MARYLAND
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1632 - the land is given to Sir George
Calvert from King Charles I
He envisions a colony where Catholics can
practice their religion freely
Calvert dies, leaving his son, Lord
Baltimore, to settle the colony
Land grants are given to attract settlers
1649 – Act of Toleration is passed to
provide religious freedom to all Christians.
THE
CAROLINAS
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The northern section is mostly comprised of
poor tobacco farmers from Virginia.
Further south, 8 English nobles receive a
land grant from King Charles II in 1663.
They settle in Charleston.
Rice and Indigo become valuable cash
crops
Planters import slaves from Africa to
cultivate these crops.
1712 – the colony splits between North
Carolina and South Carolina.
Georgia
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1732 – James Ogelthorpe establishes the
colony as a safe haven for debtors.
First settlement is Savannah.
Originally, slavery was forbidden, and farms
could be no larger than 500 acres.
Plantations and slave labor are later
allowed, allowing the colony to prosper.
England hoped that Georgia would serve as
a buffer between the Carolinas and Florida.
Tidewater
Plantations
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Rich farmland located along rivers and
creeks of the coastal plain.
VA, MD, NC: major tobacco growing areas.
SC, GA: rice and indigo.
Slaves do most of the work on these
plantations.
Only a small percentage of white
southerners owned large plantations, yet
these planters set the Southern style of life.
The
Backcountry
South
Rolling hills and thick forests located at
the base of the Appalachian Mts.
 More democratic, people are seen as
equals.
 Tend small fields of corn or tobacco
 Close knit families who work together
to husk corn or build barns.
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The Growth of
Slavery
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By 1700, Southern plantations rely on slave
labor.
Some are skilled workers, such as
carpenters or blacksmiths. Some work in
the Great House as cooks or servants.
Slave Codes – laws passed to regulate
slave behavior and deny them their rights
Viewed as property, not human beings.
Planters viewed the black Africans as being
inferior to the white Europeans. This belief
that one race is superior to another is called
racism.