Government Final Review
Final: 10:50-12:20 on Wednesday, January 13th
(then you are done!)
Things to focus on as we
review
The Bill of Rights (obviously)
What each amendment says Americans can and
cannot do
Know the exceptions to each amendment
For example, Americans have free speech except when it
is a threat or obscene, etc.
The Supreme Court cases
What each case said about American’s rights
First Amendment
Freedom of Religion
First Amendment
Freedom of religion
Establishment clause
Free exercise clause
Government cannot
endorse or support one
religion
Government cannot stop
someone from practicing,
or exercising, their
religion
Schools
Engel v. Vitale
Polygamy
Evolution
Public displays
Seventh-Day Adventists
Amish
Drugs
Employment Division
of Smith
P. 116
Government Final Review
Final: 1:00-2:20 on Wednesday, January 13th
(then you are done!)
Freedom of Speech
First Amendment
What is speech?
Should hate speech be
protected?
Key Questions
Free speech
Prior restraint: government action preventing
material from being published
Near v. Minnesota
Classified material: Wikileaks
Clear and present danger test: Schenck v. United
States
Basically the government could limit speech that is
dangerous
Free speech
Obscenity
Should people be able to
publish whatever they want?
Or show whatever they want?
Supreme Court ruled that
the government can limit
speech that is ruled obscene
Obscene: “Offensive sexual
conduct that has no literary
or artistic value”
Example: p. 121
Symbolic Speech
Texas v. Johnson:
Burning a flag is speech
and is protected
Vietnam War: Wearing an
armband in protest is
speech, and is protected
Libel v. Slander
Libel
Slander
Written defamation
Spoken defamation
Example: “Burn Book”
from Mean Girls
Hard to prove:
Gossip magazines
1. The person who said it
knew it was untrue when
they said it
Example: p. 123
2. They were purposefully
trying to harm the victim
Other examples of limited or
protected speech
Commercial speech: Advertising
Example: Papa Johns: “Better ingredients, better pizza”
Speech on TV or radio or Internet is regulated
Campaigning: Donating money is free speech
As a result, government cannot limit campaign
donations by individuals
Freedom of Assembly
Meant to allow people to protest
Exceptions: People cannot just protest anywhere,
anytime
Should harassment be allowed?
Example: Westboro Baptist Church
Example: p. 128
Right to bear arms
2nd amendment
What does “arms” mean? Does
it mean automatic weapons?
Assault rifles? Bazookas?
Key Questions
Limitations
Concealed weapons
Mentally ill/felons
Sensitive places
“Dangerous weapons” not
used in self-defense
Assault weapons
Government Final Review
Final: 1:00-2:20 on Wednesday, January 13th
(then you are done!)
Stages of the Justice System
Criminal Justice System
Crime
Arrest
Prosecution
Trial
Verdict
Defendant’s Rights
4th Amendment
Unreasonable searches
and seizures
Must have either
A. Probable cause
B. Search warrant
If evidence is obtained
illegally, evidence cannot
be used in court
This is called the
exclusionary rule
Mapp v. Ohio
P. 133
5th Amendment
Self-incrimination
Cannot force someone
to testify against
themselves
Miranda v. Arizona
Ernesto Miranda raped
and kidnapped an 18 yearold girl
Ernesto Miranda
Admitted to the crime
during police questioning
Miranda Rights
Right to remain silent
Must be read to someone
once they are arrested
What you can say can be
held against you
You have a right to an
attorney, if you cannot
afford one then one will
be provided to you
Sixth Amendment
Right to an attorney
(counsel)
Plea bargaining
Right to a speedy, and
public trial
Entrapment: Police
cannot trick people into
committing a crime
P. 136
A deal between the
defendant and prosecutor
where defendant pleads
guilty
90% of all cases are plea
bargained
Cruel and Unusual
Punishment
8th amendment
No torture
P. 139
Key question: Is the
death penalty cruel and
unusual punishment?
Supreme Court has ruled
no, but it is changing….
Right to Privacy
Constitution does not
talk about right to privacy
Key Question: Should
people have the right to
do what they want to do
with their own bodies?
Roe v. Wade: Women
have the right to have an
abortion because of their
right to privacy
Final Review
Vocab and Supreme Court Cases
Civil Rights
Vocab
Civil Liberties
Vocab
th
13
Vocab
Amendment
th
14
Vocab
Amendment
th
15
Vocab
Amendment
suffrage
Vocab
Poll taxes
Vocab
th
24
Vocab
Amendment
19th Amendment (hint:
suffrage)
Vocab
Americans with Disabilities Act
Vocab
Affirmative Action
Vocab
Affirmative Action
Vocab
Bill of Rights
Vocab
st
1
Amendment
Vocab
nd
2
Vocab
Amendment
rd
3
Vocab
Amendment
th
4
Vocab
Amendment
th
5
Vocab
Amendment
th
6
Vocab
Amendment
th
7
Vocab
Amendment
th
8
Vocab
Amendment
th
9
Vocab
Amendment
th
10
Vocab
Amendment
Establishment clause (hint:
religion)
Vocab
Free exercise clause (hint:
religion)
Vocab
Prior restraint (hint: freedom of
the press)
Vocab
Libel
Vocab
Slander
Vocab
Symbolic speech (give example)
Vocab
Probable cause
Vocab
Search warrant
Vocab
Exclusionary Rule
Vocab
Plea Bargain
Vocab
Cruel and unusual punishment
Vocab
Scott v. Sandford
Supreme Court Cases
Plessy v. Ferguson
Supreme Court Cases
Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme Court Cases
Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme Court Cases
Good news!
No homework