Chapter 5 Sex and Your Body Learning Objectives Structure and function of male and female sex organs How sex organs function during sexual activity Sexual health problems Sexual dysfunctions Responsible sexual behavior POP QUIZ Worksheet #36 Sexuality Biological sex Gender traits and behaviors Sexual anatomy and physiology Sexual functioning and practices Social and sexual interactions Sexual Anatomy: Gonads Reproductive organs that produce germ cells and sex hormones Ovaries – Egg (ovum) Testes – Sperm Worksheet #35 Female External Reproductive Organs (Genitalia) – Vulva Female Internal Genitalia Male External Genitalia Male Internal Genitalia Sex Hormones Androgens – primarily male hormones Steroids promote masculinization in males and females Adrenal glands Testosterone promotes masculinization in males and females; regulates other sexual functions in women Males: Testes, adrenal glands Females: Ovaries, adrenal glands Primarily female hormones – Female secondary sex characteristics, menstrual cycle, gestation, and sexual functioning in men Estrogen Ovaries, Adrenal glands, Testes Progesterone “For Pregnancy” Corpus luteum, Adrenal glands, Placenta Sex Hormone Determines Gender 23rd Pair of Chromosomes XY = Male Testosterone XX = Female XY No Testosterone XX Homologous Reproductive Organs Penis Clitoris Scrotum Labia Testis Ovary majora Sexual Functioning: Stimulus – Response Cycle (Fig. 5-4, p. 134) Physical Stimulus Psychological Stimulus Stages of Sexual Response Excitement Plateau Orgasm Resolution Sexual Response Terms Vasocongestion Myotonia Accumulation or engorgement of blood Increased muscle tension Rhythmic muscular contractions Refractory period Men: have a refractory period Cannot immediately be re-stimulated to orgasm Women: no refractory period Sexual Response Cycle Common Sexual Health Problems (p. 135) Physical (biological) conditions Vaginitis (including yeast infection) Endometriosis Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Prostatitis Testicular cancer Common Sexual Dysfunctions (p. 135) Disturbances in sexual desire, performance, or satisfaction that have physical and/or psychological origins Vaginismus Orgasmic dysfunction Erectile dysfunction (impotence) Premature ejaculation Retarded ejaculation Sexual Dysfunction is Common Results from a national survey of people aged 18 to 59 years reported in the February 10, 1999, issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association indicate that sexual dysfunction was common among women (43 percent) and men (31 percent). Prevalence of Sexual Problems Development of Sexual Behavior Gender roles – your everyday behavior and attitudes based on your sex Gender identity – your inner sense of being male or female Cultural differences – culturally expected or appropriate Portrayal of sex in the media Childhood and adolescence Adult sexual experiences Disability or illness Sexual orientation Combination of biological, psychological, and social factors Varieties of Sexual Behavior Celibacy, or abstinence Masturbation Touching Oral-genital stimulation Cunnilingus Fellatio Anal intercourse Vaginal intercourse Ask yourself the following: Is this sexual behavior healthy and fulfilling for me and/or my partner? Is it safe? Does it lead to the exploitation of the other? Does it take place between responsible, consenting adults? Responsible Sexual Behavior Making choices about your sexual behavior directly affects you and another person Communication Agreed-upon activity Sexual privacy Contraception use Safer sex Sober sex Be responsible for consequences On your own… Worksheet #38 Tips for Today, p. 147