Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Transportation Planning and Decision Making
• Government Legislation and Regulations have been the
driving force behind the definition and evolution of the
Transportation Planning Process
– 3-Cs: Continuing, Comprehensive and Coordinated,
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Legislated in 1962, with many changes and additions:
1964 UMTA Act
1966 DOT created
1970 Clean-air act
1976 Federal-aid Highway act (Hwy $$ to transit)
1978 Surface transportation Act – 1st multi-modal legislation
ADA (Am Disa Act)
1991 ISTEA
1998 TEA-21http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/tea21/index.htm
2003 (SAFETEA)
• Surface Transportation Extension Act 2004
• 2005 SAFETEA-LU, full legislation, summary
9/26/2005
Week 4
Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Establishment of Transportation planning
Organizations
• Metropolitan Planning Organizations
– $$ Flow through them to State DOTs for
Implementation of most plans
– Responsible for the 3C process
– Continuing tug of war between MPOs and DOTs
– MPOS bridge state lines
9/26/2005
Week 4
Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Institutional Framework for making decisions
• Players: MPOs, DOTs, local boards,
• “back door” linkage to other policy initiative
– Environment, energy, social, special interests
9/26/2005
Week 4
Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Financial structure
•
•
•
•
9/26/2005
Use taxes (fuel, tires, registration
Sales taxes and other general revenue
Private/Public “Partnerships”
Direct revenue: Fare box, Tolls, Advertising
Week 4
Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Planning and decision making
process
• Rational process leading to technical revolutionary
solutions
– Often unimplementable
• Need evolutionary based on political consensus
9/26/2005
Week 4
Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Conceptual Models of Decision Making
• Rational Approach
– Need comprehensive knowledge and selection of the “Optimal” solution
• Satisfying Approach
– Minimize harm while providing at least some benefit
• Incremental Approach
– Take small steps with limited info doing limited harm; focus on those that
differ from existing policies
• Organizational process Approach
• Political Bargaining Approach
– Search for consensus among the many participants, get everyone to buyin, make them feel like they own it/thought of it.
9/26/2005
Week 4
Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Characteristics of a Decision-Oriented
Planning Process
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
9/26/2005
Establish a future context
Respond to different scales of Analysis
Expand the scope of the problem definition
Maintain flexibility in Analysis
Provide constant feedback
Relate Programming and Budgeting Processes
Provide for Public Involvement
Week 4
Orf 467 – Transportation Systems Analysis
Fall 2005
Development of a Decision-Oriented
Transportation Planning Approach
Problem Identification
Debate and collective decision making
Implementation
Evaluation and Feedback
For details: Click on: Part 2: Planning and Analysis Tools of Transportation Demand and
Investment
For more background see: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/transp/modlmeth.pdf
9/26/2005
Week 4