Mexico
by Mr. Gianelli
Political Map
Physical Map
History Pre-1900
• Pre-Colombian
o Olmec, Aztec, Toltec, Maya
• Spanish Conquistadors
o Hernan Cortes
• New Spain
o Hacienda System
o Catholic Missionaries
• Independence
o September 16, 1810
• Battle of the Alamo
o 1836
• War with United States
o 1846-1848
History Since 1900
•
Porfirio Diaz
o
•
Mexican Revolution- 1910-1929
o
o
•
Became president in 1920
persecuted Catholic Church
• Secularization
Cristero War- 1926-1929
o
o
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•
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Germany asked Mexico to join them against the U.S. during
WWI
Alvaro Obregon
o
o
•
Peasant Uprising
Poncho Villa & Emiliano Zapata
Zimmerman Telegram- 1917
o
•
Dictator of Mexico 1876-1911
Counter-revolution to fight Catholic oppression
About 90,000 died
One-Party Rule (PRI) 1929-2000
NAFTA- 1994
Vicente Fox (PAN) 2000-2006
Drug Cartel War
Ecosystems & Wildlife
National Animals
• Reptile-Green Turtle
• Mammal- Jaguar
• Bird-Golden Eagle
• Dog- Xoloitzcuintli
SHOH-loh-eets-KWEENT-lee
(Mexican Hairless)
Other Wildlife
• Agave
• Iguana
• Dorado
Government
• Official Formal Name
“United Mexican States”
• Federal Republic
o
o
31 States
1 Federal District
• Capital- Mexico City
• Independence from Spain
o
September 16, 1810
Economy
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•
•
•
o
•
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February 5, 1917
• 3-Branch Government
o
o
o
President- Enrique Pena Nieto
(PRI)
• Took office Dec. 1, 2012
• 1 six year term
Supreme Court
• Judicial review
National Congress
• Senate & Chamber of Deputies
o
food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum,
mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, tourism
Crude oil Production- 2.9 million barrels per day- 12th in world
Exports
o
o
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corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton, coffee, fruit, tomatoes; beef,
poultry, dairy products; wood products
Industries
o
•
services: 62 % , industry: 23% ,agriculture: 13 %
Agriculture Products
o
•
$1.7 trillion- 12th in the world
Labor Force by Occupation
o
• Constitution adopted
o
Free market system
Money: $13.25 Pesos = $1 U.S. Dollar
Member of NAFTA & free trade agreements with 50
nations
GDP
manufactured goods, oil and oil products, silver, fruits, vegetables,
coffee, cotton
12% of U.S. Imports come from Mexico
51% live below the poverty line
People & Culture
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•
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Population- 116.2 million
Ethnic Groups- 60 % Mestizo,
30% Amerindian, 9 % white
Language- 92 % Spanish
Religion- 82% Roman Catholic
Major holidays
o
o
o
o
Día de la Constitución- Feb. 15
Dia de la Independencia- Sep. 16
Día de Todos los Santos- Nov. 1
Navidad- Dec. 25
• Art
o
Frida Kahlo
• Music
o
Selena
• Sports
o
Futbol
National Landmarks & Tourist Attractions
•
Mexico City
o
o
Aztec Ruins, museums, Colonial architecture
Azteca Estadio
•
Chichen Itza, Yucatan
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Cabo San Lucas, Baja Sur
o
o
Mayan Ruins
Fishing
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Puerto Escondito, Oaxaca
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Acapulco,
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La Venta, Tobasco
o
o
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Surfing
Cliff Diving
Olmec Ruins
Current Events
• Worry grows over Mexico
vigilante movement
o
Armed citizen patrols fighting drug cartel
violence join forces with a radical teachers
union in Guerrero state opposed to an
education reform law.
• LA Times, April 11, 2013
• Mexico monarch butterfly
population smallest in years,
study says
o
The amount of land occupied by the
migrating creatures shrank 59% from a year
ago, scientists say. The decline could hurt
tourism and the ecosystem.
• LA Times, March 13, 2013
• Mexico scrambles as violence
threatens tourism zones
o
Mexican officials and trade executives look
for ways to minimize damage to tourism, an
industry that is a top income-earner and
employer in Mexico.
• LA Times, Feb. 9, 2013