Unit 5 DNA to Protein
Lab Stn #1
LT1a
Use the Venn diagram to organize the information to show the correct relationship.
DNA
one gene
one genome
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one chromosome
_______
_______
_______
_______
nucleotides
gene
chromosome
genome
DNA
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
LT1 Genetics & DNA
Lab Stn #2
VOCABULARY: gene, chromosome, DNA, allele
Create a Vocabulary Cartoon for the four terms listed above. See below why
this is a great study tool to use when learning vocabulary!
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the question to a
different lab station.
Use the following format when creating your FOUR cartoons:
1. Write word in a upper corner
2. Define word
3. Create a “Link Word(s),” which is a rhyming work or phase
4. Draw a picture/cartoon with combines the vocabulary word and link word
5. Write a caption to the picture/cartoon with the vocabulary word and link word
6. Check out examples below
7. Get creative!
Lab Stn #3
Unit 5 DNA to Protein Unit 5 DNA to Protein
Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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LT1b
Explain the two functions of DNA.
DNA has two functions.
1. It is the molecule of heredity, meaning, it is the substance that is passed on from one generation to the next.
2. It controls the cell by determining which enzymes are made or not made.
Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
Lab Stn #4
LT2: Vocabulary:
Use the flashcards to practice the vocabulary for this learning target.
Vocabulary: double helix, nucleotide, deoxyribose, phosphate group, nitrogen base,
thymine, cytosine, guanine, adenine, purine, pyrimidine
Please do not move
the question to a
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Cut these out and fold to make flashcards.
The shape of a
DNA molecule.
Double
Helix
Nucleotide
The building blocks of nucleic
acids consisting of a pentose
sugar, a phosphate group and
a nitrogen base.
Deoxyribose
sugar
The pentose sugar in DNA. It
has NO oxygen at carbon #2.
Phosphate
Group
[PO4]-3
A polyatomic ion that is part of
each nucleotide in DNA and
RNA. It alternates with
pentose sugars to make the
backbone of the molecule.
Nitrogen
Base
Carbon rings containing
nitrogen.
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thymine
A single-ring (pyrimidine)
nitrogen base that pairs with
adenine in DNA.
adenine
A double-ring (purine) nitrogen
base that pairs with
thymine in DNA
uracil in RNA.
cytosine
A single-ring (pyrimidine)
nitrogen base that pairs with
guanine in both DNA and
RNA.
guanine
A double-ring (purine) nitrogen
base that pairs with
cytosine in both DNA
and RNA.
purine
A double-ringed nitrogen base.
It must pair with a pyrimidine.
pyrimidine
A single-ring nitrogen base. It
must pair with a purine.
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
Lab Stn #5
LT2a
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different lab station.
Use the parts to construct and then describe the structure of a DNA nucleotide.
Description:
A DNA nucleotide is made up of three parts: a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar and
one of four nitrogen bases:
C: cytosine, G: guanine, A: adenine or T: thymine.
Cut out the pieces to construct a DNA nucleotide.
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cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
LT2b
Lab Stn #8
Describe how DNA nucleotides are connected together to make a DNA molecule.
Explain why DNA nucleotides have complementary partners.
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Activity: Discovering the Structure of DNA
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
Lab Stn #9
LT2c
Use the parts to construct and then describe the structure of a RNA nucleotide.
Please do not move
the question to a
different lab station.
An RNA nucleotide is made up of three parts: a phosphate group, a ribose sugar and one
of four nitrogen bases: C: cytosine, G: guanine, A: adenine or U: uracil.
Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
LT3a
Lab Stn #10
Organize the images to show the relationship between the following as they pertain to DNA
replication.
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the question to a
different lab station.
Your organization should correctly represent this statement.
DNA replication makes exact copies of DNA. This happens during the S phase of the cell
cycle in preparation for mitosis and meiosis. It is important to make exact copies because
the purpose for DNA replication is to get ready to make new, identical cells by mitosis.
Mitosis is for the purposes of growth, maintenance, repair and asexual reproduction.
Mrs. Loyd 
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Lab Stn #11
Unit 5 DNA to Protein
LT3b Explain the importance of hydrogen bonds to the replication of DNA during the
S phase of the cell cycle.
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The DNA double helix has two strands held together by H-bonds. These bonds are very weak but multiple weak
bonds are strong. Each H-bond can be broken easily using ATP and enzymes. This allows for a mechanism to
copy each strand of DNA into two new molecules. This is called semi-conservative replication because each new
DNA is half old and half new.
Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
LT3c Order the images of each stage of DNA replication correctly and then
identify what is happening in each.
Lab Stn #11
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Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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Unit 5 DNA to Protein
LT3 Vocabulary: replication fork, DNA polymerase, base-pairing rules, DNA helicase, DNA
Lab Stn #11
replication
Use the flashcards to practice the vocabulary for this learning target.
Please do not move
the question to a
different lab station.
Cut these out and fold to make flashcards.
Replication
Fork
DNA
Polymerase
The enzyme that synthesizes
new strands of DNA by adding
complementary nucleotides to
the template strand of DNA.
[Purine / Pyrimidine]
Base-Pairing
Rules
Guanine - Cytosine
Adenine - Thymine
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DNA
Helicase
The enzyme that functions to
unwind the DNA double helix
so that replication or
transcription can occur.
DNA
Replication
Before a cell divides, it copies its
DNA so both descendant cells will
inherit a full complement of
chromosomes. Replication of each
DNA molecule produces two
duplicates.
Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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Cutouts
LT2c
LT3a
LT3c
Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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