. Identify two differences between carbon-12 and carbon14.
2. Identify two ways in which carbon-12, carbon-13, and
carbon-14 are alike. Atoms of the same element that
differ in the number of neutrons they contain are called
Sea salt contains calcium chloride (CaCl2), an ionic
compound similar to table salt. One atom of calcium (atomic
number 20) bonds to two atoms of chlorine (atomic number
1). Fill in the number of protons and electrons in each ion.
Chloride ion
Calcium ion
Chloride ion
Protons ____
Protons ____
Protons ____
Electrons ____
Electrons ____
Electrons ____
1. What is the difference between an ionic bond and a
covalent bond?
2. How are chemical bonds important in metabolism?
DO NOW
10.23.14
1. State the importance of valence electrons in the
organization of the periodic table.
2. Describe the difference between the atomic number
and the mass number of an atom.
3. An iron atom has an atomic mass of 56. Its atomic
number is 26. How many neutrons does the iron atom
have?
4. An element’s atomic number is equal to its number of
___
5. What is the mass number of an element that has 19
protons, 19 electrons, and 20 neutrons?
6. Two or more atoms may join together to form _____.
7. What is the difference between an ionic bond and a
covalent bond?
DO NOW
Directed Reading PG 28-30
Section 1: Nature of Matter
1. An _____ is the smallest unit of matter that cannot be
broken down by chemical means.
2. An _____ is a substance made of only one kind of atom.
3. A __ __ is a weak chemical attraction between polar
molecules.
4. Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in
their _______.
5. Atoms gain or lose _______ to form ions.
6. Water is an example of a compound that is held together
by ____ bonds.
7. The opposite ends of a polar molecule have ___ charges.
Explain how the terms in each pair differ in meaning.
8. molecule, atom
9. compound, element
LWBAT:
Distinguish between ionic and
covalent bonding
IOT:
Describe and interpret relationships
between structure & function at
various levels of biochemical
organization (i.e., atoms, molecules,
and macromolecules)
LWBAT:
Explain how the structure of a water
molecule relates to the properties of
water
IOT:
Describe the unique properties of water
and how these properties support life on
Earth (e.g., freezing point, high specific
heat, cohesion).
Directed Reading
10.24.14
Section 2: Water and Solutions RD PG 31- 33
Complete each statement
1. One substance that heats more slowly than many
other substances is ________
2. When humans sweat, water releases heat through
____ .
3. An attraction between substances of the same
kind is called _______ , while an attraction between
different substances is called _______ .
4. Why do ionic compounds dissolve in water?
5. What is a solution?
6. Distinguish between acids and bases.
DO NOW
10.28.14
1. Write the chemical formula for water and
translate it to words.
2. Explain how hydrogen bonds are formed
between molecules of water.
3. List 5 terms that makes water important to
organisms on Earth.
4. Water dissolves ionic compounds because
water molecules have: …
5. What is an advantage for a change in density
of water when it freezes?
HOMEWORK
Complete a Venn diagram or other
graphic organizer comparing ionic,
covalent, and hydrogen bonding.
Descriptions of the similarities and
differences among them should
accompany the diagram in paragraph
form.
Mr. Salmon’s Wiki
http://mrsalmonscience
.wikispaces.com
Pre-Lab Questions
1. Explain how hydrogen bonds are formed between
molecules of water. 2. Describe what is surface tension
Part A: Surface Tension
Introduction: In this investigation, you will examine
the property of surface tension. The question of the
investigation is, “How many drops of water will fit on
a penny?”
Hypothesis:
Materials: penny, eyedroppers with water and rubbing
alcohol (labeled “A”)
Procedure
1. Draw a chart for recording data. There will be three
trials with each liquid.
2. Place the penny on a flat surface. Using the
eyedropper, put drops of water on the penny one at a
time. Stop when water begins to spill off the surface of
the penny.
3. Record the data. Repeat twice with water. Repeat
three times with rubbing alcohol.
Results: Calculate the average of the three trials. Show
your work.
Part B: Capillary Action
Introduction: In this investigation, you will examine
capillary action. The question of the investigation is,
“What will happen to an ink spot when placed on filter
paper soaking in water?”
Hypothesis:
Materials: two strips of filter paper, 2 plastic cups,
water, felt-tip marker
Procedure
1. Use the felt-tip marker to place a dot 1 cm from
the bottom of each of the strips of filter paper.
2. Draw a chart for recording data.
Observations will be made of both strips before
placing the strips in the cups and after 10 minutes
have passed.
3. Place one strip in the cup with approximately 5
ml of water and one in a cup without water. Make
sure that the water level remains below the ink
spot.
4. Record observations at the specified times.
Data/Results
Laboratory Questions
1. Explain how the data supported or did not support each
of your hypotheses.
2. Explain why rubbing alcohol was used in Part A of the
investigation.
3. Explain why the cup without water was used in Part B of
the investigation.
4. Explain how hydrogen bonding relates to surface tension.
5. Explain how hydrogen bonding relates to capillary action.
6. Explain how surface tension and/or capillary action relate
to the use of paper towels for cleaning up spills.
7. Explain how the behavior of water contributes to the
habitability of Earth.
8. List one extension question.
9. Identify one possible source of error.
DO NOW
10.31.14
1. Which property of water molecules explain the other properties
listed? A. adhesion B. cohesion C. hydrogen bond D. polar covalent bond
2. One property of water that makes it unique is its density. Which
example describes a result of this property? A. Polar bears float on ice
floes to hunt for food. B. Trees transport water from their roots to their
leaves. C. Water strider insects walk on the surface of pond water.
D. Plants receive enough light to grow under the surface of a lake.
3. The picture shows water droplets hanging on the tips
of pine needles. How do 2 physical properties of water
result in the image shown?
4. Describe 2 ways that the properties of water affect
heat and temperature?
5. Identify and explain how 2 properties of water contribute to capillary
action within the xylem (water transport tubes in plants).
Bonus: A tree experience cavitation, which occurs when a bubble of air
forms inside a xylem tube. Explain how cavitation affects a tree’s ability
to conduct water.
LWBAT:
Describe the structure of a carbon
atom and how carbon atoms form
macromolecules
IOT:
Explain how structure determines
function at multiple levels of
organization (e.g., chemical,
cellular, anatomical, ecological)
DIRECTED READING: Section: Chemistry of Cells Rd P. 34 – 37
1. The carbon atoms in organic molecules are bonded to other atoms by
_______ bonds.
2. The four major classes of organic compounds are _____ , _____,
______and nucleic acids.
3. The building blocks of carbohydrates are ______
4. If a carbohydrate molecule contained six carbon atoms, it would also
contain___hydrogen atoms.
5. Humans cannot digest the carbohydrate _____.
6. Fats are lipids that store _____.
7. What two factors determine the shape of a protein?
8. What roles do proteins play in organisms?
Matching
___9. nucleic acid
___10. nucleotide
___11. DNA
___12. RNA
___13. ATP
a. temporarily stores energy d. involved in the production of proteins
b. subunit of DNA and RNA
e. stores hereditary information
c. one of the major classes of organic compounds