What’s an
Animal?
Image from: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/index.html
3. Notochord (some encased in a backbone)
Invertebrates
(animals without a backbone)
Porifera
Cnidaria
Worms
Mollusks
Echinoderms
Arthropods
VertebratesAnimals
with backbones
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
Numbers of species
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Chordata
Platyhelminthes
Nematoda
Annelida
Porifera
Echinodermata
Other
Sarcomastigophora
Apicomplex
Ciliophora
Characteristics of ALL Animals:
1. Are ____________________
EUKARYOTES
cells have nucleus & membrane bound organelles
HETEROTROPHIC
2. Are ____________________
get food from consuming other organisms
MULTICELLULAR
3. Are ____________________
made of many cells
SPECIALIZATION
4. Show __________________
different kinds of cells do different jobs
Characteristics of ALL Animals:
MOVE
5. _____________
(at some point in life cycle)
for food, find mates, escape danger
DNA
6. Contain _____________
which carries the genetic code
REPRODUCE
7. ____________________
Make offspring,
Most have sexual reproduction (few asexual)
NO CELL WALL allows flexibility
8. ____________________
How are animals classified?
1. Symmetry
No symmetry
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
ASYMMETRY
___________________
No symmetry
Doesn’t matter
how you cut it;
you never get 2
identical halves.
Image from: http://mbgnet.mobot.org/salt/animals/sponges.htm
Radial Symmetry
_______
Jelly fish image: http://www.redfishbluefish.com/BellaLuz/Jellyfish.jpg
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/animal%20dissections.htm
Image from:
http://biodidac.bio.uottawa.ca/
Get 2 identical halves in several directions.
Bilateral
___________
Symmetry
If divide animal down
the middle you get 2
mirror images
BUT only divides
equally in ONE
direction
Image from:
http://www.okc.cc.ok.us/biologylabs/Documents/Animals/Symmetry.htm
Which way is up?
DORSAL (top)
ANTERIOR
head end
POSTERIOR
tail end
VENTRAL (underneath)
Image from: http://www.ca4h.org/4hresource/clipart/animals/pics/dog.gif
CEPHALIZATION
________________
Concentration of
nervous tissue and
sensory organs
in anterior end of an
organism (head area)
2. EMBRYOLOGY
Image from: http://calspace.ucsd.edu/virtualmuseum/litu/03_3.shtml
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
Becomes
digestive
system
Image from: http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/16cm05/1116/16anim3.htm
A. Where does BLASTOPORE end up?
ANUS HERE POSSIBLY
Images modified from: http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/16cm05/1116/16anim3.htm
ANIMALS
PROTOSTOMES
DEUTEROSTOMES
Blastopore becomes
MOUTH
Blastopore becomes
ANUS
ALL INVERTEBRATES
except ECHINODERMS
ALL VERTEBRATES
(Fish, amphibians, birds,
reptiles, mammals)
plus ECHINODERMS
EMBRYOLOGY
__________________
Echinoderms
are the
“exception to the rule”!
They are INVERTEBRATES
but their embryos act like
DEUTEROSTOMES
_________________________
Image from: http://www.bsac21.freeserve.co.uk/images/Critters/Starfish%20Bloody%20Henry.JPG