4.03 Part 1
Hands-On Lab
Directions
• If you choose this option: Read through and
complete the procedures outlined in this Lab
Report.
• Once you have completed the lab, you will
turn in the results, analysis, and conclusion
sections.
Accident Summary
It wasn’t the first time Chris had seen the inside of an emergency room. He was surprised the
nurses didn’t hand him a frequent visitor card when he stumbled in yet again with another
injury. This time it was his leg. Blood was running down his thigh, and as tough as he was, he
was starting to feel a little faint.
“I’d say it was nice to see you again but it seems inappropriate at the moment,” Dr. Taylor mused
as he assessed Chris’s new injury. “You’ve really done it this time. Lucky for you these minor
scrapes clotted quickly, but this large gash…it’s going to need stiches.”
“It just adds to my battle scars,” Chris announced with pride.
Dr. Taylor groaned. It was a typical Chris response. “It also adds to your medical bills, Chris,” Dr.
Taylor responded as he turned to grab clean gauze from the supply cabinet. “When are you
going to give up Parkour,” he asked concerned. “Free-running is hazardous to your health.”
Chris did not respond. He had fainted. He also looked pretty pale. Dr. Taylor surmised from the
puddle of blood pooling around his leg that Chris had taken his time getting to the ER, and he’d
lost too much blood along the way. He was going to need a blood transfusion.
Blood Samples
You are the nurse assisting Dr. Taylor. Chris needs a transfusion, but you will need to determine
his blood type first. To reveal Chris’s blood type, his blood sample needs to be tested using antiA serum, anti-B serum, and anti-Rh serum. Anti-serum contains antibodies against the blood
type labeled. For example, anti-A serum contains antibodies that bond to the A antigens on red
blood cells and causes them to clump.
Fill in the blank spaces in the chart to help you determine the blood type and the Rh factor (+ or ) of Chris’s blood sample. (Worth 8 points)
Each correct answer on the following slide will be worth 1 point.
For full credit…..Be sure to include both the letter (or letters) of your blood type, as well as the
proper indicators showing it as positive or negative.
Reactions w/ Anti-A
Serum
Reactions w/ Anti-B
Serum
Reactions w/ Anti-Rh
Serum
Clumping (+)
No Clumping (-)
Clumping
Clumping (+)
No Clumping (-)
No clumping
No Clumping (-)
Clumping (+)
Clumping
No Clumping (-)
Clumping (+)
No Clumping
Clumping (+)
Clumping (+)
Clumping
Clumping (+)
Clumping (+)
No Clumping
No Clumping (-)
No Clumping (-)
Clumping
No Clumping (-)
No Clumping (-)
No Clumping
Blood Type
Lab Component
Making the blood sample and the
anti-serums
Materials Needed
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•
•
•
•
•
•
1 cup milk
Toothpicks
Vinegar
Water
8 cups
1 dropper or teaspoon
2 bottles of food coloring – red and green
(optional)
• Marker and tape to label the blood sample and
serums
Preparation
• Mix 1 cup of milk with 1 cup of water.
• Add enough red food coloring to get a bright
red color and then add a few drop of green to
make it a deeper red color so that it looks
more like real blood. Note: Making it look like
blood is optional. You don’t need to make it red to test
it.
• Pour half of the blood into a second cup. Label
one cup “sample 1” and the other cup
“sample 2.”
You will need three anti-serums.
There should be an anti-A, an anti-B, and an anti-Rh serum.
You will only need ¼ cup of each serum made according to the chart.
These will be your 3 Anti Serums that are used during the rest of this hands-on lab activity
Anti A
Anti B
Anti-Rh
Vinegar
Vinegar
Water
At this point, there should be 2 samples of Chris’s blood, an anti-A serum, an anti-B serum, and
an anti-Rh serum.
Procedures to test Chris’s blood sample
• Step 1: Place 10 drops (or 1 teaspoon) of sample 1 into 1 teaspoon
of each serum.
• Step 2: Use clean toothpicks to stir the blood into each serum for 30
seconds.
• Step 3: Record your observations in the data chart.
• Step 4: Use the reaction chart at the top of this page to determine
the blood type.
• Step 5: Repeat steps 1-4, using sample 2 and the last three cups of
serum.
Results (worth 8 points)
Place your blood typing results into the chart below.
Note: Each correct answer in the chart will be worth 1
point. For the chart, simply put “yes” if there is a
reaction, or “no” if there isn’t an interaction
Reactions w/Anti-A Serum Reactions w/Anti-B Serum Reactions w/ Anti-Rh Serum
Sample 1
Sample 2
Blood Type
Analysis and Conclusion (worth 20 points)
• Each question is worth 5 points.
• To receive full credit for each question, please
explain how you came up with your answer
(based on the lab you just completed).
1. What steps did the body take to stop the bleeding of
Chris’s minor scraps before he arrived at the ER? (Refer
to the section on hemostasis in your lesson.)
2. What blood type did your results show for Chris’s
blood type? How did you know this was his blood type?
3. What blood types can Chris receive in a blood
transfusion? (Refer to the section on blood
transfusions in your lesson.)
4. What will happen to Chris’s blood if he
receives the wrong type of blood transfusion?
(Refer to your blood types video notes.)
You do not need to complete Part 2.